scholarly journals In Situ Mechanical Characterization of Multilayer Soft Tissue Using Ultrasound Imaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2595-2606 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Mechanical Characterization

Spectro-mechanical Characterization of Aromaticity and Maturity of Kerogens in Oil Shale at 6 nm Spatial Resolution

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon Jakob ◽  
Le Wang ◽  
Haomin Wang ◽  
Xiaoji Xu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Oil Shale ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Optical Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Eagle Ford Shale

<p>In situ measurements of the chemical compositions and mechanical properties of kerogen help understand the formation, transformation, and utilization of organic matter in the oil shale at the nanoscale. However, the optical diffraction limit prevents attainment of nanoscale resolution using conventional spectroscopy and microscopy. Here, we utilize peak force infrared (PFIR) microscopy for multimodal characterization of kerogen in oil shale. The PFIR provides correlative infrared imaging, mechanical mapping, and broadband infrared spectroscopy capability with 6 nm spatial resolution. We observed nanoscale heterogeneity in the chemical composition, aromaticity, and maturity of the kerogens from oil shales from Eagle Ford shale play in Texas. The kerogen aromaticity positively correlates with the local mechanical moduli of the surrounding inorganic matrix, manifesting the Le Chatelier’s principle. In situ spectro-mechanical characterization of oil shale will yield valuable insight for geochemical and geomechanical modeling on the origin and transformation of kerogen in the oil shale.</p>

scholarly journals Concentrations, ratios, and sinking fluxes of major bioelements at Ocean Station Papa

Elem Sci Anth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Montserrat Roca-Martí ◽  
Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson ◽  
Blaire P. Umhau ◽  
Abigale M. Wyatt ◽  
Samantha J. Clevenger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Euphotic Zone ◽  
Particulate Phosphorus ◽  
Particulate Nitrogen ◽  
Sinking Particles ◽  
Ocean Station Papa ◽  
Particle Size Classes

Fluxes of major bioelements associated with sinking particles were quantified in late summer 2018 as part of the EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) field campaign near Ocean Station Papa in the subarctic northeast Pacific. The thorium-234 method was used in conjunction with size-fractionated (1–5, 5–51, and &gt;51 μm) concentrations of particulate nitrogen (PN), total particulate phosphorus (TPP), biogenic silica (bSi), and particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) collected using large volume filtration via in situ pumps. We build upon recent work quantifying POC fluxes during EXPORTS. Similar remineralization length scales were observed for both POC and PN across all particle size classes from depths of 50–500 m. Unlike bSi and PIC, the soft tissue–associated POC, PN, and TPP fluxes strongly attenuated from 50 m to the base of the euphotic zone (approximately 120 m). Cruise-average thorium-234-derived fluxes (mmol m–2 d–1) at 120 m were 1.7 ± 0.6 for POC, 0.22 ± 0.07 for PN, 0.019 ± 0.007 for TPP, 0.69 ± 0.26 for bSi, and 0.055 ± 0.022 for PIC. These bioelement fluxes were similar to previous observations at this site, with the exception of PIC, which was 1 to 2 orders of magnitude lower. Transfer efficiencies within the upper twilight zone (flux 220 m/flux 120 m) were highest for PIC (84%) and bSi (79%), followed by POC (61%), PN (58%), and TPP (49%). These differences indicate preferential remineralization of TPP relative to POC or PN and larger losses of soft tissue relative to biominerals in sinking particles below the euphotic zone. Comprehensive characterization of the particulate bioelement fluxes obtained here will support future efforts linking phytoplankton community composition and food-web dynamics to the composition, magnitude, and attenuation of material that sinks to deeper waters.

Tissue Elasticity Estimation with Optical Coherence Elastography: Toward Mechanical Characterization of In Vivo Soft Tissue

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1631-1639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad S. Khalil ◽  
Raymond C. Chan ◽  
Alexandra H. Chau ◽  
Brett E. Bouma ◽  
Mohammad R. Kaazempur Mofrad
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Tissue Elasticity

Mechanical Characterization of Soft Tissue Constituents for Cancer Detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 817-826
Author(s):  
Shima Zaeimdar ◽  
Parvind Kaur Grewal ◽  
Zahra Haeri ◽  
Farid Golnaraghi
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Mechanical Characterization

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Catalyst Coated Membranes Subjected to In Situ Hygrothermal Fatigue

2015 ◽  
Vol 162 (14) ◽  
pp. F1461-F1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Sadeghi Alavijeh ◽  
Ramin M.H. Khorasany ◽  
Zachary Nunn ◽  
Aronne Habisch ◽  
Michael Lauritzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Coated Membranes

Mechanical Characterization of Polymer Nanowires Using MEMS

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Samuel ◽  
Bo Yi ◽  
R. Rajagopalan ◽  
H. C. Foley ◽  
M. A. Haque
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Furfuryl Alcohol ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Testing Device ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Testing ◽  
Polymer Nanowires

We present results on the mechanical properties of single freestanding poly-furfuryl alcohol (PFA) nanowires (aspect ratio &gt; 50, diameters 100–300 nm) from experiments conducted using a MEMS-based uniaxial tensile testing device in-situ inside the SEM. The specimens tested were pyrolyzed PFA nanowires (pyrolyzed at 800° C).

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