A 5-Year Follow-Up of Depressed and Bipolar Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder in an Irish Population

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1049-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor K. Farren ◽  
Philip Murphy ◽  
Sharon McElroy
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Irish Population ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Changes in DNA methylation persist over time in males with severe alcohol use disorder—A longitudinal follow‐up study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soundarya Soundararajan ◽  
Arpana Agrawal ◽  
Meera Purushottam ◽  
Shravanthi Daphne Anand ◽  
Bhagyalakshmi Shankarappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals A Prospective Comparison of Bipolar I and II Subjects With and Without Comorbid Alcohol Dependence From the COGA Dataset

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich W. Preuss ◽  
M. N. Hesselbrock ◽  
V. M. Hesselbrock
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Prospective Comparison ◽  
Bipolar Ii ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Objective: Comorbidity of alcohol use disorders in bipolar subjects is high as indicated by epidemiological and clinical studies. Though a more severe course of bipolar disorder in subjects with comorbid alcohol dependence has been reported, fewer studies considered the longitudinal course of alcohol dependence in bipolar subjects and the prospective course of comorbid bipolar II subjects. Beside baseline analysis, longitudinal data of the COGA (Collaborative Study on Genetics in Alcoholism) were used to evaluate the course of bipolar I and II disordered subjects with and without comorbid alcohol dependence over more than 5 years of follow-up.Methods: Characteristics of bipolar disorder, alcohol dependence and comorbid psychiatric disorders were assessed using semi-structured interviews (SSAGA) at baseline and at a 5-year follow-up. Two hundred twenty-eight bipolar I and II patients were subdivided into groups with and without comorbid alcohol dependence.Results: Of the 152 bipolar I and 76 bipolar II patients, 172 (75, 4%) had a comorbid diagnosis of alcohol dependence. Bipolar I patients with alcohol dependence, in particular women, had a more severe course of bipolar disorder, worse social functioning and more suicidal behavior than all other groups of subjects during the 5-year follow-up. In contrast, alcohol dependence improved significantly in both comorbid bipolar I and II individuals during this time.Conclusions: A 5-year prospective evaluation of bipolar patients with and without alcohol dependence confirmed previous investigations suggesting a more severe course of bipolar disorder in comorbid bipolar I individuals, whereas bipolar II individuals were less severely impaired by comorbid alcohol use disorder. While severity of alcohol dependence improved during this time in comorbid alcohol-dependent bipolar I patients, the unfavorable outcome for these individuals might be due to the higher comorbidity with personality and other substance use disorders which, together with alcohol dependence, eventually lead to poorer symptomatic and functional clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Stability of Drinking Reductions and Long-term Functioning Among Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Witkiewitz ◽  
Henry R. Kranzler ◽  
Kevin A. Hallgren ◽  
Deborah S. Hasin ◽  
Arnie P. Aldridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
World Health ◽  
End Of Treatment

Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) categorizes alcohol consumption according to grams consumed into low-, medium-, high-, and very-high-risk drinking levels (RDLs). Although abstinence has been considered the ideal outcome of alcohol treatment, reductions in WHO RDLs have been proposed as primary outcomes for alcohol use disorder (AUD) trials. Objective The current study examines the stability of WHO RDL reductions and the association between RDL reductions and long-term functioning for up to 3 years following treatment. Design and Participants Secondary data analysis of patients with AUD enrolled in the COMBINE Study and Project MATCH, two multi-site, randomized AUD clinical trials, who were followed for up to 3 years post-treatment (COMBINE: n = 694; MATCH: n = 806). Measures Alcohol use was measured via calendar-based methods. We estimated all models in the total sample and among participants who did not achieve abstinence during treatment. Key Results One-level RDL reductions were achieved by 84% of patients at the end of treatment, with 84.9% of those individuals maintaining that reduction at a 3-year follow-up. Two-level RDL reductions were achieved by 68% of patients at the end of treatment, with 77.7% of those individuals maintaining that reduction at a 3-year follow-up. One- and two-level RDL reductions at the end of treatment were associated with significantly better mental health, quality of life (including physical quality of life), and fewer drinking consequences 3 years after treatment (p < 0.05), as compared to no change or increased drinking. Conclusion AUD patients can maintain WHO RDL reductions for up to 3 years after treatment. Patients who had WHO RDL reductions functioned significantly better than those who did not reduce their drinking. These findings are consistent with prior reports suggesting that drinking reductions, short of abstinence, yield meaningful improvements in patient health, well-being, and functioning.

