Detection of In Vivo Dynamic 3-D Motion Patterns in the Wrist Joint

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 1236-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Carelsen ◽  
R. Jonges ◽  
S.D. Strackee ◽  
M. Maas ◽  
P. van Kemenade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Motion Patterns

scholarly journals Accuracy and repeatability of wrist joint angles in boxing using an electromagnetic tracking system

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian T. Gatt ◽  
Tom Allen ◽  
Jon Wheat
Keyword(s):  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Electromagnetic Tracking ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
In Vivo Testing ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability ◽  
Electromagnetic Tracking System

AbstractThe hand-wrist region is reported as the most common injury site in boxing. Boxers are at risk due to the amount of wrist motions when impacting training equipment or their opponents, yet we know relatively little about these motions. This paper describes a new method for quantifying wrist motion in boxing using an electromagnetic tracking system. Surrogate testing procedure utilising a polyamide hand and forearm shape, and in vivo testing procedure utilising 29 elite boxers, were used to assess the accuracy and repeatability of the system. 2D kinematic analysis was used to calculate wrist angles using photogrammetry, whilst the data from the electromagnetic tracking system was processed with visual 3D software. The electromagnetic tracking system agreed with the video-based system (paired t tests) in both the surrogate (< 0.2°) and quasi-static testing (< 6°). Both systems showed a good intraclass coefficient of reliability (ICCs > 0.9). In the punch testing, for both repeated jab and hook shots, the electromagnetic tracking system showed good reliability (ICCs > 0.8) and substantial reliability (ICCs > 0.6) for flexion–extension and radial-ulnar deviation angles, respectively. The results indicate that wrist kinematics during punching activities can be measured using an electromagnetic tracking system.

Stiffness of the Gerbil Basilar Membrane: Radial and Longitudinal Variations

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 474-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulam Emadi ◽  
Claus-Peter Richter ◽  
Peter Dallos
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Organ Of Corti ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Motion Patterns ◽  
Longitudinal Stiffness ◽  
Longitudinal Variations ◽  
Space Constant ◽  
Qualitative Changes

Experimental data on the mechanical properties of the tissues of the mammalian cochlea are essential for understanding the frequency- and location-dependent motion patterns that result in response to incoming sound waves. Within the cochlea, sound-induced vibrations are transduced into neural activity by the organ of Corti, the gross motion of which is dependent on the motion of the underlying basilar membrane. In this study we present data on stiffness of the gerbil basilar membrane measured at multiple positions within a cochlear cross section and at multiple locations along the length of the cochlea. A basic analysis of these data using relatively simple models of cochlear mechanics reveals our most important result: the experimentally measured longitudinal stiffness gradient at the middle of the pectinate zone of the basilar membrane (4.43 dB/mm) can account for changes of best frequency along the length of the cochlea. Furthermore, our results indicate qualitative changes of stiffness-deflection curves as a function of radial position; in particular, there are differences in the rate of stiffness growth with increasing tissue deflection. Longitudinal coupling within the basilar membrane/organ of Corti complex is determined to have a space constant of 21 μm in the middle turn of the cochlea. The bulk of our data was obtained in the hemicochlea preparation, and we include a comparison of this set of data to data obtained in vivo.

Dynamics of Human Coronary Arterial Motion and Its Potential Role in Coronary Atherogenesis

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 488-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaohua Ding ◽  
Morton H. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Motion Patterns ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Motion Parameters ◽  
Arterial Motion ◽  
Vessel Axis

Mechanical forces have been widely recognized to play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Since coronary arterial motion modulates both vessel wall mechanics and fluid dynamics, it is hypothesized that certain motion patterns might be atherogenic by generating adverse wall mechanical forces or fluid dynamic environments. To characterize the dynamics of coronary arterial motion and explore its implications in atherogenesis, a system was developed to track the motion of coronary arteries in vivo, and employed to quantify the dynamics of four right coronary arteries (RCA) and eight left anterior descending (LAD) coronary arteries. The analysis shows that: (a) The motion parameters vary among individuals, with coefficients of variation ranging from 0.25 to 0.59 for axially and temporally averaged values of the parameters; (b) the motion parameters of individual vessels vary widely along the vessel axis, with coefficients of variation as high as 2.28; (c) the LAD exhibits a greater axial variability in torsion, a measure of curve “helicity,” than the RCA; (d) in comparison with the RCA, the LAD experiences less displacement p=0.009, but higher torsion p=0.03. These results suggest that: (i) the variability of certain motion parameters, particularly those that exhibit large axial variations, might be related to variations in susceptibility to atherosclerosis among different individuals and vascular regions; and (ii) differences in motion parameters between the RCA and LAD might relate to differences in their susceptibility to atherosclerosis. [S0148-0731(00)00405-2]

scholarly journals Muscle-driven and torque-driven centrodes during modeled flexion of individual lumbar spines are disparate

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Rockenfeller ◽  
Andreas Müller ◽  
Nicolas Damm ◽  
Michael Kosterhon ◽  
Sven R. Kantelhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Confidence Regions ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Motion Patterns ◽  
Narrow Region ◽  
Surgical Methods

