scholarly journals Network Friendly Recommendations: Optimizing for Long Viewing Sessions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Theodoros Giannakas ◽  
Pavlos Sermpezis ◽  
Thrasyvoulos Spyropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Viewing Sessions

scholarly journals The binge-watcher’s journey: Investigating motivations, contexts, and affective states surrounding Netflix viewing

2019 ◽  
pp. 135485651989085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Castro ◽  
Jacob M Rigby ◽  
Diogo Cabral ◽  
Valentina Nisi
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Objective Data ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Individual Activity ◽  
Subjective Data ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Browser Extension ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Viewing Sessions

The growth of Internet-distributed TV services has transformed video consumption, enhancing the level of control that viewers have over what they watch. Along with the release of entire seasons of programming at once, this has led to the phenomenon of ‘binge-watching’, in which several episodes of a program are viewed in one sitting. This article presents the results of a novel exploratory study focused on 40 Netflix viewing sessions from 11 millennials in their homes. Methodologically, we employed a novel mixed-methods approach that combines objective data (collected through a browser extension) and subjective data (collected via questionnaires completed before and after viewing). This novel approach allowed us to describe the binge-watcher’s experience in a holistic fashion. Results suggest that binge-watching is an individual activity mainly performed at the end of the day to relax, for boredom relief purposes, or for escapism. Furthermore, a binge-watching session lasts for an average of 2 h and 10 min, and variations on binge-watchers’ affective states were identified after Netflix exposure. Participants’ levels of valence (unhappy–happy) significantly decreased after binge-watching; their positive affect values increased primarily after watching sci-fi, while their negative affect values decreased after watching comedy and slightly increased after watching drama. However, the levels of arousal (relaxed–stimulated) remained the same. This study extends our current understanding of binge-watching in terms of viewer motivations, how it affects their viewing experiences, and participants’ subjective affective states. The investigation contributes, thus, to a relatively new domain of research concerned with the understanding of binge-watching behavior of serialized TV fiction.

scholarly journals 415 PB 086 EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERACTIVE TELEVISION IN TEACHING MASTER GARDENERS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 490d-490
Author(s):  
Lois Berg Stack
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Interactive Television ◽  
Master Gardener ◽  
Volunteer Programs ◽  
Viewing Sessions ◽  
Program Data

Master Gardener programs were conducted through 10 of Maine's 16 county offices in 1993. In an effort to reduce the number of identical presentations given by the limited number of instructors, 5 of the 10 sessions were conducted via interactive television (ITV), while the remaining 5 sessions were held locally. Participants (n=215) were surveyed about their learning experience in fall 1993. Data compare the local ITV audience vs. 7 distant audiences viewing sessions in real time vs. 2 audiences viewing taped sessions at a later date, on test scores of material presented, and on attitudes about the program. Data also summarize the types of projects on which Master Gardener volunteer hours were applied, and participants' attitudes about how volunteer programs could be made more effective.

scholarly journals Experimental Evidence for Differences in the Prosocial Effects of Binge-Watched versus Appointment-Viewed Television Programs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J Billard
Keyword(s):  
Elaboration Likelihood Model ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Elaboration Likelihood ◽  
Television Programs ◽  
Viewing Condition ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Resistance Model ◽  
Likelihood Model ◽  
Attitudinal Changes ◽  
Viewing Sessions

This study investigated the influence of television consumption patterns on changes in attitudes toward depicted social out-groups. Participants were randomly assigned to view six episodes of Amazon’s Transparent, a comedy-drama program about a family whose father comes out as a transgender woman, in either one three-hour (“binge-watching”) session or six weekly half-hour (“appointment-viewing”) sessions. Across both groups, we found exposure to the narrative reduced anti-transgender prejudice. Counter to the predictions of the Extended-Elaboration Likelihood Model and the Entertainment Overcoming Resistance Model, however, improvement of prejudice toward transgender people was not predicted by narrative or character involvement. Rather, reduction in prejudice was an outcome of viewing condition such that those who viewed the program on a schedule of one episode per week exhibited lower levels of post-exposure prejudice than those who binge-watched, and their attitudinal changes were more persistent three weeks later. Results are discussed in the context of the original Elaboration Likelihood Model, proposing mechanisms for further testing.

