A system for the complementary visualization of 3D volume images using 2D and 3D binaurally processed sonification representations

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Rossiter ◽  
Wai-Yin Ng
Keyword(s):  
3D Volume ◽  
2D And 3D

scholarly journals The agreement between 3D, standard 2D and triplane 2D speckle tracking: effects of image quality and 3D volume rate

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tudor Trache ◽  
Stephan Stöbe ◽  
Adrienn Tarr ◽  
Dietrich Pfeiffer ◽  
Andreas Hagendorff
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Motion Patterns ◽  
Volume Rate ◽  
2D Speckle Tracking ◽  
Wall Motion Abnormalities ◽  
3D Volume ◽  
2D And 3D

Comparison of 3D and 2D speckle tracking performed on standard 2D and triplane 2D datasets of normal and pathological left ventricular (LV) wall-motion patterns with a focus on the effect that 3D volume rate (3DVR), image quality and tracking artifacts have on the agreement between 2D and 3D speckle tracking. 37 patients with normal LV function and 18 patients with ischaemic wall-motion abnormalities underwent 2D and 3D echocardiography, followed by offline speckle tracking measurements. The values of 3D global, regional and segmental strain were compared with the standard 2D and triplane 2D strain values. Correlation analysis with the LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was also performed. The 3D and 2D global strain values correlated good in both normally and abnormally contracting hearts, though systematic differences between the two methods were observed. Of the 3D strain parameters, the area strain showed the best correlation with the LVEF. The numerical agreement of 3D and 2D analyses varied significantly with the volume rate and image quality of the 3D datasets. The highest correlation between 2D and 3D peak systolic strain values was found between 3D area and standard 2D longitudinal strain. Regional wall-motion abnormalities were similarly detected by 2D and 3D speckle tracking. 2DST of triplane datasets showed similar results to those of conventional 2D datasets. 2D and 3D speckle tracking similarly detect normal and pathological wall-motion patterns. Limited image quality has a significant impact on the agreement between 3D and 2D numerical strain values.

Noise suppression in 2D and 3D seismic data with data-driven sifting algorithms

Geophysics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. V1-V10
Author(s):  
Julián L. Gómez ◽  
Danilo R. Velis ◽  
Juan I. Sabbione
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Noise Suppression ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Time Slice ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Coherent Noise ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Amplitude Data ◽  
3D Volume ◽  
2D And 3D

We have developed an empirical-mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm for effective suppression of random and coherent noise in 2D and 3D seismic amplitude data. Unlike other EMD-based methods for seismic data processing, our approach does not involve the time direction in the computation of the signal envelopes needed for the iterative sifting process. Instead, we apply the sifting algorithm spatially in the inline-crossline plane. At each time slice, we calculate the upper and lower signal envelopes by means of a filter whose length is adapted dynamically at each sifting iteration according to the spatial distribution of the extrema. The denoising of a 3D volume is achieved by removing the most oscillating modes of each time slice from the noisy data. We determine the performance of the algorithm by using three public-domain poststack field data sets: one 2D line of the well-known Alaska 2D data set, available from the US Geological Survey; a subset of the Penobscot 3D volume acquired offshore by the Nova Scotia Department of Energy, Canada; and a subset of the Stratton 3D land data from South Texas, available from the Bureau of Economic Geology at the University of Texas at Austin. The results indicate that random and coherent noise, such as footprint signatures, can be mitigated satisfactorily, enhancing the reflectors with negligible signal leakage in most cases. Our method, called empirical-mode filtering (EMF), yields improved results compared to other 2D and 3D techniques, such as [Formula: see text] EMD filter, [Formula: see text] deconvolution, and [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] adaptive prediction filtering. EMF exploits the flexibility of EMD on seismic data and is presented as an efficient and easy-to-apply alternative for denoising seismic data with mild to moderate structural complexity.

scholarly journals 3D Medical Volume Segmentation Using Hybrid Multiresolution Statistical Approaches

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadi AlZu'bi ◽  
Abbes Amira
Keyword(s):  
Multiresolution Analysis ◽  
Markov Models ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Volume Segmentation ◽  
Statistical Approaches ◽  
3D Volume ◽  
2D And 3D

