The Implementation of an Automatic Measurement Station for the Determination of the Calibration Intervals for a DMM

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio De Capua ◽  
Domenicantonio Grillo ◽  
Emilia Romeo
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Measurement

Automation of selected brazes' dynamic properties in high-temperatures' measurement process

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Dominik Sankowski ◽  
Marcin Bakala ◽  
Rafał Wojciechowski
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Automatic Measurement ◽  
Measurement Methodology ◽  
Joining Process ◽  
Wetting Force ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract The good quality of several manufactured components frequently depends on solidliquid interactions existing during processing. Nowadays, the research in material engineering focuses also on modern, automatic measurement methods of joining process properties, i.a. wetting force and surface tension, which allows for quantitative determination of above mentioned parameters. In the paper, the brazes’ dynamic properties in high-temperatures’ measurement methodology and the stand for automatic determination of braze’s properties, constructed and implmented within the research grant nr KBN N N519 441 839 - An integrated platform for automatic measurement of wettability and surface tension of solders at high temperatures, are widely described

Table II : Quantitative determination of carbonyl compounds at different odour sources (concentrations in ppb) Rendering plant Gelatine plant neighbourhood neighbourhood Formaldehyde 40 16 Acetaldehyde 39 24 Acetone 36 73 Prcpanal 10 -Isobutyraldehyde 10 30 Pentanal 15 19 Hexanal 3.52 Heptanal 12.5 Octanal 10.5 Nonanal 1 2 acids (figure 7). However extractions always involve a serious decrease in sensitivity, while evaporation of the extract produces a solution in 0.1-0.5 ml of solvent, and only 1 pi of it can be brought in the gas chromatograph. Therefore work is in progress to enhance sensitivity by converting acids in­ to halogenated derivatives, which can be GC-analysed with the more sensitive electron-capture detector. For thiols a similar procedure is investigated as with aldehydes. One possibility is absorption of thiols in an alkaline solution and reaction with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, yielding 2,4-dinitrofenylsulfides, which are analysed by HPLC (9). Sane improvements on removal of reagents at the one hand and on separation of sane by-products on the other hand have to be achieved in order to in­ crease the sensitivity with another factor of ten. 5. CONCLUSION The actual scope and limitations of chemical analysis of odour show that all problems can be tackled as far as emission is concerned. For iititiission measurements seme progress is necessary, but there is no essential reason why chemical analysis would be unable to attain the desired sensitivity for all types of odorants. There is no doubt that in a few years the last dif­ ficulties will be solved. In order to achieve real control of odour nui­ sance, automatic measurement is necessary on a long time basis. There again seme technical development is to be expected. Does this mean that machines are going to decide if an odour is pre­ sent or not? By no means, while the population will always be the reference, and psychophysical measurements will be necessary to make chemical analysis possible.

1986 ◽  
pp. 171-171
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Automatic Measurement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Time Basis ◽  
The One ◽  
By Products

Drill holes deflection determination for small diameter bits in wood-based materials

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 3808-3814
Author(s):  
Patryk Maciej Król
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Medium Density Fiberboard ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Automatic Measurement ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
High Class ◽  
Drill Holes ◽  
Made In

The growing interest in wood accessories has focused scientific research attention on wood cutting with small diameter tools. A problem that may arise when drilling wood is the phenomenon of wandering – when the hole is not made in the designed place. The difficulty in studying small diameter drill holes (0.5 mm to 0.9 mm) is due to the difficulty of automatic measurement. The development of an appropriate methodology may allow for the observation of this phenomenon without the need for high-class hardware and expensive software. This article presents the results of tests carried out on nearly 500 samples made of various wood-based materials (high-density fiberboard (HDF), medium-density fiberboard (MDF), chipboard, and plywood) in terms of the usefulness of the OpenCV computer vision library for the determination of wandering.

Measuring the length of objects on scanning probe microscope images using curvature detectors

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Pavel V. Gulyaev
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Measurement ◽  
Surface Curvature ◽  
Scanning Probe ◽  
Test Image ◽  
Halftone Image ◽  
Geometric Figures ◽  
Curvature Analysis ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Probe Microscope

The article is devoted to the automatic measurement of objects longitudinal dimensions on images obtained by probe microscopy. The solution of this problem can be relevant for quality control of microelectronics, nanotechnics products and materials. Existing tools for objects length measuring are compared by means of test image containing geometric figures with known dimensions. The advantages of software surface curvature detectors, intended for objects lengths measuring directly on a halftone image by forming the skeleton of an object with a surface curvature detector, are shown. A two-dimensional “Circle” detector, based on the curvature analysis of raster images line and column profilograms, was used for the measuring. The curvature was estimated based on the area of the figure bounded by the profilogram at a predefined interval. Features of measuring the length of objects using curvature maxima are considered. It is shown that the curvature detector allows to more accurately determine the lengths of objects with overlapping contours and a significant brightness range. Algorithms of the detector operation, formation of the object skeleton and determination of its length are described. The results of investigation confirming the performance of the presented algorithms are presented. Comparative analysis with existing length measurement tools, performed on magnetic disk domains and nanopolymer fibers images, showed a more correct detector operation in sceletonization of object and measuring its length.

scholarly journals Automatic Determination of Secondary Dendrite Arm Spacing in AlSi-Cast Microstructures

