Algorithms to Energy-Efficiently Select a Server for a General Process in a Scalable Cluster

How Do Machines Learn? Artificial Intelligence as a New Era in Medicine

Journal of Personalized Medicine ◽

10.3390/jpm11010032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

Oliwia Koteluk ◽

Adrian Wartecki ◽

Sylwia Mazurek ◽

Iga Kołodziejczak ◽

Andrzej Mackiewicz

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Machine Learning ◽

Health Care ◽

Medical Data ◽

General Process ◽

New Era ◽

Automated Evaluation ◽

Machine Learning Applications ◽

And Training ◽

Current Standards

With an increased number of medical data generated every day, there is a strong need for reliable, automated evaluation tools. With high hopes and expectations, machine learning has the potential to revolutionize many fields of medicine, helping to make faster and more correct decisions and improving current standards of treatment. Today, machines can analyze, learn, communicate, and understand processed data and are used in health care increasingly. This review explains different models and the general process of machine learning and training the algorithms. Furthermore, it summarizes the most useful machine learning applications and tools in different branches of medicine and health care (radiology, pathology, pharmacology, infectious diseases, personalized decision making, and many others). The review also addresses the futuristic prospects and threats of applying artificial intelligence as an advanced, automated medicine tool.

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Populism and the rational choice model: The case of the French National Front

Rationality and Society ◽

10.1177/1043463121995969 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104346312199596

Author(s):

François Facchini ◽

Louis Jaeck

Keyword(s):

Political Party ◽

General Model ◽

Choice Model ◽

Right Wing ◽

Utility Model ◽

National Front ◽

General Process ◽

Expressive Voting ◽

Rational Choice Model ◽

Political Norms

This article proposes a general model of partisan political dealignment based on the theory of expressive voting. It is based on the Riker and Odershook equation. Voters cast a ballot for a political party if the utility associated with expressing their support for it is more than their expressive costs. Expressive utility is modeled here as a certain utility model. Then, the model is applied to the rise of voting support in favor of French right-wing populists, the National Front (FN). We show that the fall of justification costs of FN ideology along with the decline in stigmatization costs of voting in favor of the extreme right has fostered the popularity of this party. Political dealignment here is only a particular case of a general process of political norms transgression inherited by each voter.

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The Dimension of the Body in Higher Education: Matrix of Meanings in Students’ Diaries

Human Arenas ◽

10.1007/s42087-021-00206-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ramiro Tau ◽

Laure Kloetzer ◽

Simon Henein

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Performing Arts ◽

Teaching And Learning ◽

Educational Practice ◽

The Body ◽

Cultural Perspective ◽

General Process ◽

Emotional Dimension ◽

The Matrix ◽

The Mind

AbstractIn this paper, we attempt to show some consequences of bringing the body back into higher education, through the use of performing arts in the curricular context of scientific programs. We start by arguing that dominant traditions in higher education reproduced the mind-body dualism that shaped the social matrix of meanings on knowledge transmission. We highlight the limits of the modern disembodied and decontextualized reason and suggest that, considering the students’ and teachers’ bodies as non-relevant aspects, or even obstacles, leads to the invisibilization of fundamental aspects involved in teaching and learning processes. We thus conducted a study, from a socio-cultural perspective, in which we analyse the emerging matrix of meanings given to the body and bodily engagement by students, through a systematic qualitative analysis of 47 personal diaries. We structured the results and the discussion around five interpretative axes: (1) the production of diaries enables historicization, while the richness of bodily experience expands the boundaries of diaries into non-textual modalities; (2) curricular context modulates the emergent meanings of the body; (3) physical and symbolic spaces guide the matrix of bodily meanings; (4) the bodily dimension of the courses facilitates the emergence of an emotional dimension to get in touch with others and to register one's own emotional experiences; and (5) the body functions as a condition for biographical continuity. These axes are discussed under the light of the general process of consciousness-raising and resignification of the situated body in the educational practice.

