Generation of new blood vessels in the human retina with L-system fractal construction

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guedri Hichem ◽  
Jihen Malek
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Human Retina ◽  
L System

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Blood Vessels of the Human Retina by Fractal Interpolation

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hichem Guedri ◽  
Jihen Malek ◽  
Hafedh Belmabrouk
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fractal Interpolation ◽  
Human Retina ◽  
3D Image ◽  
Random Fractal ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Data Points

In this work, data from two-dimensional (2D) images of the human retina were taken as a case study. First, the characteristic data points had been removed using the Douglas–Peucker (DP) method, and subsequently, more data points were added using random fractal interpolation approach, to reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D) model of the blood vessel. By visualizing the result, we can see that all the small blood vessels in the human retina are more visible and detailed. This algorithm of 3D reconstruction has the advantage of being fast with calculation time less than 40 s and also can reduce the 3D image storage level on a disk with a reduction ratio between 78% and 96.65%.

scholarly journals Removal of False Blood Vessels Using Shape Based Features and Image Inpainting

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amna Waheed ◽  
Zahra Waheed ◽  
M. Usman Akram ◽  
Arslan Shaukat
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Image Inpainting ◽  
Human Retina ◽  
Ocular Diseases ◽  
Vascular Disorder ◽  
Automated Quantification ◽  
Vessel Detection ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Diagnosis

Automated quantification of blood vessels in human retina is the fundamental step in designing any computer-aided diagnosis system for ophthalmic disorders. Detection and analysis of variations in blood vessels can be used to diagnose several ocular diseases like diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic Retinopathy is a progressive vascular disorder caused due to variations in blood vessels of retina. These variations bring different abnormalities like lesions, exudates, and hemorrhages in human retina which make the vessel detection problematic. Therefore, automated retinal analysis is required to cater the effect of lesions while segmenting blood vessels. The proposed framework presents two improved approaches to carry out vessel segmentation in the presence of lesions. The paper mainly aims to extract true vessels by reducing the effect of abnormal structures significantly. First method is a supervised approach which extracts true vessels by performing region based analysis of retinal image, while second method intends to remove lesions before extracting blood vessels by using an inpainting technique. Both methods are evaluated on STARE and DRIVE and on our own database AFIO. Experimental results demonstrate the excellence of the proposed system.

scholarly journals Arterial bifurcations in the human retina.

1979 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Zamir ◽  
J A Medeiros ◽  
T K Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Human Retina ◽  
Human Eye ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Normal Human

The branching angles and relative diameters of blood vessels in 51 arterial bifurcations in the retina of a normal human eye were measured. In eight other bifurcations, only the total branching angles were measured. The results are compared with theoretical predictions in an attempt to understand the physiological principles governing branching in the cardiovascular system.

scholarly journals 3D Structural Model and Visualization of Blood Vessels Based on L-System

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 1407
Author(s):  
Siriprapa Ritraksa ◽  
Khamron Mekchay
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Murray's Law ◽  
Murray’S Law ◽  
L System ◽  
Angle Condition ◽  
System L ◽  
Additional Assumptions

The insight in structures of the blood vessels is a basis for study of blood flows to help understanding the abnormalities of blood vessels that can cause vascular diseases. Basic concept used for constructing structures of blood vessels in organs is arterial branching, which is usually characterized by fractal similarity in the bifurcation pattern. In this work, the concept of Lindenmayer system (L-system) is modified for three-dimensional (3D) tree-like structures to model structures of blood vessels in organs, and then, applied to construct and visualize structural blood vessels via our software created based on openGL and Lazarus program. The structure of blood vessels is constructed based on the physiological law of arterial branching proposed Murray (Murray’s law) under additional assumptions and constraints such as the spreading of blood vessels to cover all directions, the angle condition and the non-overlapping vessels condition. The concept is applied to simulate structures of blood vessels in 3 study cases, including symmetric arterial branching, non-symmetric arterial branching and structure of blood vessel on different domains. The results of structures of blood vessels generated from all cases are measured based on the number of segments, the total blood volume and the fractal dimension. The results of modeling and simulation in this work are illustrated by comparing with other results appeared literature. Moreover, the constructed structures of the blood vessels based on this 3D L-system could be useful for future research such as blood flow, pressure and other properties involving in structures of blood vessels in different organs of human and animals. HIGHLIGHTS A new 3D L-system is developed based on directional vectors for construction of 3D tree-like structures such as structures of blood vessels The model of structures of blood vessels is constructed based on the physiological laws of arterial branching (Murray’s law) with additional assumptions on the spreading of blood vessels, the angle condition, and the non-overlapping of blood vessels Algorithm and software are developed based on L-system to simulate and visualize 3D structures of blood vessels GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

scholarly journals A Novel Based Algorithm for the Extraction of Blood Vessels Present In Retina

