Environmental Testing of Single-Crystal Silicon Solar Cells with Screen-Printed Silver Contacts

1982 ◽  
Vol R-31 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay Firor ◽  
Steve Hogan
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Single Crystal Silicon ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Crystal Silicon ◽  
Environmental Testing ◽  
Screen Printed

Semi-automatic, volume production of silicon solar cells

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 892-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Thomas ◽  
C. E. Norman ◽  
S. Varma ◽  
G. Schwartz ◽  
E. M. Absi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Plasma Etching ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Single Crystal Silicon ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Crystal Silicon ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
P Type

A low-cost, high-yield technology for producing single-crystal silicon solar cells at high volumes, and suitable for export to developing countries, is described. The process begins with 100 mm diameter as-sawn single-crystal p-type wafers with one primary flat. Processing steps include etching and surface texturization, gaseous-source diffusion, plasma etching, and contacting via screen printing. The necessary adaptations of such standard processes as diffusion and plasma etching to solar-cell production are detailed. New process developments include a high-throughput surface-texturization technique, and automatic printing and firing of cell contacts.The technology, coupled with automated equipment developed specifically for the purpose, results in solar cells with an average efficiency greater than 12%, a yield exceeding 95%, a tight statistical spread on parameters, and a wide tolerance to starting substrates (including the first 100 mm diameter wafers made in Canada). It is shown that with minor modifications, the present single shift 500 kWp (kilowatt peak) per year capacity technology can be readily expanded to 1 MWp per year, adapted to square and polycrystalline substrates, and efficiencies increased above 13%.

Outdoor testing of single crystal silicon solar cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1433-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Q. Malik ◽  
Salmi Jan Bin Haji Damit
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Single Crystal Silicon ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Crystal Silicon
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