scholarly journals Problem drinking alters gray matter volume and food cue responses of the lateral orbitofrontal cortex

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thang M. Le ◽  
Simon Zhornitsky ◽  
Wuyi Wang ◽  
Sheng Zhang ◽  
Chiang‐Shan R. Li
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Matter Volume

scholarly journals Reduced gray matter volume in the orbitofrontal cortex is associated with greater body mass index: a coordinate-based meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Y. Chen ◽  
Susan Murray ◽  
Tania Giovannetti ◽  
David V. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
The Right

AbstractMeta-analyses of neuroimaging studies have not found a clear relationship between the orbitofrontal cortex and obesity, despite animal and human studies suggesting the contrary. Our primary meta-analysis examined what regions are associated with reduced gray matter volume, given increased body mass index. We identified 23 voxel-based morphometry studies examining the association between gray matter volume and body mass index. In a sample of 6,788 participants, we found that greater body mass index is associated with decreased gray matter volume in the right Brodmanns’ area 10 and 11, forming part of the right orbitofrontal cortex (FWE, p=0.05). Use of Brodmanns’ areas 10 and 11 as seeds in a Neurosynth network coactivation and text decoding analysis revealed that these regions are associated with studies of emotional regulation and processing, clinical symptoms and disorder, ‘mentalizing’ and social cognition, and the Default mode network. Our finding uniquely contributes to the literature in showing a relationship between the orbitofrontal cortex and obesity and showing the wide-ranging impact these differences may have on social, mental, and emotional functioning as well as on the Default mode network. Exploratory analyses suggest the need for studies examining the effect of age on these findings.

scholarly journals Deficient Decision Making in Pathological Gamblers Correlates With Gray Matter Volume in Medial Orbitofrontal Cortex

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Freinhofer ◽  
Philipp Schwartenbeck ◽  
Natasha Thon ◽  
Tina Eigenberger ◽  
Wolfgang Aichhorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
Matter Volume

scholarly journals Parcellation of the human orbitofrontal cortex based on gray matter volume covariance

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaigui Liu ◽  
Wen Qin ◽  
Haotian Qi ◽  
Tianzi Jiang ◽  
Chunshui Yu
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Matter Volume

scholarly journals Reduced gray matter volume in the anterior cingulate, orbitofrontal cortex and thalamus as a function of mild depressive symptoms: a voxel-based morphometric analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (13) ◽  
pp. 2833-2843 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Webb ◽  
M. Weber ◽  
E. A. Mundy ◽  
W. D. S. Killgore
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Dimensional Approach ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Conjunction Analysis

BackgroundStudies investigating structural brain abnormalities in depression have typically employed a categorical rather than dimensional approach to depression [i.e. comparing subjects with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-defined major depressive disorder (MDD)v. healthy controls]. The National Institute of Mental Health, through their Research Domain Criteria initiative, has encouraged a dimensional approach to the study of psychopathology as opposed to an over-reliance on categorical (e.g. DSM-based) diagnostic approaches. Moreover, subthreshold levels of depressive symptoms (i.e. severity levels below DSM criteria) have been found to be associated with a range of negative outcomes, yet have been relatively neglected in neuroimaging research.MethodTo examine the extent to which depressive symptoms – even at subclinical levels – are linearly related to gray matter volume reductions in theoretically important brain regions, we employed whole-brain voxel-based morphometry in a sample of 54 participants.ResultsThe severity of mild depressive symptoms, even in a subclinical population, was associated with reduced gray matter volume in the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, thalamus, superior temporal gyrus/temporal pole and superior frontal gyrus. A conjunction analysis revealed concordance across two separate measures of depression.ConclusionsReduced gray matter volume in theoretically important brain regions can be observed even in a sample that does not meet DSM criteria for MDD, but who nevertheless report relatively elevated levels of depressive symptoms. Overall, these findings highlight the need for additional research using dimensional conceptual and analytic approaches, as well as further investigation of subclinical populations.

scholarly journals Sex differences in socioemotional functioning, attentional bias, and gray matter volume in maltreated children: A multilevel investigation

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4pt2) ◽  
pp. 1591-1609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip A. Kelly ◽  
Essi Viding ◽  
Vanessa B. Puetz ◽  
Amy L. Palmer ◽  
Andrea Mechelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Supramarginal Gyrus ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Attentional Avoidance ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWhile maltreatment is known to impact social and emotional functioning, threat processing, and neural structure, the potentially dimorphic influence of sex on these outcomes remains relatively understudied. We investigated sex differences across these domains in a large community sample of children aged 10 to 14 years (n= 122) comprising 62 children with verified maltreatment experience and 60 well-matched nonmaltreated peers. The maltreated group relative to the nonmaltreated comparison group exhibited poorer social and emotional functioning (more peer problems and heightened emotional reactivity). Cognitively, they displayed a pattern of attentional avoidance of threat in a visual dot-probe task. Similar patterns were observed in males and females in these domains. Reduced gray matter volume was found to characterize the maltreated group in the medial orbitofrontal cortex, bilateral middle temporal lobes, and bilateral supramarginal gyrus; sex differences were observed only in the supramarginal gyrus. In addition, a disordinal interaction between maltreatment exposure and sex was found in the postcentral gyrus. Finally, attentional avoidance to threat mediated the relationship between maltreatment and emotional reactivity, and medial orbitofrontal cortex gray matter volume mediated the relationship between maltreatment and peer functioning. Similar mediation patterns were observed across sexes. This study highlights the utility of combining multiple levels of analysis when studying the “latent vulnerability” engendered by childhood maltreatment and yields tentative findings regarding a neural basis of sex differences in long-term outcomes for maltreated children.

scholarly journals Individual differences in the Behavioral Inhibition System are associated with orbitofrontal cortex and precuneus gray matter volume

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Fuentes ◽  
Alfonso Barrós-Loscertales ◽  
Juan Carlos Bustamante ◽  
Patricia Rosell ◽  
Víctor Costumero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Matter Volume

scholarly journals Small gray matter volume in orbitofrontal cortex in Prader-Willi syndrome: A voxel-based MRI study

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1059-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaeko Ogura ◽  
Toshikatsu Fujii ◽  
Nobuhito Abe ◽  
Yoshiyuki Hosokai ◽  
Mayumi Shinohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Mri Study
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