Introducing a Stable Bootstrap Validation Framework for Reliable Genomic Signature Extraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos-Kosmas Chlis ◽  
Ekaterini S. Bei ◽  
Michalis Zervakis
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Signature ◽  
Signature Extraction ◽  
Validation Framework ◽  
Bootstrap Validation

scholarly journals Personalized Decision Making on Genomic Testing in Early Breast Cancer: Expanding the MINDACT Trial with Decision-Analytic Modeling

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272989X2199117
Author(s):  
Ewout W. Steyerberg ◽  
Liesbeth C. de Wreede ◽  
David van Klaveren ◽  
Patrick M. M. Bossuyt
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Pragmatic Trial ◽  
Genomic Signature ◽  
Genomic Testing ◽  
Analytic Modeling ◽  
Clinical Risk ◽  
Genomic Test

Background Genomic tests may improve upon clinical risk estimation with traditional prognostic factors. We aimed to explore how evidence on the prognostic strength of a genomic signature (clinical validity) can contribute to individualized decision making on starting chemotherapy for women with breast cancer (clinical utility). Methods The MINDACT trial was a randomized trial that enrolled 6693 women with early-stage breast cancer. A 70-gene signature (Mammaprint) was used to estimate genomic risk, and clinical risk was estimated by a dichotomized version of the Adjuvant!Online risk calculator. Women with discordant risk results were randomized to the use of chemotherapy. We simulated the full risk distribution of these women and estimated individual benefit, assuming a constant relative effect of chemotherapy. Results The trial showed a prognostic effect of the genomic signature (adjusted hazard ratio 2.4). A decision-analytic modeling approach identified far fewer women as candidates for genetic testing (4% rather than 50%) and fewer benefiting from chemotherapy (3% rather than 27%) as compared with the MINDACT trial report. The selection of women benefitting from genetic testing and chemotherapy depended strongly on the required benefit from treatment and the assumed therapeutic effect of chemotherapy. Conclusions A high-quality pragmatic trial was insufficient to directly inform clinical practice on the utility of a genomic test for individual women. The indication for genomic testing may be far more limited than suggested by the MINDACT trial.

scholarly journals An Electro-Oculogram Based Vision System for Grasp Assistive Devices—A Proof of Concept Study

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4515
Author(s):  
Rinku Roy ◽  
Manjunatha Mahadevappa ◽  
Kianoush Nazarpour
Keyword(s):  
Vision System ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Object Orientation ◽  
Assistive Devices ◽  
Assistive Device ◽  
Vision Systems ◽  
Signature Extraction ◽  
Voluntary Muscle ◽  
Als Patients

Humans typically fixate on objects before moving their arm to grasp the object. Patients with ALS disorder can also select the object with their intact eye movement, but are unable to move their limb due to the loss of voluntary muscle control. Though several research works have already achieved success in generating the correct grasp type from their brain measurement, we are still searching for fine controll over an object with a grasp assistive device (orthosis/exoskeleton/robotic arm). Object orientation and object width are two important parameters for controlling the wrist angle and the grasp aperture of the assistive device to replicate a human-like stable grasp. Vision systems are already evolved to measure the geometrical attributes of the object to control the grasp with a prosthetic hand. However, most of the existing vision systems are integrated with electromyography and require some amount of voluntary muscle movement to control the vision system. Due to that reason, those systems are not beneficial for the users with brain-controlled assistive devices. Here, we implemented a vision system which can be controlled through the human gaze. We measured the vertical and horizontal electrooculogram signals and controlled the pan and tilt of a cap-mounted webcam to keep the object of interest in focus and at the centre of the picture. A simple ‘signature’ extraction procedure was also utilized to reduce the algorithmic complexity and system storage capacity. The developed device has been tested with ten healthy participants. We approximated the object orientation and the size of the object and determined an appropriate wrist orientation angle and the grasp aperture size within 22 ms. The combined accuracy exceeded 75%. The integration of the proposed system with the brain-controlled grasp assistive device and increasing the number of grasps can offer more natural manoeuvring in grasp for ALS patients.

Hardware–software design and validation framework for wireless LAN modems

2004 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Drosos ◽  
L. Bisdounis ◽  
D. Metafas ◽  
S. Blionas ◽  
A. Tatsaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Software Design ◽  
Wireless Lan ◽  
Validation Framework

scholarly journals Genomic Signature of Adaptation to Climate inMedicago truncatula

Genetics ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 196 (4) ◽  
pp. 1263-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy B. Yoder ◽  
John Stanton-Geddes ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Roman Briskine ◽  
Nevin D. Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Signature
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