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Cure Kinetics Modeling of a High Glass Transition Temperature Epoxy Molding Compound (EMC) Based on Inline Dielectric Analysis

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13111734 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 1734

Author(s):

Erick Franieck ◽

Martin Fleischmann ◽

Ole Hölck ◽

Larysa Kutuzova ◽

Andreas Kandelbauer

Keyword(s):

Glass Transition ◽

Transition Temperature ◽

Glass Transition Temperature ◽

Kinetic Parameters ◽

Measurement Techniques ◽

Process Conditions ◽

Dielectric Analysis ◽

High Glass Transition Temperature ◽

General Process ◽

Molding Compound

We report on the cure characterization, based on inline monitoring of the dielectric parameters, of a commercially available epoxy phenol resin molding compound with a high glass transition temperature (>195 °C), which is suitable for the direct packaging of electronic components. The resin was cured under isothermal temperatures close to general process conditions (165–185 °C). The material conversion was determined by measuring the ion viscosity. The change of the ion viscosity as a function of time and temperature was used to characterize the cross-linking behavior, following two separate approaches (model based and isoconversional). The determined kinetic parameters are in good agreement with those reported in the literature for EMCs and lead to accurate cure predictions under process-near conditions. Furthermore, the kinetic models based on dielectric analysis (DEA) were compared with standard offline differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) models, which were based on dynamic measurements. Many of the determined kinetic parameters had similar values for the different approaches. Major deviations were found for the parameters linked to the end of the reaction where vitrification phenomena occur under process-related conditions. The glass transition temperature of the inline molded parts was determined via thermomechanical analysis (TMA) to confirm the vitrification effect. The similarities and differences between the resulting kinetics models of the two different measurement techniques are presented and it is shown how dielectric analysis can be of high relevance for the characterization of the curing reaction under conditions close to series production.

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Indicative Marker Microbiome Structures Deduced from the Taxonomic Inventory of 67 Full-Scale Anaerobic Digesters of 49 Agricultural Biogas Plants

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9071457 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 1457

Author(s):

Julia Hassa ◽

Johanna Klang ◽

Dirk Benndorf ◽

Marcel Pohl ◽

Benedikt Hülsemann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stable Process ◽

Process Condition ◽

Full Scale ◽

Process Models ◽

Process Efficiency ◽

Process Conditions ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

General Process ◽

Specific Distribution ◽

Biogas Plants

There are almost 9500 biogas plants in Germany, which are predominantly operated with energy crops and residues from livestock husbandry over the last two decades. In the future, biogas plants must be enabled to use a much broader range of input materials in a flexible and demand-oriented manner. Hence, the microbial communities will be exposed to frequently varying process conditions, while an overall stable process must be ensured. To accompany this transition, there is the need to better understand how biogas microbiomes respond to management measures and how these responses affect the process efficiency. Therefore, 67 microbiomes originating from 49 agricultural, full-scale biogas plants were taxonomically investigated by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. These microbiomes were separated into three distinct clusters and one group of outliers, which are characterized by a specific distribution of 253 indicative taxa and their relative abundances. These indicative taxa seem to be adapted to specific process conditions which result from a different biogas plant operation. Based on these results, it seems to be possible to deduce/assess the general process condition of a biogas digester based solely on the microbiome structure, in particular on the distribution of specific indicative taxa, and without knowing the corresponding operational and chemical process parameters. Perspectively, this could allow the development of detection systems and advanced process models considering the microbial diversity.

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Stochastic phonological knowledge: the case of Hungarian vowel harmony

Phonology ◽

10.1017/s0952675706000765 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 59-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 90

Author(s):

Bruce Hayes ◽

Zsuzsa Cziráky Londe

Keyword(s):

