Nociceptive stimuli responses at different levels of general anaesthesia and genetic variability

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. STORM ◽  
R. STØEN ◽  
P. KLEPSTAD ◽  
F. SKORPEN ◽  
E. QVIGSTAD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Different Levels

scholarly journals Genetic and no genetic variability of two-year old seedlings of 13 hybrid plane half-sib lines

2005 ◽  
pp. 69-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radmila Knezevic ◽  
Mirjana Sijacic-Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Hybrid Sterility ◽  
Soil Humidity ◽  
Frequent Mutations ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Partial Hybrid

This paper presents the results of the analysis of variability of 8 analyzed morph metric parameters in two-year old seedlings of 13 half-sib lines at different levels. The recorded genetic and no genetic variability is conditioned by numerous different factors. The important causes of genetic variability are: partial incompatibility of parent trees, partial hybrid sterility, predominant inbreeding, frequent mutations with the growth of parent trees, very abundant gene recombination's, etc. The causes of no genetic seedling variability are: external environmental conditions (soil humidity, conditions of cultivation, sylvotechnical interventions, etc) and the internal or the somatic environment of seedling.

scholarly journals Hygienic Behaviour of Honeybee Colonies with Different Levels of Polyandry and Genotypic Composition

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Gerula ◽  
Paweł Węgrzynowicz ◽  
Beata Panasiuk ◽  
Małgorzata Bieńkowska ◽  
Wojciech Skowronek
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
Hygienic Behaviour ◽  
Apis Mellifera Carnica ◽  
Lower Variability ◽  
Honey Bee Queens ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Honey bee queens were inseminated with diluted, homogenised semen collected from a few dozen drones. This procedure was carried out to increase the diversity of the queens’ offspring, which is in comparison to the offspring of queens inseminated with semen from only a few drones coming from one colony. Queens and drones were mated within carniolan bee (Apis mellifera carnica) subspecies, but 3 selected lines were used. Queens were reared from one line and drones from the same line, and two additional lines differing in hygienic behaviour wherein in one of them that trait was strongly evident. The aim of this study was to examine whether the level of enhanced genetic variability in colonies and simultaneously the participation of hygienic bees, would increase the performance of hygienic behaviour. Overall hygienic behaviour of colonies with a lower and greater genetic variability did not differ significantly and amounted to 52.1 and 47.0%, respectively. Colonies within the lower variability group, in which drones from line selected in hygienic behaviour performance were used for inseminating queens, had a significantly greater percent of cleaned pupae than other colonies (63.2%). Hygienic behaviour in other colonies was more dependent on the gene quotas of hygienic bees in the colonies rather than on the level of polyandry.

scholarly journals Evolutionary design of regulatory control. II. Robust error-correcting feedback increases genetic and phenotypic variability

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Control Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Robust Systems ◽  
Different Levels

As systems become more robust against perturbations, they can compensate for greater sloppiness in the performance of their components. That robust compensation reduces the force of natural selection on the system’s components, leading to component decay. The paradoxical coupling of robustness and decay predicts that robust systems evolve cheaper, lower performing components, which accumulate greater mutational genetic variability and which have greater phenotypic stochasticity in trait expression. Previous work noted the paradox of robustness. However, no general theory for the evolutionary dynamics of system robustness and component decay has been developed. This article takes a first step by linking engineering control theory with the genetic theory of evolutionary dynamics. Control theory emphasizes error-correcting feedback as the single greatest principle in robust system design. Linking control theory to evolution leads to a theory for the evolutionary dynamics of error-correcting feedback, a unifying approach for the evolutionary analysis of robust systems. In this article, I study how, in theory, increasingly robust systems accumulate more genetic variability and greater stochasticity of expression in their components. The theory predicts different levels of variability between different regulatory control architectures and different levels of variability between different components within a particular regulatory control system. Those predictions provide a way to understand the accumulating data on genetic variability and single-cell stochasticity of gene expression. I also show that increasing robustness reduces the frequency of system failures associated with disease and, simultaneously, causes a strong increase in the heritability of disease. Thus, robust error correction in biological regulatory control may partly explain the puzzlingly high heritability of disease and, more generally, the surprisingly high heritability of fitness.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY OF ISOLATES OF Colletotrichum spp. IN BANANA

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMANDA LETÍCIA DA SILVEIRA ◽  
MARIA GILMARA DE OLIVEIRA SOARES ◽  
LUCAS SILVEIRA LOPES ◽  
JULIANA STRACIERI ◽  
EDUARDO ALVES
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Colletotrichum Spp ◽  
Issr Pcr ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACT Colletotrichum spp. is a pathogenic fungus of great importance in banana cultivation since it affects the fruit both in the field and in the post-harvest period, depreciating its commercial value. Although this disease is widely distributed in regions of banana cultivation, the different levels of aggression suggest the existence of genetic variability among Colletotrichum spp. isolates. The objective of the present study was therefore to verify the genetic diversity of Colletotrichum spp. in banana fruits presenting anthracnose symptoms using both molecular marker ISSR and morphological characterization. We obtained 30 isolates of the fungus from banana fruits from different states of Brazil and performed molecular characterization with five primers using the ISSR-PCR technique. The results were used to construct a dendrogram, relating the isolates according to their genetic proximity. The morphocultural characterization was performed by analyzing colony coloration and growth rate. These methods allowed us to reveal genetic and morphocultural variability among isolates.

scholarly journals Genetic variability in the promoter region of TNF-α gene in the reservoir of Junin virus, Calomys musculinus (Rodentia, Cricetidae)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina B. Chiappero ◽  
Imanol Cabaña ◽  
Gladys E. Calderón ◽  
Cristina N. Gardenal
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Junin Virus ◽  
Argentine Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Calomys Musculinus ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Junín Virus ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractIn this study, we assessed the genetic variability of the promoter region of TNF-α gene in three natural populations of the cricetid rodent Calomys musculinus. This species is the natural reservoir of Junin virus, the etiological agent of Argentine Hemorrhagic fever. We found different levels of variability and varying signatures of natural selection in populations with different epidemiological histories.

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