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2878-2883
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Iris Recognition ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Retinal Images ◽  
Human Retina ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
Physiological Information ◽  
Palm Print ◽  
Hand Geometry ◽  
Modified Algorithm

The purpose of tagging and describe about individuals, using the uniqueness and measurable characteristics of Biometric identifiers. These characteristics are classified as Behavioral versus Physiological. Information related to shape of body is presented in the characteristics of Physiological biometric identifiers with example of DNA, iris recognition, hand geometry, palm print, retina, face and fingerprint. Reliable and stable authentication is providing by the Human retina, so it is also consider as biometric system. In this paper we proposing a modified algorithm for the measurement and detecting of blood vessels in the retina with the uses of KNNRF classifier. Extracting the features of input retinal images are matching with the trained features are classified byusing the KNNRF classifier. For the purpose of classifying clustered blood vessels with high accuracy, KNNRF method is used.

scholarly journals Modelling of retinal vasculature based on genetically tuned parametric L-system

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 171639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Ali Aghamirmohammadali ◽  
Ramin Bozorgmehry Boozarjomehry ◽  
Mohammad Abdekhodaie
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Problem ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Feature Matching ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Retinal Vasculature ◽  
L System ◽  
Retinal Blood Vessels ◽  
System L ◽  
Generating Tree ◽  
Special Instance

Structures of retinal blood vessels are of great importance in diagnosis and treatment of diseases that affect the eyes. Parametric Lindenmayer system (L-system) is one of the powerful rule-based methods that has a great capability for generating tree-like structures using simple rewriting rules. In this study, a novel framework, which can be used to model the retinal vasculature based on available images, has been proposed. This framework presents a solution to special instance of a general open problem, the L-system inverse problem, in which L-system rules should be obtained based on images representing a particular tree-like structure. In this study, genetic algorithm with a novel objective function based on feature matching and an L-system grammar comparison has been used along with nonlinear regression to solve the parametric L-system inverse problem. The resulting L-system growth rules have been employed to predict inaccessible vascular branches. Graphical and quantitative comparison between model results and target structures of different case studies reveals that the proposed framework can be used to generate the structure of retinal blood vessels accurately. Even in the cases lacking sufficient image data, it can provide acceptable predictions.

Author response for "Hemovasculogenic origin of blood vessels in the developing mouse brain"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Gama Sosa ◽  
Rita De Gasperi ◽  
Gissel M. Perez ◽  
Patrick R. Hof ◽  
Gregory A. Elder
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Developing Mouse Brain

Evidence for a Blood Ganglion Barrier in the Superior Cervical Ganglion of the Rat

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 204-204
Author(s):  
D. M. DePace
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Superior Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Time Schedule ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cervical Ganglia ◽  
Capillary Circulation ◽  
And Control

The majority of blood vessels in the superior cervical ganglion possess a continuous endothelium with tight junctions. These same features have been associated with the blood brain barrier of the central nervous system and peripheral nerves. These vessels may perform a barrier function between the capillary circulation and the superior cervical ganglion. The permeability of the blood vessels in the superior cervical ganglion of the rat was tested by intravenous injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Three experimental groups of four animals each were given intravenous HRP (Sigma Type II) in a dosage of.08 to.15 mg/gm body weight in.5 ml of.85% saline. The animals were sacrificed at five, ten or 15 minutes following administration of the tracer. Superior cervical ganglia were quickly removed and fixed by immersion in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in Sorenson's.1M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. Three control animals received,5ml of saline without HRP. These were sacrificed on the same time schedule. Tissues from experimental and control animals were reacted for peroxidase activity and then processed for routine transmission electron microscopy.

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