3D volume segmentation is the process of partitioning voxels into 3D regions (subvolumes) that represent meaningful physical entities which are more meaningful and easier to analyze and usable in future applications. Multiresolution Analysis (MRA) enables the preservation of an image according to certain levels of resolution or blurring. Because of multiresolution quality, wavelets have been deployed in image compression, denoising, and classification. This paper focuses on the implementation of efficient medical volume segmentation techniques. Multiresolution analysis including 3D wavelet and ridgelet has been used for feature extraction which can be modeled using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) to segment the volume slices. A comparison study has been carried out to evaluate 2D and 3D techniques which reveals that 3D methodologies can accurately detect the Region Of Interest (ROI). Automatic segmentation has been achieved using HMMs where the ROI is detected accurately but suffers a long computation time for its calculations.

scholarly journals A ubiquitous illusion of volume: Are impressions of 3D volume captured by an ‘Additive Heuristic’?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Bennette ◽  
Frank Keil ◽  
Sami Yousif
Keyword(s):  
Size Perception ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
True Difference ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
3D Volume ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Empirical Approaches ◽  
General Explanation

Several empirical approaches have attempted to explain perception of 2D and 3D size. While these approaches have documented interesting perceptual effects, they fail to offer a compelling, general explanation of everyday size perception. Here, we offer one. Building on prior work documenting an ‘Additive Area Heuristic’ by which observers estimate perceived area by summing objects’ dimensions, we show that this same principle — an ‘additive heuristic’ — explains impressions of 3D volume. Observers consistently discriminate sets that vary in ‘additive volume’, even when there is no true difference; they also sometimes fail to discriminate sets that truly differ (even by amounts as much as 200%) when they are equated in ‘additive volume’. However, this heuristic also has limits: when volume varies to large extents, observers may rely on both ‘additive’ and true, mathematical volume to make volume judgments. These results suggest a failure to properly integrate multiple spatial dimensions, and frequent reliance on a perceptual heuristic instead.

scholarly journals A Ubiquitous Illusion of Volume: Are Impressions of 3D Volume Captured by an “Additive Heuristic”?

Perception ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 462-469
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Bennette ◽  
Frank C. Keil ◽  
Sami R. Yousif
Keyword(s):  
Size Perception ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
True Difference ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
3D Volume ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Empirical Approaches ◽  
General Explanation

Several empirical approaches have attempted to explain perception of 2D and 3D size. While these approaches have documented interesting perceptual effects, they fail to offer a compelling, general explanation of everyday size perception. Here, we offer one. Building on prior work documenting an “Additive Area Heuristic” by which observers estimate perceived area by summing objects’ dimensions, we show that this same principle—an “additive heuristic”—explains impressions of 3D volume. Observers consistently discriminate sets that vary in “additive volume,” even when there is no true difference; they also fail to discriminate sets that truly differ (even by amounts as much as 30%) when they are equated in “additive volume.” These results suggest a failure to properly integrate multiple spatial dimensions, and frequent reliance on a perceptual heuristic instead.

scholarly journals View-Volume Network for Semantic Scene Completion from a Single Depth Image

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxiao Guo ◽  
Xin Tong
Keyword(s):  
Computational Cost ◽  
Depth Map ◽  
Depth Image ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Semantic Scene ◽  
3D Scene ◽  
3D Volume ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
3D Representations

We introduce a View-Volume convolutional neural network (VVNet) for inferring the occupancy and semantic labels of a volumetric 3D scene from a single depth image. Our method extracts the detailed geometric features from the input depth image with a 2D view CNN and then projects the features into a 3D volume according to the input depth map via a projection layer. After that, we learn the 3D context information of the scene with a 3D volume CNN for computing the result volumetric occupancy and semantic labels. With combined 2D and 3D representations, the VVNet efficiently reduces the computational cost, enables feature extraction from multi-channel high resolution inputs, and thus significantly improve the result accuracy. We validate our method and demonstrate its efficiency and effectiveness on both synthetic SUNCG and real NYU dataset. 

scholarly journals Comparison of the Dosimetric Influence of Applicator Displacement on 2D and 3D Brachytherapy for Cervical Cancer Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 153303382110412
Author(s):  
Ailin Wu ◽  
Du Tang ◽  
Aidong Wu ◽  
Yunqin Liu ◽  
Liting Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Organs At Risk ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Posterior Direction ◽  
3D Volume ◽  
The Right ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Dose Change ◽  
Anterior Posterior