scholarly journals Feeding the Five Thousand

1988 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 223-223
Author(s):  
Muriel Enock
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Visual Material ◽  
Limited Budget ◽  
Display Area ◽  
Solar System Bodies ◽  
Comet Halley ◽  
Viewing Sessions

The Dominion Astrophysical arranged 20 special viewing sessions for Comet Halley, and although most of these were clouded out, some 3000 people attended. The Observatory receives 30 000 visitors annually and its display area was recently renewed. This was done on a very limited budget, but the display succeeded in providing both scale and distance models of Solar-System bodies, telescope models, and much visual material, all accompanied by bi-lingual text.

The effect of transmission bandwidth on diagnostic accuracy in remote fetal ultrasound scanning

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wootton ◽  
J. Dornan ◽  
N. M. Fisk ◽  
A. Harper ◽  
C. Barry-Kinsella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Video Tape ◽  
Technical Quality ◽  
Fetal Ultrasound ◽  
Transmission Bandwidth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Viewing Sessions

Six subspecialists with considerable experience in fetal ultrasound viewed a selection of pre-recorded ultrasound scans. Scans from 18 patients recorded on VHS video-tape were supplied from five centres in the UK and Ireland, each made on a high-resolution ultrasound machine by an experienced sonologist at a referral centre. Each observer viewed the scans on a large display monitor in an individual viewing booth. The scans were viewed in random order, at randomly selected bandwidths. Observers, who were blinded to both recording and bandwidth, assessed the technical quality on a five-point Likert scale. They also recorded their diagnosis. The six observers each carried out 32 viewing sessions, which gave a total of 192 viewings. There was no significant difference in the perceived technical quality of the scans between the two bandwidths used P 0.09 . Of the 84 recordings transmitted at 1920 kbit s, 71 85 were diagnosed correctly or half correctly' and 13 15 were misdiagnosed. Of the 95 recordings transmitted at 384 kbit s, 66 69 were diagnosed correctly or half correctly' and 29 31 were misdiagnosed. This difference was significant P 0.03. The results indicate that although there were no perceived differences in technical quality between recordings transmitted at 384 or 1920 kbit s, diagnostic accuracy was marginally worse at the lower bandwidth. This suggests that the higher bandwidth conveys more detail and information to the observer, which in turn enables more accurate diagnosis. However, further work is required before a definitive choice can be made about the optimum transmission bandwidth for remote fetal ultrasound studies.

scholarly journals Experimental Evidence for Differences in the Prosocial Effects of Binge-Watched Versus Appointment-Viewed Television Programs

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1051
Author(s):  
Thomas J Billard
Keyword(s):  
Elaboration Likelihood Model ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Elaboration Likelihood ◽  
Television Programs ◽  
Viewing Condition ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Resistance Model ◽  
Likelihood Model ◽  
Attitudinal Changes ◽  
Viewing Sessions

This study investigated the influence of television consumption patterns on changes in attitudes toward depicted social out-groups. Participants were randomly assigned to view six episodes of Amazon’s Transparent, a comedy-drama program about a family whose father comes out as a transgender woman, in either one 3-hr (“binge-watching”) session or six weekly half-hour (“appointment-viewing”) sessions. Across both groups, we found exposure to the narrative reduced anti-transgender prejudice. Counter to the predictions of the extended elaboration likelihood model and the entertainment overcoming resistance model, however, improvement in prejudice toward transgender people was not predicted by narrative or character involvement. Rather, reduction in prejudice was an outcome of viewing condition, such that those who viewed the program on a schedule of one episode per week exhibited lower levels of postexposure prejudice than those who binge-watched, and their attitudinal changes were more persistent 3 weeks later. Results are discussed in the context of the original elaboration likelihood model, proposing mechanisms for further testing.

scholarly journals Parsing eye movement analysis of scanpaths of naïve viewers of art: How do we differentiate art from non-art pictures?

