Design Considerations for Ultra-Low Energy Wireless Microsensor Nodes

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.H. Calhoun ◽  
D.C. Daly ◽  
N. Verma ◽  
D.F. Finchelstein ◽  
D.D. Wentzloff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Energy ◽  
Design Considerations

Wireless Enabling Technologies for the Internet of Things

Fog Computing ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 54-81
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Elkhodr ◽  
Seyed Shahrestani ◽  
Hon Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Wireless Technologies ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Ieee 802.11Ah ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Selection Of

This Chapter provides several comparable studies of some of the major evolving and enabling wireless technologies in the Internet of Things (IoT). Particularly, it focuses on the ZigBee, 6lowpan, Bluetooth Low Energy, LTE, and the different versions of Wi-Fi protocols including the IEEE 802.11ah. The studies, reported in this chapter, evaluate the capabilities and behaviors of these technologies in terms of various metrics including the data range and rate, network size, RF Channels and Bandwidth, Antenna design considerations, Power Consumption, and their Ecosystem. It is concluded that the requirements of each IoT application play a significant role in the selection of a suitable wireless technology.

scholarly journals Thermal performance and redesign of beam stoppers under superficial heat transfer from intense ion beams in matter

2018 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 01039
Author(s):  
André Pilan Zanoni ◽  
Jose Antonio Briz Monago ◽  
Marco Calviani
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Ion Beams ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Structural Performance ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Projected Range ◽  
Heat Deposition ◽  
Improved Design

In the Linear accelerator 3 (Linac 3) and Low Energy Ion Ring (LEIR) at CERN dedicated beam stoppers intercept ion beams for machine and personnel protection whenever required. The interaction of accelerated ions and the stopper induces through-thickness heat deposition in the stopper material as deep as a few hundreds of micrometers. Following a multi-layered geometrical discretization this paper discusses the thermal and structural performance of the stoppers under different ion beams (Pb, Xe, Ar). Design considerations based on the projected range of different ions in target materials (aluminum, steel and copper alloys) are discussed. An improved design for ion stoppers based on thermo-structural performance and projected range is proposed.

scholarly journals ARTICULATED CONCRETE MAT SLOPE PROTECTION

1988 ◽  
Vol 1 (21) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig B. Leidersdorf ◽  
Peter E. Gadd ◽  
William G. McDougal
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Intermediate Energy ◽  
Additional Research ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Hydraulic Design ◽  
Ice Loads ◽  
Hydraulic Stability

This paper provides guidance for the design, fabrication, and installation of articulated concrete mat slope protection. Although articulated mat armor has been utilized for many years in low-energy wave environments, it has been extended recently to accommodate intermediate wave energies and severe ice loads. The development of the concept is discussed, after which hydraulic design considerations, material design considerations, and fabrication and installation techniques are presented. Prototype performance is reviewed. It is concluded that articulated concrete mat armor is capable of providing effective slope protection in intermediate-energy wave environments, and that additional research is required relating to hydraulic stability and failure modes under wave and ice loading.

Design Considerations Of A Compton Camera For Low Energy Medical Imaging

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Harkness ◽  
A. J. Boston ◽  
H. C. Boston ◽  
J. R. Cresswell ◽  
A. N. Grint ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Compton Camera ◽  
Design Considerations

Wireless Enabling Technologies for the Internet of Things

2016 ◽  
pp. 368-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Elkhodr ◽  
Seyed Shahrestani ◽  
Hon Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Wireless Technologies ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Ieee 802.11Ah ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Selection Of

This Chapter provides several comparable studies of some of the major evolving and enabling wireless technologies in the Internet of Things (IoT). Particularly, it focuses on the ZigBee, 6lowpan, Bluetooth Low Energy, LTE, and the different versions of Wi-Fi protocols including the IEEE 802.11ah. The studies, reported in this chapter, evaluate the capabilities and behaviors of these technologies in terms of various metrics including the data range and rate, network size, RF Channels and Bandwidth, Antenna design considerations, Power Consumption, and their Ecosystem. It is concluded that the requirements of each IoT application play a significant role in the selection of a suitable wireless technology.

