Analysis of Gait Features between Loaded and Normal Gait

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Samudin ◽  
W. N. Mohd Isa ◽  
T. H. Maul ◽  
W. K. Lai
Keyword(s):  
Normal Gait ◽  
Gait Features

scholarly journals How does external lateral stabilization constrain normal gait, apart from improving medio-lateral gait stability?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Mahaki ◽  
Trienke IJmker ◽  
Han Houdijk ◽  
Sjoerd Matthijs Bruijn
Keyword(s):  
Step Length ◽  
Step Width ◽  
Arm Swing ◽  
Gait Stability ◽  
Normal Gait ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Gait Features ◽  
Pelvis Rotation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Anterior Posterior

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of external lateral stabilization on medio-lateral gait stability has been investigated previously. However, existing lateral stabilization devices not only constrains lateral motions, but also transverse and frontal pelvis rotations. This study aimed to investigate the effect of external lateral stabilization with and without constrained transverse pelvis rotation on mechanical and metabolic gait features.MethodsWe undertook 2 experiments with eleven and ten young adult subjects, respectively. Experiment 2 supplemented experiment 1, as it considered several potential confounding factors in the design and set-up of experiment 1. Kinematic, kinetic, and breath-by-breath oxygen consumption data were recorded during 3 walking conditions (normal walking (Normal), lateral stabilization with (Free) and without transverse pelvis rotation (Restricted)) and at 3 speeds (0.83, 1.25, and 1.66 m/s) for each condition.ResultsExternal lateral stabilization significantly reduced the amplitudes of the transverse and frontal pelvis rotations, medio-lateral pelvis displacement, transverse thorax rotation, arm swing, and step width. The amplitudes of free vertical moment, anterior-posterior and vertical pelvis displacements, step length, and energy cost were not significantly influenced by external lateral stabilization. The removal of transverse pelvis rotation restriction by our experimental set-up resulted in significantly higher transverse pelvis rotation, although it remained significantly less than Normal condition. In concert, concomitant gait features such as transverse thorax rotation and arm swing were not significantly influenced by our new set-up.ConclusionExisting lateral stabilization set-ups not only constrain medio-lateral motions (i.e. medio-lateral pelvis displacement), but also constrains other movements such as transverse and frontal pelvis rotations, which leads to several other gait changes such as reduced transverse thorax rotation, and arm swing. Our new setup allowed for more transverse pelvis rotation, however, this did not result in more normal pelvis rotation, arm swing, etc. Hence, to provide medio-lateral support without constraining other gait variables, more elaborate set-ups are needed. Unless such a set-up is realized the observed side effects need to be taken into account when interpreting the effects of lateral stabilization as reported in previous studies.

scholarly journals Inflammatory factors are crucial for the pathogenesis of post-traumatic osteoarthritis confirmed by a novel porcine model: “Idealized” anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction” and gait analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruipeng Zhao ◽  
Zhengquan Dong ◽  
Xiaochun Wei ◽  
Xiaodong Gu ◽  
Pengfei Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ligament Reconstruction ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Normal Gait ◽  
Gait Features ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background: The study was performed to determine whether idealized anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (IACL-R) restores normal gait features, and whether inflammatory factors are involved in the pathogenesis of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA).Methods: Fourteen mature female minipigs were allocated to a sham group (n = 7) or an IACL-R group (n = 7). Load asymmetry during gait was recorded using a pressure-sensing walkway measurement system to evaluate the gait features of the right knee joint before and after surgery. Inflammatory factors (including interleukin [IL]-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor-α, and granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor) in synovial fluid were measured using Luminex assays before and after surgery. Cartilage integrity and the subchondral bone plate of the right knee were evaluated using histology and imaging at 3 months postoperatively.Results: Swing time and stance time returned to their preoperative values on day 31, while maximum force, contact area, peak force ,and impulse returned to their preoperative values on day 45 after the surgery in the IACL-R group (P = 0.073, 0.053, 0.107, 0.052, 0.152, and 0.059, respectively).Thus, IACL-R restored normal gait. Compared with their preoperative concentrations, all tested inflammatory factors showed significantly increased concentrations in the synovial fluid in the IACL-R group, especially at 3, 7, and 15 days postoperatively. X-ray, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and histological data showed severe cartilage damage in the IACL-R model.Conclusion: IACL-R restored normal gait features but caused significant cartilage damage, indicating that significantly elevated inflammatory factors maybe crucial for the pathogenesis of PTOA.

