Panel Description: Evolving Software Models for Global Organizations

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Subramanyan
Keyword(s):  
Global Organizations ◽  
Software Models

The Language of Global Success

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsedal Neeley
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
Global Organizations ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Language ◽  
Language Strategies ◽  
Native Tongue

For nearly three decades, English has been the lingua franca of cross-border business, yet studies on global language strategies have been scarce. Providing a rare behind-the-scenes look at the high-tech giant Rakuten in the five years following its English mandate, this book explores how language shapes the ways in which employees in global organizations communicate and negotiate linguistic and cultural differences. Drawing on 650 interviews conducted across Rakuten's locations around the world, the book argues that an organization's lingua franca is the catalyst by which all employees become some kind of “expat”—detached from their native tongue or culture. Demonstrating that language can serve as the conduit for an unfamiliar culture, often in unexpected ways, the book uncovers how all organizations might integrate language effectively to tap into the promise of globalization.

The Decline of the Liberal Global Order and the Revival of Nationalism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yale H. Ferguson ◽  
Richard W. Mansbach
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Global Organizations ◽  
Obama Administration ◽  
Us Hegemony ◽  
National Populism

This chapter addresses the erosion of the postwar liberal global order and the accompanying disorder in global politics. It describes the perceptions of declining US hegemony during the Obama administration of American decline and the return of geopolitical and economic rivalries that are undermining the liberal order. The election of President Donald Trump in 2016 in the United States was the most significant manifestation of national populism that has emerged in recent years in Europe and elsewhere. The profile of supporters of national populism are much the same globally. They oppose so-called elites and immigrants (especially minorities) whom they blame for the loss of manufacturing jobs. After defining national populism, the chapter describes how it fosters isolationism and malignant nationalism and focuses on national interests rather than global cooperation. Such policies threaten the movement of goods and people, multinational global organizations, and the postwar order in which globalization thrives.

scholarly journals Does agricultural intensification cause tipping points in ecosystem services?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. L. Watson ◽  
Adrian C. Newton ◽  
Lucy E. Ridding ◽  
Paul M. Evans ◽  
Steven Brand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Policy Option ◽  
List Type ◽  
Tipping Points ◽  
Software Models ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Study Interval ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Context Agricultural intensification is being widely pursued as a policy option to improve food security and human development. Yet, there is a need to understand the impact of agricultural intensification on the provision of multiple ecosystem services, and to evaluate the possible occurrence of tipping points. Objectives To quantify and assess the long-term spatial dynamics of ecosystem service (ES) provision in a landscape undergoing agricultural intensification at four time points 1930, 1950, 1980 and 2015. Determine if thresholds or tipping points in ES provision may have occurred and if there are any detectable impacts on economic development and employment. Methods We used the InVEST suite of software models together with a time series of historical land cover maps and an Input–Output model to evaluate these dynamics over an 85-year period in the county of Dorset, southern England. Results Results indicated that trends in ES were often non-linear, highlighting the potential for abrupt changes in ES provision to occur in response to slight changes in underlying drivers. Despite the fluctuations in provision of different ES, overall economic activity increased almost linearly during the study interval, in line with the increase in agricultural productivity. Conclusions Such non-linear thresholds in ES will need to be avoided in the future by approaches aiming to deliver sustainable agricultural intensification. A number of positive feedback mechanisms are identified that suggest these thresholds could be considered as tipping points. However, further research into these feedbacks is required to fully determine the occurrence of tipping points in agricultural systems.

scholarly journals Drawing Reproducible Conclusions from Observational Clinical Data with OHDSI

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Hripcsak ◽  
Martijn J. Schuemie ◽  
David Madigan ◽  
Patrick B. Ryan ◽  
Marc A. Suchard
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Common Data Model ◽  
Administrative Claims ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Software Models

Summary Objective: The current observational research literature shows extensive publication bias and contradiction. The Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) initiative seeks to improve research reproducibility through open science. Methods: OHDSI has created an international federated data source of electronic health records and administrative claims that covers nearly 10% of the world’s population. Using a common data model with a practical schema and extensive vocabulary mappings, data from around the world follow the identical format. OHDSI’s research methods emphasize reproducibility, with a large-scale approach to addressing confounding using propensity score adjustment with extensive diagnostics; negative and positive control hypotheses to test for residual systematic error; a variety of data sources to assess consistency and generalizability; a completely open approach including protocol, software, models, parameters, and raw results so that studies can be externally verified; and the study of many hypotheses in parallel so that the operating characteristics of the methods can be assessed. Results: OHDSI has already produced findings in areas like hypertension treatment that are being incorporated into practice, and it has produced rigorous studies of COVID-19 that have aided government agencies in their treatment decisions, that have characterized the disease extensively, that have estimated the comparative effects of treatments, and that the predict likelihood of advancing to serious complications. Conclusions: OHDSI practices open science and incorporates a series of methods to address reproducibility. It has produced important results in several areas, including hypertension therapy and COVID-19 research.

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