Web Search ◽

Native Speakers ◽

Vowel Harmony ◽

Generation Model ◽

General Process ◽

Phonological Knowledge ◽

Statistical Variation ◽

Take Back ◽

Back Vowel ◽

Dual Listing

In Hungarian, stems ending in a back vowel plus one or more neutral vowels show unusual behaviour: for such stems, the otherwise general process of vowel harmony is lexically idiosyncratic. Particular stems can take front suffixes, take back suffixes or vacillate. Yet at a statistical level, the patterning among these stems is lawful: in the aggregate, they obey principles that relate the propensity to take back or front harmony to the height of the rightmost vowel and to the number of neutral vowels. We argue that this patterned statistical variation in the Hungarian lexicon is internalised by native speakers. Our evidence is that they replicate the pattern when they are asked to apply harmony to novel stems in a ‘wug’ test (Berko 1958). Our test results match quantitative data about the Hungarian lexicon, gathered with an automated Web search. We model the speakers' knowledge and intuitions with a grammar based on the dual listing/generation model of Zuraw (2000), then show how the constraint rankings of this grammar can be learned by algorithm.

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Knowing by Doing: The Role of Geometrical Practice in Aristotle’s Theory of Knowledge

Elenchos ◽

10.1515/elen-2015-360103 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 45-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Monica Ugaglia

Keyword(s):

Scientific Knowledge ◽

Theory Of Knowledge ◽

States Of Mind ◽

General Process ◽

The Real ◽

Analogical Model ◽

Primary Function ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Way

Abstract Aristotle’s way of conceiving the relationship between mathematics and other branches of scientific knowledge is completely different from the way a contemporary scientist conceives it. This is one of the causes of the fact that we look at the mathematical passages we find in Aristotle’s works with the wrong expectation. We expect to find more or less stringent proofs, while for the most part Aristotle employs mere analogies. Indeed, this is the primary function of mathematics when employed in a philosophical context: not a demonstrative tool, but a purely analogical model. In the case of the geometrical examples discussed in this paper, the diagrams are not conceived as part of a formalized proof, but as a work in progress. Aristotle is not interested in the final diagram but in the construction viewed in its process of development; namely in the figure a geometer draws, and gradually modifies, when he tries to solve a problem. The way in which the geometer makes use of the elements of his diagram, and the relation between these elements and his inner state of knowledge is the real feature which interests Aristotle. His goal is to use analogy in order to give the reader an idea of the states of mind involved in a more general process of knowing.

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A general process for in situ formation of functional surface layers on ceramics

Nature ◽

10.1038/416064a ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 416 (6876) ◽

pp. 64-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 100

Author(s):

Toshihiro Ishikawa ◽

Hiroyuki Yamaoka ◽

Yoshikatsu Harada ◽

Teruaki Fujii ◽

Toshio Nagasawa

Keyword(s):

Functional Surface ◽

Surface Layers ◽

General Process ◽

In Situ Formation

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The Crown in National Disguises: The Uses of Monarchy’s Historical Past in Spanish Nation-Building, 1833–1868

Nationalities Papers ◽

10.1017/nps.2020.86 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

David San Narciso

Keyword(s):

19Th Century ◽

Sense Of Belonging ◽

Nation Building ◽

General Process ◽

The 19Th Century ◽

Historical Past ◽

Vast Range

Abstract The competing ideologies of nation and monarchy had a troubled beginning in the 19th century, insomuch as they derived partly from two opposing sources of legitimacy. However, from the 1830s on, their supporters achieved the establishment of an interspecific and mutually advantageous relationship. The nation gradually managed to prevail over the monarchy, justifying its presence in national terms. However, the monarchy possessed something longed for by liberal nationalists: historical legitimacy. Thus, the crown served Romantic nationalism in its search for national foundations and to generate national emotions of a collective sense of belonging. This article analyses this process by focusing on the Spanish case and using a vast range of cultural sources. I reason that the monarchy’s history was intensively used in Isabel II’s reign (1833–1868), both by the monarch herself as well as nationalist elites, to legitimate and justify their presence in the liberal world. The article is divided into three sections. The first part locates the problem into a general process that touched all the crowned heads of Europe. The second section studies the appeal of exemplary medieval monarchs in the liberal hunt for national roots. The final one focuses on the particular case of Isabel the Catholic because of the remarkable prominence it acquired.

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