Dissociated Σ=27 boundaries in silicon

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 624-625
Author(s):  
A. Garg ◽  
W.A.T. Clark ◽  
J.P. Hirth
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Local Minimum ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Coincidence Site Lattice ◽  
Boundary Plane ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Site Lattice ◽  
Kikuchi Pattern ◽  
Analysis Techniques

In the last twenty years, a significant amount of work has been done in the theoretical understanding of grain boundaries. The various proposed grain boundary models suggest the existence of coincidence site lattice (CSL) boundaries at specific misorientations where a periodic structure representing a local minimum of energy exists between the two crystals. In general, the boundary energy depends not only upon the density of CSL sites but also upon the boundary plane, so that different facets of the same boundary have different energy. Here we describe TEM observations of the dissociation of a Σ=27 boundary in silicon in order to reduce its surface energy and attain a low energy configuration.The boundary was identified as near CSL Σ=27 {255} having a misorientation of (38.7±0.2)°/[011] by standard Kikuchi pattern, electron diffraction and trace analysis techniques. Although the boundary appeared planar, in the TEM it was found to be dissociated in some regions into a Σ=3 {111} and a Σ=9 {122} boundary, as shown in Fig. 1.

Transfer optics for high spatial resolution electron spectroscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 666-667
Author(s):  
G. G. Hembree ◽  
Luo Chuan Hong ◽  
P.A. Bennett ◽  
J.A. Venables
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
State University ◽  
Arizona State University ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Low Energy Electrons

A new field emission scanning transmission electron microscope has been constructed for the NSF HREM facility at Arizona State University. The microscope is to be used for studies of surfaces, and incorporates several surface-related features, including provision for analysis of secondary and Auger electrons; these electrons are collected through the objective lens from either side of the sample, using the parallelizing action of the magnetic field. This collimates all the low energy electrons, which spiral in the high magnetic field. Given an initial field Bi∼1T, and a final (parallelizing) field Bf∼0.01T, all electrons emerge into a cone of semi-angle θf≤6°. The main practical problem in the way of using this well collimated beam of low energy (0-2keV) electrons is that it is travelling along the path of the (100keV) probing electron beam. To collect and analyze them, they must be deflected off the beam path with minimal effect on the probe position.

Morphological behavior of compatibilized ternary blends prepared by mechanical mixing

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1200-1201
Author(s):  
S.D. Smith ◽  
R.J. Spontak ◽  
D.H. Melik ◽  
S.M. Buehler ◽  
K.M. Kerr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Diblock Copolymers ◽  
Ternary Blends ◽  
Mechanical Mixing ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Covalently Bonded ◽  
Homopolymer Blends ◽  
Emulsifying Agent ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Low Entropy

When blended together, homopolymers A and B will normally macrophase-separate into relatively large (≫1 μm) A-rich and B-rich phases, between which exists poor interfacial adhesion, due to a low entropy of mixing. The size scale of phase separation in such a blend can be reduced, and the extent of interfacial A-B contact and entanglement enhanced, via addition of an emulsifying agent such as an AB diblock copolymer. Diblock copolymers consist of a long sequence of A monomers covalently bonded to a long sequence of B monomers. These materials are surface-active and decrease interfacial tension between immiscible phases much in the same way as do small-molecule surfactants. Previous studies have clearly demonstrated the utility of block copolymers in compatibilizing homopolymer blends and enhancing blend properties such as fracture toughness. It is now recognized that optimization of emulsified ternary blends relies upon design considerations such as sufficient block penetration into a macrophase (to avoid block slip) and prevention of a copolymer multilayer at the A-B interface (to avoid intralayer failure).

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