Abstract Lumbar spine biomechanics during the forward-bending of the upper body (flexion) are well investigated by both in vivo and in vitro experiments. In both cases, the experimentally observed relative motion of vertebral bodies can be used to calculate the instantaneous center of rotation (ICR). The timely evolution of the ICR, the centrode, is widely utilized for validating computer models and is thought to serve as a criterion for distinguishing healthy and degenerative motion patterns. While in vivo motion can be induced by physiological active structures (muscles), in vitro spinal segments have to be driven by external torque-applying equipment such as spine testers. It is implicitly assumed that muscle-driven and torque-driven centrodes are similar. Here, however, we show that centrodes qualitatively depend on the impetus. Distinction is achieved by introducing confidence regions (ellipses) that comprise centrodes of seven individual multi-body simulation models, performing flexion with and without preload. Muscle-driven centrodes were generally directed superior–anterior and tail-shaped, while torque-driven centrodes were located in a comparably narrow region close to the center of mass of the caudal vertebrae. We thus argue that centrodes resulting from different experimental conditions ought to be compared with caution. Finally, the applicability of our method regarding the analysis of clinical syndromes and the assessment of surgical methods is discussed.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Capitate Kinematics are Eliminated After Accounting for Variation in Carpal Size

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Rainbow ◽  
Joseph J. Crisco ◽  
Douglas C. Moore ◽  
Scott W. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Carpal Bone ◽  
Ulnar Deviation ◽  
Rotation Axes ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
Joint Center ◽  
Best Fit

Previous studies have found gender differences in carpal kinematics, and there are discrepancies in the literature on the location of the flexion∕extension and radio-ulnar deviation rotation axes of the wrist. It has been postulated that these differences are due to carpal bone size differences rather than gender and that they may be resolved by normalizing the kinematics by carpal size. The purpose of this study was to determine if differences in radio-capitate kinematics are a function of size or gender. We also sought to determine if a best-fit pivot point (PvP) describes the radio-capitate joint as a ball-and-socket articulation. By using an in vivo markerless bone registration technique applied to computed tomography scans of 26 male and 28 female wrists, we applied scaling derived from capitate length to radio-capitate kinematics, characterized by a best-fit PvP. We determined if radio-capitate kinematics behave as a ball-and-socket articulation by examining the error in the best-fit PvP. Scaling PvP location completely removed gender differences (P=0.3). This verifies that differences in radio-capitate kinematics are due to size and not gender. The radio-capitate joint did not behave as a perfect ball and socket because helical axes representing anatomical motions such as flexion-extension, radio-ulnar deviation, dart throwers, and antidart throwers, were located at distances up to 4.5mm from the PvP. Although the best-fit PvP did not yield a single center of rotation, it was still consistently found within the proximal pole of the capitate, and rms errors of the best-fit PvP calculation were on the order of 2mm. Therefore, the ball-and-socket model of the wrist joint center using the best-fit PvP is appropriate when considering gross motion of the hand with respect to the forearm such as in optical motion capture models. However, the ball-and-socket model of the wrist is an insufficient description of the complex motion of the capitate with respect to the radius. These findings may aid in the design of wrist external fixation and orthotics.

Development of an in-vivo method of wrist joint motion analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Leonard ◽  
D. Sirkett ◽  
G. Mullineux ◽  
G.E.B Giddins ◽  
A.W. Miles
Keyword(s):  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Joint Motion

scholarly journals Scapholunate ligament injury adversely alters in vivo wrist joint mechanics: An MRI-based modeling study

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1455-1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua E. Johnson ◽  
Phil Lee ◽  
Terence E. McIff ◽  
E. Bruce Toby ◽  
Kenneth J. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Joint Mechanics ◽  
Scapholunate Ligament ◽  
Scapholunate Ligament Injury ◽  
Modeling Study

scholarly journals A107 In vivo Contact Mechanism Analysis of Human Wrist Joint

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008.19 (0) ◽  
pp. 13-14
Author(s):  
Keisuke SASAGAWA ◽  
Makoto SAKAMOTO ◽  
Hidenori YOSHIDA ◽  
Koichi KOBAYASHI ◽  
Yuji TANABE
Keyword(s):  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Mechanism Analysis ◽  
Contact Mechanism

In vivo measurement of human wrist extensor muscle sarcomere length changes

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 874-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Lieber ◽  
G. J. Loren ◽  
J. Friden
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Sarcomere Length ◽  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Full Extension ◽  
Joint Rotation ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Tendon Lengthening ◽  
Angle Rotation ◽  
Length Changes

1. Human extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) sarcomere length was measured intraoperatively in five subjects using laser diffraction. 2. In a separate cadaveric study, ECRB tendons were loaded to the muscle's predicted maximum tetanic tension, and tendon strain was measured to estimate active sarcomere shortening at the expense of tendon lengthening. 3. As the wrist joint was passively flexed from full extension to full flexion, ECRB sarcomere length increased from 2.6 to 3.4 microns at a rate of 7.6 nm/deg joint angle rotation. Correcting for tendon elongation during muscle activation yielded an active sarcomere length range of 2.44 to 3.33 microns. Maximal predicted sarcomere shortening accompanying muscle activation was dependent on initial sarcomere length and was always < 0.15 microns, suggesting a minimal effect of tendon compliance. 4. Thin filament lengths measured from electron micrographs of muscle biopsies obtained from the same region of the ECRB muscles were 1.30 +/- .027 (SE) microns whereas thick filaments were 1.66 +/- .027 microns long, suggesting an optimal sarcomere length of 2.80 microns and a maximum sarcomere length for active force generation of 4.26 microns. 5. These experiments demonstrate that human skeletal muscles can function on the descending limb of their sarcomere length-tension relationship under physiological conditions. Thus, muscle force changes during joint rotation are an important component of the motor control system.

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