Epidemiology, identification and disease management of grape black rot and potentially useful metabolites of black rot pathogens for industrial applications - a review

2014 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Molitor ◽  
M. Beyer
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Grape Black Rot

Use of systems analysis to develop plant disease models based on literature data: grape black-rot as a case-study

2014 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Rossi ◽  
Giovanni Onesti ◽  
Sara E. Legler ◽  
Tito Caffi
Keyword(s):  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Disease Models ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Grape Black Rot

scholarly journals Development of glycine-copper(ii) hydroxide nanoparticles with improved biosafety for sustainable plant disease management

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (36) ◽  
pp. 21222-21227
Author(s):  
Hongqiang Dong ◽  
Renci Xiong ◽  
You Liang ◽  
Gang Tang ◽  
Jiale Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Plant Disease Management

The prepared Gly-Cu(OH)2 NPs could significantly reduce the severity of bacterial black rot and had no effect on phytotoxicity.

scholarly journals Composition and evaluation of a novel web-based decision support system for grape black rot control

2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 785-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Molitor ◽  
Barbara Augenstein ◽  
Laura Mugnai ◽  
Pietro Antonello Rinaldi ◽  
Jorge Sofia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Grape Black Rot

scholarly journals Assessing the Role of Temperature, Inoculum Density, and Wounding on Disease Progression of the Fungal Pathogen Ceratocystis fimbriata Causing Black Rot in Sweetpotato

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 930-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stahr ◽  
L. M. Quesada-Ocampo
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Inoculum Density ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Ceratocystis Fimbriata

In 2014, Ceratocystis fimbriata, causal agent of black rot in sweetpotato, reemerged and inflicted large financial losses on growers in the United States. Black rot continues to damage sweetpotatoes and has become a priority to the industry since then. In contrast, little is known about the biology of C. fimbriata and the epidemiology of sweetpotato black rot. In this study, effects of environmental factors such as inoculum density, RH, and temperature on sweetpotato black rot were determined. Cured sweetpotatoes were wounded with a toothpick to simulate puncture wounds, inoculated with different spore suspensions (inoculum density) (104, 105, or 106 spores/ml), and incubated under different RH (85.53, 94.09, or 97.01%) and temperature (13, 18, 23, 29, or 35°C) for 21 days. In a separate experiment, five root wounding types (cuts, punctures, abrasions, end breaks, and macerating bruises) were compared. All wounded roots were subsequently soaked in a 103 spores/ml suspension and incubated at 100% RH and 23°C for 21 days. This study found 29 and 23°C to be the optimal temperature for black rot disease development and sporulation, respectively. No pathogen growth was observed at 13 and 35°C. Increased inoculum density significantly (P < 0.0001) increased disease incidence, but increasing RH had an effect only on sporulation area. All wound types resulted in increased disease incidence and sporulation as early as 7 days postinoculation. Our results highlight the importance of characterizing factors that affect disease development for achieving successful disease management strategies. Findings from this study will be used to improve disease management for sweetpotato black rot by suggesting tighter regulation of curing and storage conditions and better postharvest handling of sweetpotato roots to avoid unnecessary wounding.

scholarly journals A Cumulative Degree-Day-Based Model to Calculate the Duration of the Incubation Period of Guignardia bidwellii

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 1054-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Molitor ◽  
Cathleen Fruehauf ◽  
Ottmar Baus ◽  
Beate Berkelmann-Loehnertz
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Present Model ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Phenological Stage ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Fungal Development ◽  
Guignardia Bidwellii ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Grape Black Rot

The duration of the incubation period of Guignardia bidwellii on leaves and clusters of Vitis vinifera strongly correlates to temperature. To describe this relationship mathematically, a new, cumulative degreeday- based model was developed. According to this model, first symptoms on leaves appear after reaching a threshold of 175 cumulative degree-days (calculated as the sum of average daily temperatures between 6 and 24°C starting on the day after the infection). On clusters, the duration of the incubation period is additionally affected by their respective developmental stages. For ‘Riesling’, the duration of the incubation period on clusters corresponds to the duration on leaves until reaching the phenological stage “berries beginning to touch“ but extends continuously with ongoing phenological development. Therefore, a correction factor recognizing cluster phenology was derived to calculate the cumulative degree-day thresholds for the occurrence of first symptoms on clusters after reaching “majority of berries touching”. Hence, this present model allows the estimation of fungal development and forecasts the appearance of new symptoms on leaves as well as on clusters, enabling growers to more precisely schedule curative as well as protective fungicide applications against grape black rot.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Efficacy of Myclobutanil and Azoxystrobin for Control of Grape Black Rot

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Emele Hoffman ◽  
Wayne F. Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Black Rot ◽  
Alternative Respiration ◽  
Complete Control ◽  
Guignardia Bidwellii ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Grape Black Rot ◽  
History Of ◽  
Commercial Vineyard ◽  
Strobilurin Fungicide

We studied several factors influencing the efficacy of the demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicide myclobutanil and the strobilurin fungicide azoxystrobin for control of grape black rot, caused by the pathogen Guignardia bidwellii (anamorph Phyllosticta ampelicida). The distribution of sensitivities to myclobutanil among G. bidwellii isolates from an “organic” vineyard (no previous exposure to synthetic fungicides, n = 50) and from a commercial vineyard with a history of DMI applications (n = 60) was determined in vitro. There was little difference between the two populations, and the range of sensitivities was narrow; for the composite population of 110 isolates, the value of the mean effective dose for 50% inhibition (ED50) was 0.04 mg/liter, and the most- and least-sensitive isolates were separated by a factor of 16. When applied from 2 to 6 days after inoculating grape seedlings with a suspension containing either 2 × 104 or 1 × 106 conidia per ml, myclobutanil (60 mg/liter) provided complete control of lesion development. When applied beyond 6 days after inoculation but prior to lesion appearance (9 to 11 days after inoculation, depending on temperature), it provided complete control of pycnidium production in those lesions that developed subsequently. In contrast, when applied 2 to 10 days after inoculation with 2 × 104 conidia per ml, azoxystrobin (128 mg/liter) provided only 78 to 63% control of lesion formation and erratic control of pycnidium formation, although conidium production was reduced by 85 to 68% across this range of treatments. Relatively little control was provided by azoxystrobin treatments following inoculation with 1 × 106 conidia per ml. On leaf disks treated with azoxystrobin at 20 mg/liter prior to inoculation, 8 to 43% of conidia from five G. bidwellii isolates germinated, and 4 to 19% formed appressoria. However, these processes were completely to near-completely inhibited when salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM), which inhibits an alternative respiration pathway utilized to circumvent the activity of strobilurin fungicides, was added to the inoculum at 100 mg/liter. Thus, alternative respiration apparently allowed the conidia to germinate and form appressoria on azoxystrobin-treated leaves. When grape seedlings were sprayed with commercially formulated azoxystrobin at 200 mg/liter and inoculated the next day with G. bidwellii conidia, little or no disease was evident 4 weeks later. However, G. bidwellii pycnidia formed on up to 50% of the leaves from such plants when they were killed with paraquat 1 to 7 days after inoculation. These results suggest that latent infections became established on azoxystrobin-treated leaves and became active after the plants were killed with paraquat.

Protective and curative grape black rot control potential of pyraclostrobin and myclobutanil

2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Molitor ◽  
Ottmar Baus ◽  
Beate Berkelmann-Löhnertz
Keyword(s):  
Black Rot ◽  
Control Potential ◽  
Grape Black Rot
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