Spatial variation in the response of tiger gene flow to landscape features and limiting factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 472-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Reddy ◽  
J.‐P. Puyravaud ◽  
S. A. Cushman ◽  
H. Segu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Landscape Features

scholarly journals Identification of landscape features influencing gene flow: How useful are habitat selection models?

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen H. Roffler ◽  
Michael K. Schwartz ◽  
Kristy L. Pilgrim ◽  
Sandra L. Talbot ◽  
George K. Sage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Selection Models ◽  
Landscape Features

Effects of landscape features on gene flow among urban frog populations

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisanori Okamiya ◽  
Tamotsu Kusano
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Landscape Features

scholarly journals Quantifying functional connectivity: The role of breeding habitat, abundance, and landscape features on range-wide gene flow in sage-grouse

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1305-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey R. Row ◽  
Kevin E. Doherty ◽  
Todd B. Cross ◽  
Michael K. Schwartz ◽  
Sara J. Oyler-McCance ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Sage Grouse ◽  
Landscape Features

scholarly journals Spatial variation in gene flow across a hybrid zone reveals causes of reproductive isolation and asymmetric introgression in wall lizards*

Evolution ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1289-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weizhao Yang ◽  
Nathalie Feiner ◽  
Hanna Laakkonen ◽  
Roberto Sacchi ◽  
Marco A. L. Zuffi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Hybrid Zone ◽  
Asymmetric Introgression

scholarly journals The Effect of Host’s Dispersal Ability on Fine-Scale Spatial Differentiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Julie Y. Xu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Southern Site ◽  
High Gene

Gene flow of a parasite is commonly contingent upon its most motile host’s dispersal rate. High gene flow can reduce local differentiation and potentially the rate of adaptation to local hosts (Blasco-Costa, Waters, & Poulin, 2011; Louhi, Karvonen, Rellstab, & Jokela, 2010). We investigated fine-scale spatial differentiation in a parasitic trematode (Microphallus sp.), which alternates between two hosts: a relatively sedentary invertebrate, a freshwater snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum), and a highly motile vertebrate, a duck (Hechinger, 2012). In 2014, adult snails were sampled from 13 different sites around a New Zealand lake to determine the distribution of infection. Juvenile snails were also collected from these sites for experimental manipulation. Finally, parasite eggs were collected by sampling duck feces from a northern and southern site on the lake. Juvenile snails from each site were exposed to parasites from either the northern or southern source. The infection status of field-collected adults and experimental juveniles was determined by dissection. Given the close proximity between sites and the duck host’s strong dispersal ability, we predicted low spatial variation in infectivity of the two parasite sources. The results, however, indicate significant spatial variation in both host resistance and parasite infectivity. Though infection rates across host sites were significantly correlated, the two sources differed significantly in their infectivity to hosts from different sites. This result suggests that the two parasite sources are adapted to infect different hosts, indicating genetic differentiation of the parasite. In addition, the frequency of infection and resistance of the freshwater snail differed significantly between sites within close proximity to one another. Detection of strong variation indicates that dispersal of the vertebrate host does not prevent fine-scale spatial differentiation in this host-parasite system. Further studies are needed to investigate the forces that maintain the extensive spatial variation in disease observed. 

scholarly journals Genetic structure of prey populations underlies the geographic mosaic of arms race coevolution

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T.J. Hague ◽  
Amber N. Stokes ◽  
Chris R. Feldman ◽  
Edmund D. Brodie ◽  
Edmund D. Brodie
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Local Variation ◽  
Arms Race ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Population Divergence ◽  
Garter Snakes ◽  
Geographic Mosaic ◽  
Prey Populations

ABSTRACTReciprocal adaptation is the hallmark of arms race coevolution, but the symmetry of evolutionary change between interacting species is often untested, even in the best-studied battles of natural enemies. We tested whether prey and predator exhibit symmetrical local co-adaptation in the example of a geographic mosaic of coevolution between toxic newts (Taricha granulosa) and resistant garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis). Prior work showing a tight correlation between levels of newt toxin and snake resistance is regarded as textbook evidence of the intense arms race between natural enemies. Here, we similarly found that toxin and resistance are functionally matched in prey and predator populations, further suggesting that mosaic variation in the armaments of both species results from the local pressures of reciprocal selection. Contrary to conventional wisdom, however, we found that local variation in newt toxin is best predicted by neutral population divergence rather than the resistance of co-occurring predators. Snake resistance, on the other hand, is clearly explained by local levels of prey toxin. Prey populations seem to structure variation in defensive toxin levels across the geographic mosaic, which in turn determines selection on predator resistance. Exaggerated armaments suggest that coevolution occurs in certain hotspots, but our results imply that neutral processes like gene flow—rather than reciprocal adaptation—structure the greatest source of variation across the landscape. This pattern supports the predicted role of “trait remixing” in the geographic mosaic of coevolution, the process by which non-adaptive forces dictate spatial variation in the interactions among species.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWhen the weapons of natural enemies like prey toxins and predator resistance are matched across the geographic landscape, they are usually presumed to result from arms race coevolution. In the textbook example of an arms race, matched levels of newt toxin and garter snake resistance have long been regarded as evidence of such local co-adaptation. To the contrary, we found that local variation in newt toxicity is best explained by the neutral geographic structure of newt populations. This spatial variation of prey in turn dictates local selection on garter snakes, structuring the geographic pattern of predator resistance. These results demonstrate how landscape patterns of phenotypic variation are determined by a mixture of natural selection, historical biogeography, and gene flow that comprise the geographic mosaic of coevolution.

scholarly journals Landscape and climatic features drive genetic differentiation processes in a South American coastal plant

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo A. Silva-Arias ◽  
Lina Caballero-Villalobos ◽  
Giovanna C. Giudicelli ◽  
Loreta B. Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Marginal Populations ◽  
Landscape Features ◽  
Precipitation Seasonality ◽  
Isolation By Environment

ABSTRACTBackground and aimsHistorical and ecological processes shaped the patterns of genetic diversity in plant species; among these, colonization to new environments such as coastal regions generate multiple signals of interest to understand the influence of landscape features on the population differentiation.MethodsWe analysed the genetic diversity and population structure of Calibrachoa heterophylla to infer the influence of abiotic landscape features on this coastal species’ gene flow in the South Atlantic Coastal Plain (SACP). We used ten microsatellite loci to genotype 253 individuals from 15 populations, covering the species’ entire geographical range. We applied population genetics analyses to determine population diversity and structure along the SACP, migration model inference and correlative analyses to disentangle the most likely drivers of gene flow in the SACP.Key ResultsThe C. heterophylla populations located more distantly from the seashore showed higher genetic diversity than those closer to the sea. The genetic differentiation had a consistent signal of isolation-by-distance. Landscape features, such as water bodies and wind corridors, and raw geographical distances equally explained the genetic differentiation, whereas the precipitation seasonality showed a strong signal for isolation-by-environment in marginal populations. The estimated gene flow suggested that marginal populations had restricted immigration rates, which could enhance the genetic differentiation.ConclusionsThe influence of topographical features in population differentiation in C. heterophylla is related with the history of the coastal plain deposition. Gene flow is mainly restricted to nearby populations and facilitated by wind fields but with no apparent influence of large water bodies. Furthermore, differential rainfall regimes in marginal populations can promote local genetic differentiation.

Effects of landscape features on gene flow of valley oaks (Quercus lobata)

Plant Ecology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 218 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Gharehaghaji ◽  
Emily S. Minor ◽  
Mary V. Ashley ◽  
Saji T. Abraham ◽  
Walter D. Koenig
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Quercus Lobata ◽  
Landscape Features
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