scholarly journals Reduced Hippocampal Volumes Partially Mediate Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Spatial Navigation on a Virtual Water Maze Task in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 844-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil C. Dodge ◽  
Kevin G. F. Thomas ◽  
Ernesta M. Meintjes ◽  
Christopher D. Molteno ◽  
Joseph L. Jacobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Maze ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Maze Task ◽  
Water Maze Task ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

scholarly journals Human neural progenitor cells ameliorate NMDA-induced hippocampal degeneration and related functional deficits

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-268
Author(s):  
Sabrina K Uppal ◽  
◽  
Toni L Uhlendorf ◽  
Ruslan L Nuryyev ◽  
Jacqueline Saenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Neural Progenitor ◽  
Maze Task ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Cell Replacement ◽  
Water Maze Task ◽  
Functional Deficits ◽  
Limited Effectiveness

<abstract> <p>It has been established that the CA3 region of the hippocampus is involved in consolidating short-term memory to long-term memory and aids in spatial navigation retention. Seizures and many neurologic diseases induce damage to that region of the hippocampus, resulting in deficits in memory consolidation and spatial navigation. Drug treatments have been proven to have limited effectiveness, but cell replacement therapy has demonstrated to be more promising. Celavie Biosciences have developed a multipotent, nontumorigenic human neural progenitor cell (hNPC) line shown to have the ability to migrate <italic>in situ</italic>, reducing structural and functional deficits in neurodegenerative animal models. Here, we examined whether transplanted hNPCs would reestablish the memories of Han-Wistar rats subjected to hippocampal excitotoxic lesioning. The rats were lesioned in the CA3c regions at 50 days bilaterally with the neurotoxin NMDA (1 µl containing 7.5 mg/ml; −3.5 mm AP; ±2.0 L and −2.5 V). At 54 days of age, live hNPCs (500000 cells in 5 µl cell suspension media), frozen-killed hNPCs (500000 cells/5 µl), HEK293T cells (500000 cells/5 µl) or vehicle (cell suspension media; 5 µl) were bilaterally implanted directly into the NMDA damaged area. The rats were tested two weeks later with three different memory tests: novel and place-object assays and the water-maze task. Results showed that rats receiving live hNPC implantation performed significantly better in the water maze task than control groups; yet, novel and place-object test results showed no significant differences among treatments. Histology confirmed the survival of implanted hNPCs after 28 days post-implantation as well as showing neuroprotective effects. This study showed that Celavie's hNPCs were able to survive and improve some but not all hippocampal functionality, emphasizing the promise for cell replacement therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders.</p> </abstract>

scholarly journals Grey matter volume correlates with virtual water maze task performance in boys with androgen excess

Neuroscience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C. Mueller ◽  
D.P. Merke ◽  
E.W. Leschek ◽  
S. Fromm ◽  
C. Grillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Androgen Excess ◽  
Maze Task ◽  
Water Maze Task ◽  
Matter Volume

Complex Trauma and Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: Clinical Implications

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvette D. Hyter
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Academic Outcomes ◽  
Complex Trauma ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Complex trauma resulting from chronic maltreatment and prenatal alcohol exposure can significantly affect child development and academic outcomes. Children with histories of maltreatment and those with prenatal alcohol exposure exhibit remarkably similar central nervous system impairments. In this article, I will review the effects of each on the brain and discuss clinical implications for these populations of children.

Prenatal alcohol exposure and signs of minor neurological dysfunction at preschool age

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 508-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Béatrice Larroque ◽  
Monique Kaminski ◽  
Phillipe Dehaene ◽  
Damien Subtil ◽  
Denis Querleu
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Minor Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

Impact of Moderate Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Problem Behaviors in Preschool and School Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Pfinder ◽  
Stefan Liebig ◽  
Reinhold Feldmann
Keyword(s):  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
German Health ◽  
Kiggs Study ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

Data on the relation between moderate prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and behavioral disorders are inconsistent, and this raises new questions. We examined (1) the association between moderate PAE and problem behaviors and (2) whether these associations differed by levels of socioeconomic status (SES), fetal smoke exposure, or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Data were taken from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) study. Parents evaluated children’s behaviors using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results showed a slight, but insignificant, increase of problem behaviors in children with moderate PAE. In 3- to 6-year-olds, PAE had a stronger effect on hyperactivity/inattention in combination with fetal smoke exposure (odds ratio = 2.82), than did PAE alone. Effects were not stronger in low-SES children, but they were stronger in children with ETS. We conclude that moderate PAE might have adverse effects on neurodevelopment, with stronger effects in disadvantaged populations. To confirm our preliminary findings, further research should be conducted.

Using Fingers to Find the Platform: A Human Analogue of the Water Maze Task

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Wallace ◽  
Jenny Koppen ◽  
Eileah Loda ◽  
Megan Nail ◽  
Shawn Winter
Keyword(s):  
Water Maze ◽  
Maze Task ◽  
Water Maze Task
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