Fluoxetine in Adolescents with Comorbid Major Depression and an Alcohol Use Disorder: A Five-Year Follow-Up Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack R. Cornelius ◽  
Duncan B. Clark ◽  
Oscar G. Bukstein ◽  
Boris Birmaher ◽  
Thomas M. Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Follow Up Study

scholarly journals Association between parental separation and addictions in adolescents: results of a national Lebanese study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour Jabbour ◽  
Vanessa Abi Rached ◽  
Chadia Haddad ◽  
Pascale Salameh ◽  
Hala Sacre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cigarette Dependence

Abstract Objectives: to investigate the association between the divorce of parents and smoking, alcohol, and internet addiction among a representative sample of Lebanese adolescents.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, conducted between January and May 2019 using a proportionate random sample of schools from all Lebanese Mohafazat. Out of 2000 questionnaires distributed; 1810 (90.5%) were completed and collected back.Results: The mean age was 15.42 ± 1.14 years, with 53.3% females and 74.1% smokers. In addition, 11.9% [95% CI 0.104-0.134] of the adolescents had separated/divorced parents. Divorce in parents was significantly associated with higher alcohol use disorder (Beta=8.035), higher cigarette dependence (Beta=2.767) and a higher waterpipe dependence (Beta=5.263) in adolescents. However, divorce in parents was not associated with internet addiction in adolescents.Conclusion: Parental divorce was correlated to higher alcohol and smoking, but not internet addiction among adolescents. Children whose parents are divorced should be subject to continuous follow-up by their parents and by a psychiatrist/psychologist in order not to develop any addiction that could potentially harm them.

Predictors of Readmission Following Outpatient Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-298
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Mangkornkaew Hansen ◽  
Anna Mejldal ◽  
Anette Søgaard Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Outpatient Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Addiction Severity Index ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Index Treatment

Abstract Aims To identify predictors of readmission to outpatient treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD) with a view to identifying underlying mechanisms for preventing relapse. Methods A consecutive clinical cohort of 2130 AUD outpatients treated between 1 January 2006 and 1 June 2016 was studied. Data were collected by means of the Addiction Severity Index upon treatment entry and at discharge. Outcome measures were readmission to outpatient treatment and time to readmission. Potential predictors were tested for significance using Cox Proportional Hazards multivariate analysis. Results A total of 22% were readmitted during the follow-up time. Patients readmitted within 1 year of treatment conclusion differed significantly from those not readmitted on age, cohabitation status and completion status of index treatment. Significant predictors of readmission during follow-up time were younger age (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.98–1.00), history of psychiatric illness (HR = 1.24, 95% CI, 1.02–1.50), drop-out from index treatment (HR = 1.41, 95% CI, 1.15–1.72) and length of index treatment (HR = 1.02, 95% CI, 1.00–1.04). Conclusion Premature drop-out from treatment, a history of psychiatric illness, younger age and longer treatment episodes appear to be the most important predictors of readmission.

scholarly journals Healthcare utilisation prior to suicide in persons with alcohol use disorder: national cohort and nested case–control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 (6) ◽  
pp. 710-716
Author(s):  
Casey Crump ◽  
Alexis C. Edwards ◽  
Kenneth S. Kendler ◽  
Jan Sundquist ◽  
Kristina Sundquist
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Healthcare Utilisation ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
National Cohort ◽  
Nested Case Control

BackgroundAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is common and associated with increased risk of suicide.AimsTo examine healthcare utilisation prior to suicide in persons with AUD in a large population-based cohort, which may reveal opportunities for prevention.MethodA national cohort study was conducted of 6 947 191 adults in Sweden in 2002, including 256 647 (3.7%) with AUD, with follow-up for suicide through 2015. A nested case–control design examined healthcare utilisation among people with AUD who died by suicide and 10:1 age- and gender-matched controls.ResultsIn 86.7 million person-years of follow-up, 15 662 (0.2%) persons died by suicide, including 2601 (1.0%) with AUD. Unadjusted and adjusted relative risks for suicide associated with AUD were 8.15 (95% CI 7.86–8.46) and 2.22 (95% CI 2.11–2.34). Of the people with AUD who died by suicide, 39.7% and 75.6% had a healthcare encounter <2 weeks or <3 months before the index date respectively, compared with 6.3% and 25.4% of controls (adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) and difference (PD), <2 weeks: PR = 3.86, 95% CI 3.50–4.25, PD = 26.4, 95% CI 24.2–28.6; <3 months: PR = 2.03, 95% CI 1.94–2.12, PD = 34.9, 95% CI 32.6–37.1). AUD accounted for more healthcare encounters within 2 weeks of suicide among men than women (P = 0.01). Of last encounters, 48.1% were in primary care and 28.9% were in specialty out-patient clinics, mostly for non-psychiatric diagnoses.ConclusionsSuicide among persons with AUD is often shortly preceded by healthcare encounters in primary care or specialty out-patient clinics. Encounters in these settings are important opportunities to identify active suicidality and intervene accordingly in patients with AUD.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of alcohol use disorders among bipolar patients at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa (Ethiopia): A cross-sectional institution based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debebe W. Tensae ◽  
Haddis Solomon ◽  
Berhanu Boru ◽  
Wondale Getinet
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Bipolar Patients

At this time, alcohol use is increasing in African countries. The prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) remains unknown in patients with psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of AUDs among individuals with bipolar disorder in the outpatient department at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital. An institution-based cross sectional study was conducted among 412 bipolar patients attending the outpatient department at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital from May – July 2015.Participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect socio-demographic and clinical data. Alcohol use disorder was measured using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-10). Binary logistic regression analysis was performed. The prevalence of alcohol use disorder was found to be 24.5%. Those affected were predominantly female (58.5%). Being18-29 years of age(AOR=3.86, 95% CI: 1.34, 11.29), being 30-44 years of age (AOR=4.99, 95%CI: 1.85, 13.46), being unable to read and write (AOR=5.58, 95%CI: 2.026, 13.650), having a secondary education (AOR=3.198, 95%CI: 1.149, 8.906), being a farmer (AOR=4.54, 95%CI: 1.67, 12.32), being employed by the government (AOR=3.53, 95%CI: 1.36, 4.15), being a day labourer (AOR=3.5, 95%CI: 1.14, 10.77), use of other substances during past 12 months (AOR=2.06, 95%CI: 1.06, 3.99), having a family history of alcohol use (AOR=2.18, 95%CI: 1.29, 3.68), having discontinued medication (AOR=2.78, 95%CI: 1.52, 5.07), having suicidal thoughts (AOR=4.56, 95%CI: 2.43, 8.54), and having attempted suicide (AOR=5.67, 95%CI: 3.27, 9.81) were statistically significant to alcohol use disorder using multivariate logistic analysis. The prevalence of co-morbid alcohol use disorder was high. This finding suggests that screening for risky alcohol use should be integrated into routine hospital outpatient care. Further, preventive measures against alcohol use disorder should be established.

Preliminary Effectiveness of Remotely Monitored Blood Alcohol Concentration Device as Treatment Modality (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank D. Buono ◽  
Colette M. Greed ◽  
Martin Boldin ◽  
Allison Aviles ◽  
Natalie Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Blood Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Treatment Motivation ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Limited Effectiveness ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
The Impact

UNSTRUCTURED Alcohol use disorder is a chronic disorder with a high likelihood of relapse. Consistent monitoring of blood alcohol concentration through breathalyzers is critical to identifying relapse or misuse. Smartphone applications as a replacement of, or in conjunction with breathalyzers, have shown limited effectiveness. Therefore, the purpose of this research protocol manuscript is to evaluate the usage and acceptability of a wireless blood alcohol concentration device in collaboration with a long-term treatment facility to assess increased sobriety for patients with alcohol use disorder. The randomized clinical trial will be across two arms, access to the wireless breathalyzer versus no access to the breathalyzer, while both groups have access to treatment. Evaluation will last three months with a six week-follow up, during which each participant will be interviewed at admission, 1 month in, 2 months in, 3 months in and follow-up. Outcomes will focus on the acceptability of the wireless breathalyzer within the alcohol use disorder population and the impact of quality-of-life measures and clinical features on treatment motivation. In addition, we intend to identify the participants’ experiences in relationship to their treatment satisfaction and perceived support.

Fluoxetine in adolescents with comorbid major depression and an alcohol use disorder: a 3-year follow-up study

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack R. Cornelius ◽  
Duncan B. Clark ◽  
Oscar G. Bukstein ◽  
Thomas M. Kelly ◽  
Ihsan M. Salloum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Follow Up Study
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