scholarly journals How does external lateral stabilization constrain normal gait, apart from improving medio-lateral gait stability?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Mahaki ◽  
Trienke IJmker ◽  
Han Houdijk ◽  
Sjoerd Matthijs Bruijn
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Step Width ◽  
Arm Swing ◽  
Gait Stability ◽  
Normal Gait ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Gait Features ◽  
Pelvis Rotation ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Background: The effect of external lateral stabilization on medio-lateral gait stability has been investigated previously. However, existing lateral stabilization devices not only constrain lateral motions but also transverse and frontal pelvis rotations. This study aimed to investigate the effect of external lateral stabilization with and without constrained transverse pelvis rotation on mechanical and metabolic gait features. Methods: We undertook two experiments with 11 and 10 young adult subjects, respectively. Kinematic, kinetic and breath-by-breath oxygen consumption data were recorded during three walking conditions (normal walking (Normal), lateral stabilization with (Free) and without transverse pelvis rotation (Restricted)) and at three speeds (0.83, 1.25 and 1.66 m s −1 ) for each condition. In the second experiment, we reduced the weight of the frame, and allowed for longer habituation time to the stabilized conditions. Results: External lateral stabilization significantly reduced the amplitudes of the transverse and frontal pelvis rotations, in addition to medio-lateral, anterior–posterior, and vertical pelvis displacements, transverse thorax rotation, arm swing, step length and step width. The amplitudes of free vertical moment, anterior–posterior drift over a trial, and energy cost were not significantly influenced by external lateral stabilization. The removal of pelvic rotation restrictions by our experimental set-ups resulted in normal frontal pelvis rotation in Experiment 1 and significantly higher transverse pelvis rotation in Experiment 2, although transverse pelvis rotation still remained significantly less than in the Normal condition. Step length increased with the increased transverse pelvis rotation. Conclusion: Existing lateral stabilization set-ups not only constrain medio-lateral motions (i.e. medio-lateral pelvis displacement) but also constrain other movements such as transverse and frontal pelvis rotations, which leads to several other gait changes such as reduced transverse thorax rotation, and arm swing. Our new set-ups allowed for normal frontal pelvis rotation and more transverse pelvis rotation (yet less than normal). However, this did not result in more normal thorax rotation and arm swing. Hence, to provide medio-lateral support without constraining other gait variables, more elaborate set-ups are needed.

scholarly journals Effect of foot–floor friction on the external moment about the body center of mass during shuffling gait: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Yamaguchi ◽  
Kei Shibata ◽  
Hiromi Wada ◽  
Hiroshi Kakehi ◽  
Kazuo Hokkirigawa
Keyword(s):  
Friction Surface ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Young Male ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Normal Gait ◽  
External Moment ◽  
Body Center ◽  
Floor Condition

AbstractHerein, we investigated the effect of friction between foot sole and floor on the external forward moment about the body center of mass (COM) in normal and shuffling gaits. Five young male adults walked with normal and shuffling gaits, under low- and high-friction surface conditions. The maximum external forward moment about the COM (MEFM-COM) in a normal gait appeared approximately at initial foot contact and was unaffected by floor condition. However, MEFM-COM in a shuffling gait under high-friction conditions exceeded that under low-friction conditions (p < 0.001). Therein, MEFM-COM increased with an increasing utilized coefficient of friction at initial foot contact; this effect was weaker during a normal gait. These findings indicate that increased friction between foot sole and floor might increase tripping risk during a shuffling gait, even in the absence of discrete physical obstacles.

Discrimination capability of linear and nonlinear gait features in group classification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo de Mendonça Mesquita ◽  
Fábio Barbosa Rodrigues ◽  
Adriano Péricles Rodrigues ◽  
Thiago Santana Lemes ◽  
Adriano O. Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Classification ◽  
Discrimination Capability ◽  
Gait Features ◽  
Linear And Nonlinear

Classifying gait features for stance and swing using machine learning

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaitanya Nutakki ◽  
Jyothisree Narayanan ◽  
Aswathy Anitha Anchuthengil ◽  
Bipin Nair ◽  
Shyam Diwakar
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Gait Features

scholarly journals Understanding the Physiological Significance of Four Inertial Gait Features in Multiple Sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sriram Raju Dandu ◽  
Matthew M. Engelhard ◽  
Asma Qureshi ◽  
Jiaqi Gong ◽  
John C. Lach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Physiological Significance ◽  
Gait Features

scholarly journals The Importance of Being Earnest about Shank and Thigh Kinematics Especially When Using Ankle-Foot Orthoses

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Owen
Keyword(s):  
Joint Kinematics ◽  
Foot Orthoses ◽  
Traditional Beliefs ◽  
Vertical Angle ◽  
Gait Biomechanics ◽  
Normal Gait ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthoses ◽  
Pathological Gait ◽  
Kinematics And Kinetics

This paper reviews and summarizes the evidence for important observations of normal and pathological gait and presents an approach to rehabilitation and orthotic management, which is based on the significance of shank and thigh kinematics for standing and gait. It discusses normal gait biomechanics, challenging some traditional beliefs, the interrelationship between segment kinematics, joint kinematics and kinetics and their relationship to orthotic design, alignment and tuning. It proposes a description of four rather than three rockers in gait; a simple categorization of pathological gait based on shank kinematics abnormality; an algorithm for the designing, aligning and tuning of AFO-Footwear Combinations; and an algorithm for determining the sagittal angle of the ankle in an AFO. It reports the results of research on Shank to Vertical Angle alignment of tuned AFO-Footwear Combinations and on the use of ‘point loading’ rocker soles.

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