Implantable Transducers and Systems: Closed-Loop Physiological Control

1980 ◽  
Vol BME-27 (5) ◽  
pp. 292-292
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Physiological Control

scholarly journals Assessment of the Use of Multi-Channel Organic Electrodes to Record ENG on Small Nerves: Application to Phrenic Nerve Burst Detection

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5594
Author(s):  
Yvan Avdeew ◽  
Victor Bergé-Laval ◽  
Virginie Le Le Rolle ◽  
Gabriel Dieuset ◽  
David Moreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phrenic Nerve ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Physiological Control ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
Channel Electrode ◽  
Organic Electrodes

Effective closed-loop neuromodulation relies on the acquisition of appropriate physiological control variables and the delivery of an appropriate stimulation signal. In particular, electroneurogram (ENG) data acquired from a set of electrodes applied at the surface of the nerve may be used as a potential control variable in this field. Improved electrode technologies and data processing methods are clearly needed in this context. In this work, we evaluated a new electrode technology based on multichannel organic electrodes (OE) and applied a signal processing chain in order to detect respiratory-related bursts from the phrenic nerve. Phrenic ENG (pENG) were acquired from nine Long Evans rats in situ preparations. For each preparation, a 16-channel OE was applied around the phrenic nerve’s surface and a suction electrode was applied to the cut end of the same nerve. The former electrode provided input multivariate pENG signals while the latter electrode provided the gold standard for data analysis. Correlations between OE signals and that from the gold standard were estimated. Signal to noise ratio (SNR) and ROC curves were built to quantify phrenic bursts detection performance. Correlation score showed the ability of the OE to record high-quality pENG. Our methods allowed good phrenic bursts detection. However, we failed to demonstrate a spatial selectivity from the multiple pENG recorded with our OE matrix. Altogether, our results suggest that highly flexible and biocompatible multi-channel electrode may represent an interesting alternative to metallic cuff electrodes to perform nerve bursts detection and/or closed-loop neuromodulation.

Closed-loop physiological control of the heart

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 415-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiichi Sagawa
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Physiological Control

Intestinal Bacteriology of Closed Loop, Strangulated Obstruction in Dogs.

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
George H. Bornside ◽  
Isidore Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop

The Impact of Visual Feedback Type on the Mastery of Visuo-Motor Transformations

2012 ◽  
Vol 220 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Sülzenbrück
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Motor Planning ◽  
Visual Input ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Feedback Type ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Impact

For the effective use of modern tools, the inherent visuo-motor transformation needs to be mastered. The successful adjustment to and learning of these transformations crucially depends on practice conditions, particularly on the type of visual feedback during practice. Here, a review about empirical research exploring the influence of continuous and terminal visual feedback during practice on the mastery of visuo-motor transformations is provided. Two studies investigating the impact of the type of visual feedback on either direction-dependent visuo-motor gains or the complex visuo-motor transformation of a virtual two-sided lever are presented in more detail. The findings of these studies indicate that the continuous availability of visual feedback supports performance when closed-loop control is possible, but impairs performance when visual input is no longer available. Different approaches to explain these performance differences due to the type of visual feedback during practice are considered. For example, these differences could reflect a process of re-optimization of motor planning in a novel environment or represent effects of the specificity of practice. Furthermore, differences in the allocation of attention during movements with terminal and continuous visual feedback could account for the observed differences.

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