Single-reference near-field calibration procedure for step-frequency ground penetrating radar

2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Mikhnev ◽  
P. Vainikainen
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Step Frequency ◽  
Field Calibration ◽  
Ground Penetrating

scholarly journals Ground Penetrating Radar Survey of the Floor of the Accademia Gallery (Florence, Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1273
Author(s):  
Lapo Miccinesi ◽  
Alessandra Beni ◽  
Silvia Monchetti ◽  
Michele Betti ◽  
Claudio Borri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Underground Structure ◽  
Step Frequency ◽  
Ground Floor ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ground Penetrating

This paper reports the results of a ground penetrating radar (GPR) survey of the ground-floor of Academia Gallery (Florence, Italy) where the Michelangelo’s David is exhibited to the public. The equipment used was a step-frequency GPR operating in the 100 MHz-1 GHz band, named ORFEUS. The survey covered an area of 13 m × 7.3 m, and the scans were performed along two orthogonal directions. Acquisitions in the same direction were separated by 0.25 m from each other. The GPR was able to confirm the underground structure, as it can be deducted by planimetry and historical documentation. In particular, the radar clearly detected the air-conditioning ducts under the floor and an approximately circular foundation below the basement of the statue.

WISDOM Antenna Pattern in the presence of Rover and Soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolf-Stefan Benedix ◽  
Dirk Plettemeier ◽  
Christoph Statz ◽  
Yun Lu ◽  
Ronny Hahnel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Matching ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Complete System ◽  
Near Field ◽  
System Model ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Broadband Antenna ◽  
Shallow Subsurface ◽  
Ground Penetrating

<p>The WISDOM ground-penetrating radar aboard the 2022 ESA-Roscosmos Rosalind-Franklin ExoMars Rover will probe the shallow subsurface of Oxia Planum using electromagnetic waves. A dual-polarized broadband antenna assembly transmits the WISDOM signal into the Martian subsurface and receives the return signal. This antenna assembly has been extensively tested and characterized w.r.t. the most significant antenna parameters (gain, pattern, matching). However, during the design phase, these parameters were simulated or measured without the environment, i.e., in the absence of other objects like brackets, rover vehicle, or soil. Some measurements of the rover's influence on the WISDOM data were performed during the instrument's integration.</p><p>It was shown that the rover structure and close surroundings in the near-field region of the WISDOM antenna assembly have a significant impact on the WISDOM signal and sounding performance. Hence, it is essential to include the simulations' environment, especially with varying surface and underground.</p><p>With this contribution, we outline the influences of rover and ground on the antenna's pattern and particularly on the footprint. We employ a 3D field solver with a complete system model above different soil types, i.e., subsurface materials with various combinations of permittivity and conductivity.</p>

scholarly journals Step-Frequency Ground Penetrating Radar for Agricultural Soil Morphology Characterisation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1075
Author(s):  
Federico Lombardi ◽  
Maurizio Lualdi
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Electromagnetic Properties ◽  
Soil Morphology ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Step Frequency ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Soil morphology plays a fundamental role in the vertical and lateral movements of solutes and water transport, providing knowledge regarding spatial distribution of its textural properties and subsurface dynamics. In this framework, the measured values of electrical conductivity are able to reveal the heterogeneity of soil that is present in a particular agricultural field and they are affected by more than one important physical characteristic: soil texture, organic matter, moisture content, and the depth of the clay pan. In the microwave region, these dynamics are known to exhibit a frequency dependent behaviour. This study explores the application of a Step Frequency Continuous Wave Ground Penetrating Radar (SFCW GPR) to shed light on the practical impact that these dependencies have on the imaging results, not only regarding the electrical characterisation of the subsurface morphology, but also in its correct interpretation. This information is of notable importance for determining water-use efficiency and planning precision-agriculture programs. The results clearly show visible and significant fluctuations of the amplitude levels, depending on the considered central frequency, demonstrating that the frequency dependence of electromagnetic properties of heterogeneous soil are significant and cannot be ignored if the aim is to properly define the subsurface attributes. The measurements also suggest that correlating the delineated variations might help in the identification of extended features and the classification of areas that possess similar properties in order to increase the confidence in monitoring soil resources.

scholarly journals A SAP-DoA Method for the Localization of Two Buried Objects

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Meschino ◽  
Lara Pajewski ◽  
Giuseppe Schettini
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Arrival Direction ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Buried Objects ◽  
Radar Applications ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Detection And Localization ◽  
Dielectric Objects

A localization technique for buried metallic and dielectric objects is proposed and tested. An array of isotropic antennas investigates a scenario with cylindrical targets buried in a dielectric soil. The targets are in the near field of the array, and a Sub-Array Processing (SAP) approach is adopted: the array is partitioned into subarrays, and Direction of Arrival (DoA) algorithms are used to process the electromagnetic field received by each subarray and estimate the dominant arrival direction of the signal. By triangulating all the estimated DoAs, a crossing pattern is obtained. It is filtered by a Poisson-based procedure and subsequently elaborated by the -means clustering method in order to distinguish between targets and background, estimate the number of targets, and find their position. Several simulations have been performed to compare different DoA algorithms and to test the localization method in the presence of two buried cylinders. Different values of the permittivity of the involved dielectric materials have been considered; the target positions and size have also been varied. The proposed procedure can be useful for ground-penetrating radar applications, near-surface probing, and for the detection and localization of defects in a hosting medium.

Analysis of antennas for step-frequency ground-penetrating radar

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeri A. Mikhnev ◽  
Y. Maksimovitch ◽  
Pertti Vainikainen
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Step Frequency ◽  
Ground Penetrating
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