scholarly journals Secondary Electron Emission of Pt: Experimental Study and Comparison With Models in the Multipactor Energy Range

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 3270-3277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Bronchalo ◽  
Angela Coves ◽  
Rafael Mata ◽  
Benito Gimeno ◽  
Isabel Montero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Electron Emission ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Secondary Electron Emission

Development of Secondary Electron Emission Measurement System for Wide Energy Range with Aging

2015 ◽  
Vol 135 (7) ◽  
pp. 433-434
Author(s):  
Hiromu Nagato ◽  
Kazuaki Shibuya ◽  
Hiroaki Miyake ◽  
Yasuhiro Tanaka ◽  
Masamichi Ohira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Electron Emission ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Secondary Electron Emission ◽  
Wide Energy Range ◽  
Emission Measurement ◽  
Wide Energy

Experimental study on secondary electron emission characteristics of Cu

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 023303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenghua Liu ◽  
Yudong Liu ◽  
Pengcheng Wang ◽  
Weibin Liu ◽  
Guoxi Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Electron Emission ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Secondary Electron Emission ◽  
Emission Characteristics

MAXIMUM SECONDARY ELECTRON YIELD AND PARAMETERS OF SECONDARY ELECTRON YIELD OF METALS

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (05) ◽  
pp. 1650039 ◽  
Author(s):  
AI-GEN XIE ◽  
HAN-SUP UHM ◽  
YUN-YUN CHEN ◽  
EUN-HA CHOI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Electron Emission ◽  
Energy Band ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Secondary Electron Emission ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Surface Barrier ◽  
Secondary Electrons ◽  
Secondary Electron Yield ◽  
Electron Yield

On the basis of the free-electron model, the energy range of internal secondary electrons, the energy band of a metal, the formula for inelastic mean escape depth, the processes and characteristics of secondary electron emission, the probability of internal secondary electrons reaching surface and passing over the surface barrier into vacuum B as a function of original work function [Formula: see text] and the distance from Fermi energy to the bottom of the conduction band [Formula: see text] was deduced. According to the characteristics of creation of an excited electron, the definition of average energy required to produce an internal secondary electron [Formula: see text], the energy range of excited electrons and internal secondary electrons and the energy band of a metal, the formula for expressing [Formula: see text] using the number of valence electron of the atom V, [Formula: see text] and atomic number Z was obtained. Based on the processes and characteristics of secondary electron emission, several relationships among the parameters of the secondary electron emission and the deduced formulae for B and [Formula: see text], the formula for expressing maximum secondary electron yield of metals [Formula: see text] using Z, V, back-scattering coefficient r, incident energy of primary electron at which secondary electron yield reaches [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] was deduced and demonstrated to be true. According to the deduced formula for [Formula: see text] and the relationships among [Formula: see text] and several parameters of secondary electron emitter, it can be concluded that high [Formula: see text] values are linked to high V, Z and [Formula: see text] values, and vice versa. Based on the processes and characteristics of secondary electron emission and the deduced formulae for the B, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], the influences of surface properties on [Formula: see text] were discussed.

Experimental study of molecular and cluster effects in secondary electron emission

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 3959-3967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermann Rothard ◽  
Kurt Kroneberger ◽  
Erling Veje ◽  
Alexander Clouvas ◽  
Jürgen Kemmler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Electron Emission ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Secondary Electron Emission

Historical Introduction

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 2-5
Author(s):  
R. D. Heidenreich
Keyword(s):  
Electron Emission ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Secondary Electron Emission ◽  
50Th Anniversary ◽  
Secondary Emission ◽  
Wave Nature ◽  
Nobel Prize In Physics ◽  
Primary Electrons ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Mutual Agreement

This program has been organized by the EMSA to commensurate the 50th anniversary of the experimental verification of the wave nature of the electron. Davisson and Germer in the U.S. and Thomson and Reid in Britian accomplished this at about the same time. Their findings were published in Nature in 1927 by mutual agreement since their independent efforts had led to the same conclusion at about the same time. In 1937 Davisson and Thomson shared the Nobel Prize in physics for demonstrating the wave nature of the electron deduced in 1924 by Louis de Broglie.The Davisson experiments (1921-1927) were concerned with the angular distribution of secondary electron emission from nickel surfaces produced by 150 volt primary electrons. The motivation was the effect of secondary emission on the characteristics of vacuum tubes but significant deviations from the results expected for a corpuscular electron led to a diffraction interpretation suggested by Elasser in 1925.

SEM and Auger microanalysis studies of Cu-Be dynode surfaces at each activation condition

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 524-525
Author(s):  
T. Koshikawa ◽  
Y. Fujii ◽  
E. Sugata ◽  
F. Kanematsu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Emission ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Secondary Electron Emission ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Electron Multiplier ◽  
Activation Condition ◽  
Activation Conditions

The Cu-Be alloys are widely used as the electron multiplier dynodes after the adequate activation process. But the structures and compositions of the elements on the activated surfaces were not studied clearly. The Cu-Be alloys are heated in the oxygen atmosphere in the usual activation techniques. The activation conditions, e.g. temperature and O2 pressure, affect strongly the secondary electron yield and life time of dynodes.In the present paper, the activated Cu-Be dynode surfaces at each condition are investigated with Scanning Auger Microanalyzer (SAM) (primary beam diameter: 3μmϕ) and SEM. The commercial Cu-Be(2%) alloys were polished with Cr2O3 powder, rinsed in the distilled water and set in the vacuum furnance.Two typical activation condition, i.e. activation temperature 730°C and 810°C in 5x10-3 Torr O2 pressure were chosen since the formation mechanism of the BeO film on the Cu-Be alloys was guessed to be very different at each temperature from the results of the secondary electron emission measurements.

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