To compare the dosimetric influence of applicator displacement on two-dimensional brachytherapy (2D-BT) and three-dimensional brachytherapy (3D-BT) for cervical cancer. Nineteen patients who received computed tomography-guided tandem-and-ovoid (T&O) brachytherapy were retrospectively selected. Both 2D (point-based) and 3D (volume-based) plans with and without virtual applicator displacement in the 3 axes were created for each patient. Dose changes at point A, D90 of the high-risk clinical target volume (HR-CTV) and intermediate-risk CTV (IR-CTV), and the D0.1cc, D1cc, D2cc, and D5cc of organs-at-risk (OARs) caused by applicator displacement were evaluated. Both 2D-BT and 3D-BT plans were sensitive to T&O applicator displacement. The D90 of the CTV and the dose at point A were very sensitive to applicator displacement in the right–left direction ( X-axis). An applicator shift of >2 mm in the X-axis resulted in a change of >5% in the dose at point A and D90 of HR-CTV and IR-CTV. In addition, the doses to the OARs were mostly affected by applicator displacement in the anterior–posterior direction ( Z-axis). A displacement of <1.5 mm in the Z-axis was required to avoid a dose change of >10% for OARs. For both 2D-BT and 3D-BT plans, T&O displacement greater than  ± 2 mm in the X-axis or T&O applicator displacement  ± 1.5 mm in the Z-axis resulted in significant dose changes to the tumor and OARs. In comparison with 3D-BT plans, 2D-BT plans delivered a higher dose to the tumor, and the OARs received more undesirable doses when applicator displacement occurred. The influence of applicator displacement on the doses to the tumor and OARs differed between 2D-BT and 3D-BT. Physicians should take individual patient differences into account when selecting a brachytherapy plan to mitigate the influence of applicator displacement.

3D Volume Assessment of a Cornual Heterotopic Double Anembryonic Gestation and Response to Methotrexate Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 289-296
Author(s):  
Rebecca Hall ◽  
Francis W. Byrn ◽  
Stephanie Philippides
Keyword(s):  
Volume Assessment ◽  
Methotrexate Treatment ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies ◽  
3D Volume ◽  
Laboratory Changes ◽  
2D And 3D

A pregnancy developing in the cornu is rare and accounts for less than 1% to 4% of ectopic pregnancies. This case describes a cornual heterotopic gestation occurring as a first pregnancy where both gestational sacs were anembryonic. Presented are subsequent 2D and 3D sonographic findings with laboratory changes following treatment in an ectopic systemic methotrexate protocol.

Analysis of 2D and 3D defects associated with precipitation of Cu in silicon

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 870-871
Author(s):  
P.M. Rice ◽  
MJ. Kim ◽  
R.W. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Colony Growth ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Silicide Phase ◽  
Strain Fields ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Unknown Composition ◽  
Secondary Precipitates ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
2D And 3D

Extrinsic gettering of Cu on near-surface dislocations in Si has been the topic of recent investigation. It was shown that the Cu precipitated hetergeneously on dislocations as Cu silicide along with voids, and also with a secondary planar precipitate of unknown composition. Here we report the results of investigations of the sense of the strain fields about the large (~100 nm) silicide precipitates, and further analysis of the small (~10-20 nm) planar precipitates.Numerous dark field images were analyzed in accordance with Ashby and Brown's criteria for determining the sense of the strain fields about precipitates. While the situation is complicated by the presence of dislocations and secondary precipitates, micrographs like those shown in Fig. 1(a) and 1(b) tend to show anomalously wide strain fields with the dark side on the side of negative g, indicating the strain fields about the silicide precipitates are vacancy in nature. This is in conflict with information reported on the η'' phase (the Cu silicide phase presumed to precipitate within the bulk) whose interstitial strain field is considered responsible for the interstitial Si atoms which cause the bounding dislocation to expand during star colony growth.

Covalent organic frameworks: an ideal platform for designing ordered materials and advanced applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoyang Liu ◽  
Ke Tian Tan ◽  
Yifan Gong ◽  
Yongzhi Chen ◽  
Zhuoer Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Covalent Organic Frameworks ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Advanced Applications

Covalent organic frameworks offer a molecular platform for integrating organic units into periodically ordered yet extended 2D and 3D polymers to create topologically well-defined polygonal lattices and built-in discrete micropores and/or mesopores.

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