Angle-independent quantification of complex flow patterns in congenital heart disease

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasse Lovstakken ◽  
Siri A. Nyrnes ◽  
Bjorn O. Haugen ◽  
Hans Torp
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Complex Flow

Three-dimensional and four-dimensional flow assessment in congenital heart disease

Heart ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 421-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangeline Warmerdam ◽  
Gregor J Krings ◽  
Tim Leiner ◽  
Heynric B Grotenhuis
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
4D Flow ◽  
Blood Flow Patterns

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common form of congenital defects, with an incidence of 8 per 1000 births. Due to major advances in diagnostics, perioperative care and surgical techniques, the survival rate of patients with CHD has improved dramatically. Conversely, although 70%–95% of infants with CHD survive into adulthood, the rate of long-term morbidity, which often requires (repeat) intervention, has increased. Recently, the role of altered haemodynamics in cardiac development and CHD has become a subject of interest. Patients with CHD often have abnormal blood flow patterns, either due to the primary cardiac defect or as a consequence of the surgical intervention(s). Research suggests that these abnormal blood flow patterns may contribute to diminished cardiac and vascular function. Serial assessment of haemodynamic parameters in patients with CHD may allow for improved understanding of the often complex haemodynamics in these patients and thereby potentially guide the timing and nature of interventions with the aim of preventing progression of cardiovascular deterioration. In this article we will discuss two novel non-invasive four-dimensional (4D) techniques to evaluate cardiovascular haemodynamics: 4D-flow cardiac magnetic resonance and computational fluid dynamics. This review focuses on the additional value of these two modalities in the evaluation of patients with CHD with abnormal flow patterns, who could benefit from advanced haemodynamic evaluation: patients with coarctation of the aorta, bicuspid aortic valve, tetralogy of Fallot and patients after Fontan palliation.

Congenital Heart Disease

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Pittsenbarger ◽  
Emily Roben
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Office Visits ◽  
Outflow Obstruction ◽  
Blood Flow Patterns

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is common, affecting approximately 8 in 1000 live-born children, and encompasses a broad range of diagnoses and presentations.  CHDs can include inborn derangements in almost any aspect of the hearts structure of function, but the most common type of congenital heart disease are structural lesions of the heart that affect the normal pattern of blood flow.  These structural lesions can present with varied symptoms and physical exam signs that are rooted in their underlying blood flow patterns often lead to one of four groups of diseases based on blood flow patterns.  Overcirculation, systemic outflow obstruction, systolic failure, and cyanosis are the four groups used as descriptive classifications of structural CHD.  CHD findings can be present prenatally, in the newborn nursery, and well child office visits, but very often present to the EDs without any cardiac history when the lesion progresses to a point of crisis when the cardiac output is no longer meeting the body’s perfusion demands.  Early presentations of CHD frequently are related to closure of the ductus arteriosus and may benefit from early treatment with prostaglandin E.  Lab tests, radiology studies, and exam findings may be suggestive of certain types of lesions, but the gold standard to determine the type of CHD is an echocardiogram.  Once the diagnosis of CHD is suspected, consultation with a pediatric cardiologist is highly recommended to arrange the timely evaluation of the child and prompt initiation of therapies if needed to mitigate the disease progression.                         Key words: Congenital heart disease, overcirculation, systemic outflow obstruction, systolic failure, and cyanosis, ductus arteriosus

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