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang H. Zangemeister ◽  
Claudio Privitera
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Movement Analysis ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Eye Fixations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Viewing Sessions ◽  
The Brain

Relating to G. Buswell’s early work we posed the questions: How do art-naïve people look at pairs of artful pictures and similarly looking snapshots? Does the analysis of their eye movement recordings reveal a difference in their perception? Parsing eye scanpaths using string editing, similarity coefficients can be sorted out and represented for the two measures ‘Sp’ (Similarities of position) and ‘Ss’ (Similarities of sequences). 25 picture pairs were shown 5 times to 7 subjects with no specific task, who were ‘art-naïve’ to avoid confounding of the results through specific art knowledge of the subjects. A significant difference between scanpaths of artful pictures compared to snapshots was not found in our subjects´ repeated viewing sessions. Auto-similarity (same subject viewing the same picture) and cross-similarity (different subjects viewing the same picture) significantly demonstrated this result, for sequences of eye fixations (Ss) as well as their positions (Sp): In case of global (different subjects and different pairs) sequential similarity Ss we found that about 84 percent of the picture pairs where viewed with very low similarity, in quasi random mode within the range of random values. Only in 4 out of 25 artful-picture snapshot pairs was a high similarity found. A specific restricted set of representative regions in the internal cognitive model of the picture is essential for the brain to perceive and eventually recognize the picture: This representative set is quite similar for different subjects and different picture pairs independently of their art–non art features that where in most cases not recognized by our subjects. Furthermore our study shows that the distinction of art versus non-art has vanished, causing confusion about the ratio of signal and noise in the communication between artists and viewers of art.

scholarly journals Utilizing an Innovative Preceptor Video Mini-Series to Prepare Students for Experiential Rotations: Does it Work?

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig D Cox ◽  
Nephy G Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Innovative Teaching ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
Viewing Sessions

Objectives: To determine whether an innovative Mini-Series training model originally developed for preceptors could be beneficial to pharmacy students prior to and/or after beginning their introductory or advanced pharmacy practice experiences. Methods: This program consists of twelve incremental video episodes, each ranging from five to eight minutes in length. It tells the story of a young pharmacy preceptor as she guides a third and fourth year student through a challenging six-week clinical hospital rotation. Two to three reflection questions were written for each individual episode, focusing on student issues portrayed in the videos. Two-hour viewing sessions, consisting of all (12) video episodes and facilitated student reflection were held for 2nd – 4th year professional students on two campuses. At conclusion of each session, students completed a short evaluation to gauge the effectiveness and potential application of the Mini-Series program. Results: Fifty-six (56) students (22 fourth-year, 6 third-ear, and 28 second-year) participated in the voluntary viewing sessions. All students either agreed or strongly agreed that the Mini-Series program was entertaining and educational. In addition, 82% of students strongly agreed this program would be beneficial for students prior to taking their first experiential rotation, while only 47% strongly agreed it would be beneficial after they had started rotations. On a 5-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree), participants reported a mean of 4.6 that this medium is more effective than traditional lecture orientations held by the Office of Experiential Programs. On three open-ended questions, students provided a diversity of suggestions for enhancing the Mini-Series to make it more effective for students. Implications: The “Mini-Series” model was well received by students as a training medium to deliver educational content. As a result, more programs are being developed utilizing this innovative teaching method to help prepare students for future experiential rotations. Conflict of Interest The authors report no conflicts of interest or financial incentives to disclose related to this project. Dr. Craig D. Cox conceptualized, developed, and directed the Mini-Seriesprogram described in the manuscript. All funding for and all income generated by the program studied is the property of the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy.   Type: Original Research

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