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2827
Author(s):  
Christian Gawert ◽  
Rüdiger Bähr
Keyword(s):  
Computation Time ◽  
Automatic Measurement ◽  
Secondary Dendrite Arm Spacing ◽  
Dendrite Arm Spacing ◽  
Aluminum Cast Alloys ◽  
Cast Alloys ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Good Agreement

A new procedure for the automatic measurement of the secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) from microscopic images is presented. The individual primary and secondary dendrite arms are identified through suitable segmentation techniques and clustered in such a way that dendritic structures are obtained suitable for SDAS measurement. The algorithms are applied to two different hypoeutectic aluminum cast alloys, and the quality of the measurements obtained is assessed through a comparison to manually measured SDAS values. A good agreement between the automated measurements and the distribution of manual measurements is found for both cast structures considered. In addition, a decrease in computation time is observed which allows for an increase in measurement density that is used to characterize the microstructures.

Spectrophotometric Determination of Nutrients Using Principal Component Regression

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rei Arai ◽  
Taichi Nishiyama ◽  
Naoki Nakatani ◽  
Taketoshi Okuno
Keyword(s):  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Principal Component Regression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Automatic Measurement ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
Water Sampling ◽  
High Concentrations

Certain environmental factors such as salinity, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll concentration can be measured by electric or optical sensors, enabling continuous and automatic measurement with high resolution in time and space. Such measurement is of great importance in the monitoring of marine environments. In order to understand the ecosystem of the sea in detail, the distribution of and changes in nutrient concentrations should be measured in terms of primary production. Generally, since seawater contains high concentrations of chloride, bromide and so on, nutrients must be extracted from these ions. Automatic measurement has therefore proven difficult, and water sampling and chemical analysis in a laboratory are required. This paper proposes a simplified method for measuring nitroxide concentration in seawater using ultraviolet spectrometry and principal component regression (PCR). The present method is shown to be superior to the conventional one since it does not require chemical processing or filtration of seawater.

Automatic Measurement and Determination of Body Condition Score of Cows Based on 3D Images Using CNN

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Shigeta ◽  
◽  
Reiichirou Ike ◽  
Hiroshi Takemura ◽  
Hayato Ohwada
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Automatic Measurement ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Two Dimensional Images

According to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan, the number of rearing houses has been decreasing in Japan in recent years due to lower business volumes. However, the number of rearing animals per house has been increasing, and in such situations, management of a herd of cows becomes very important. However, although systems such as a milking robot and an automatic feeding machine have been designed and implemented, an automatic measurement system to evaluate the body condition score (BCS), which is used for nutrition management of dairy cows, has not yet become popular. There have been many prior studies on this subject; however, none of them have succeeded in creating an inexpensive and highly accurate system that is capable of capturing images over a long period of time. The purpose of this study was to develop a system that continuously and automatically captures images of cows using a camera over a long period of time and to carry out a highly accurate determination of BCS. By attaching a three-dimensional camera to a sorting gate of a milking robot, we have developed a system that automatically captures images of cows as they pass through the gate. Data obtained from the captured images are automatically accumulated in a server. Thus, we successfully obtained a huge amount of data within two months. All parts of the image except the dairy cows were removed from the obtained three-dimensional data, and the three-dimensional data were then converted into two-dimensional images. Subsequently, the two-dimensional images were analyzed using a convolutional neural network, resulting in 89.1% of the answers being correct. When the acceptable error was ±0.25, the rate of correct answers is 94.6%, and the average absolute error, which is the average of the difference between the predicted BCS and the actual BCS for all test data, is 0.05. Although we used images that do not cover the entire body of the cow because of the position of the camera and the variation in captured parts (depending on images), we have successfully achieved a high accuracy. This promises that even higher accuracy can be achieved by automating the flow of data and carrying out the appropriate treatment of data to determine BCS.

Galactic orbits of stars

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
Richard Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Potential Field ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Velocity Vector ◽  
Variable Stars ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Proper Motions ◽  
Rr Lyrae ◽  
The Galaxy

It is now possible to determine proper motions of high-velocity objects in such a way as to obtain with some accuracy the velocity vector relevant to the Sun. If a potential field of the Galaxy is assumed, one can compute an actual orbit. A determination of the velocity of the globular clusterωCentauri has recently been completed at Greenwich, and it is found that the orbit is strongly retrograde in the Galaxy. Similar calculations may be made, though with less certainty, in the case of RR Lyrae variable stars.

Distance to SN 1987A and the LMC

1999 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 549-554
Author(s):  
Nino Panagia
Keyword(s):  
Angular Size ◽  
Large Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
Distance Modulus ◽  
Absolute Size ◽  
Sn 1987A

Using the new reductions of the IUE light curves by Sonneborn et al. (1997) and an extensive set of HST images of SN 1987A we have repeated and improved Panagia et al. (1991) analysis to obtain a better determination of the distance to the supernova. In this way we have derived an absolute size of the ringRabs= (6.23 ± 0.08) x 1017cm and an angular sizeR″ = 808 ± 17 mas, which give a distance to the supernovad(SN1987A) = 51.4 ± 1.2 kpc and a distance modulusm–M(SN1987A) = 18.55 ± 0.05. Allowing for a displacement of SN 1987A position relative to the LMC center, the distance to the barycenter of the Large Magellanic Cloud is also estimated to bed(LMC) = 52.0±1.3 kpc, which corresponds to a distance modulus ofm–M(LMC) = 18.58±0.05.

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