scholarly journals Providing Tool-Support for Value-Based Decision-Making: A Usability Assessment

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor Freitas ◽  
Emilia Mendes ◽  
Burak Turhan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Tool Support ◽  
Usability Assessment

Data Warehouse Support for Policy Enforcement Rule Formulation

2019 ◽  
pp. 255-273
Author(s):  
Deepika Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Data Warehouse ◽  
Conversion Process ◽  
Tool Support ◽  
Policy Enforcement ◽  
Decision Making Problem ◽  
Operational Decision Making ◽  
Early Information ◽  
Support Decision Making ◽  
Policy Violation

It is believed that a data warehouse is for operational decision making. Recently, a proposal was made to support decision making for formulating policy enforcement rules that enforce policies. These rules are expressed in the WHEN-IF-THEN form. Guidelines are proposed to elicit two types of actions, triggering actions that cause the policy violation and the corresponding correcting actions. The decision-making problem is that of selecting the most appropriate correcting action in the event of a policy violation. This selection requires information. The elicited information is unstructured and is “early.” This work is extended by proposing a method to directly convert early information into its multi-dimensional form. For this, an early information mode is proposed. The proposed conversion process is a fully automated one. Further, the tool support is extended to accommodate the conversion process. The authors also apply the method to a health domain.

scholarly journals Improving Clinician Decisions and Communication in Critical Care Using Novel Information Technology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Pamplin ◽  
Christopher P Nemeth ◽  
Maria L Serio-Melvin ◽  
Sarah J Murray ◽  
Gregory T Rule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Usability Assessment ◽  
Decision Points ◽  
Clinical Scenarios

Abstract Introduction The electronic medical record (EMR) is presumed to support clinician decisions by documenting and retrieving patient information. Research shows that the EMR variably affects patient care and clinical decision making. The way information is presented likely has a significant impact on this variability. Well-designed representations of salient information can make a task easier by integrating information in useful patterns that clinicians use to make improved clinical judgments and decisions. Using Cognitive Systems Engineering methods, our research team developed a novel health information technology (NHIT) that interfaces with the EMR to display salient clinical information and enabled communication with a dedicated text-messaging feature. The software allows clinicians to customize displays according to their role and information needs. Here we present results of usability and validation assessments of the NHIT. Materials and Methods Our subjects were physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and physician trainees. Two arms of this study were conducted, a usability assessment and then a validation assessment. The usability assessment was a computer-based simulation using deceased patient data. After a brief five-minute orientation, the usability assessment measured individual clinician performance of typical tasks in two clinical scenarios using the NHIT. The clinical scenarios included patient admission to the unit and patient readiness for surgery. We evaluated clinician perspective about the NHIT after completing tasks using 7-point Likert scale surveys. In the usability assessment, the primary outcome was participant perceptions about the system’s ease of use compared to the legacy system. A subsequent cross-over, validation assessment compared performance of two clinical teams during simulated care scenarios: one using only the legacy IT system and one using the NHIT in addition to the legacy IT system. We oriented both teams to the NHIT during a 1-hour session on the night before the first scenario. Scenarios were conducted using high-fidelity simulation in a real burn intensive care unit room. We used observations, task completion times, semi-structured interviews, and surveys to compare user decisions and perceptions about their performance. The primary outcome for the validation assessment was time to reach accurate (correct) decision points. Results During the usability assessment, clinicians were able to complete all tasks requested. Clinicians reported the NHIT was easier to use and the novel information display allowed for easier data interpretation compared to subject recollection of the legacy EMR. In the validation assessment, a more junior team of clinicians using the NHIT arrived at accurate diagnoses and decision points at similar times as a more experienced team. Both teams noted improved communication between team members when using the NHIT and overall rated the NHIT as easier to use than the legacy EMR, especially with respect to finding information. Conclusions The primary findings of these assessments are that clinicians found the NHIT easy to use despite minimal training and experience and that it did not degrade clinician efficiency or decision-making accuracy. These findings are in contrast to common user experiences when introduced to new EMRs in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Beyond pros and cons – developing a patient decision aid to cultivate dialog to build relationships: insights from a qualitative study and decision aid development

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine H. Yu ◽  
◽  
Calvin Ke ◽  
Aleksandra Jovicic ◽  
Susan Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Shared Decision Making ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Priority Setting ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Decision Aid ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Usability Assessment

Abstract Background An individualized approach using shared decision-making (SDM) and goal setting is a person-centred strategy that may facilitate prioritization of treatment options. SDM has not been adopted extensively in clinical practice. An interprofessional approach to SDM with tools to facilitate patient participation may overcome barriers to SDM use. The aim was to explore decision-making experiences of health professionals and people with diabetes (PwD), then develop an intervention to facilitate interprofessional shared decision-making (IP-SDM) and goal-setting. Methods This was a multi-phased study. 1) Feasibility: Using a descriptive qualitative study, individual interviews with primary care physicians, nurses, dietitians, pharmacists, and PwD were conducted. The interviews explored their experiences with SDM and priority-setting, including facilitators and barriers, relevance of a decision aid for priority-setting, and integration of SDM and a decision aid into practice. 2) Development: An evidence-based SDM toolkit was developed, consisting of an online decision aid, MyDiabetesPlan, and implementation tools. MyDiabetesPlan was reviewed by content experts for accuracy and comprehensiveness. Usability assessment was done with 3) heuristic evaluation and 4) user testing, followed by 5) refinement. Results Seven PwD and 10 clinicians participated in the interviews. From interviews with PwD, we identified that: (1) approaches to decision-making were diverse and dynamic; (2) a trusting relationship with the clinician and dialog were critical precursors to SDM; and, (3) goal-setting was a dynamic process. From clinicians, we found: (1) complementary (holistic and disease specific) approaches to the complex patient were used; (2) patient-provider agendas for goal-setting were often conflicting; (3) a flexible approach to decision-making was needed; and, (4) conflict could be resolved through SDM. Following usability assessment, we redesigned MyDiabetesPlan to consist of data collection and recommendation stages. Findings were used to finalize a multi-component toolkit and implementation strategy, consisting of MyDiabetesPlan, instructional card and videos, and orientation meetings with participating patients and clinicians. Conclusions A decision aid can provide information, facilitate clinician-patient dialog and strengthen the therapeutic relationship. Implementation of the decision aid can fit into a model of team care that respects and exemplifies professional identity, and can facilitate intra-team communication. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02379078. Date of Registration: 11 February 2015.

scholarly journals Tools Integration for Supporting Software Measurement: A Systematic Literature Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-108
Author(s):  
Vinícius Soares Fonseca ◽  
Monalessa Perini Barcellos ◽  
Ricardo De Almeida Falbo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Process Quality ◽  
Tool Support ◽  
Tool Integration ◽  
Software Measurement

Software measurement (SM) is a key area to support process quality improvement and project management. Due to the nature of the measurement activities, tool support is essential. Tools can be combined to support the SM process and provide necessary information for decision making. However, tools are usually developed without concern for integration. As a result, organizations have to deal with integration issues to enable communication between tools. Aiming at investigating studies in the literature that report initiatives involving tool integration for supporting SM, we performed a systematic literature review. Twelve initiatives were found. This paper presents the results of the systematic review and discusses the main findings.

Understanding the effectiveness of partnership-based early childhood interventions

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Kelaher ◽  
Judith Gray ◽  
David Dunt
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Tool Support ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Collaborative Decision Making ◽  
Intervention Level ◽  
Partnership Effectiveness ◽  
Collaborative Decision

In this paper, we seek to understand the relationship between partnership effectiveness and preschool enrolment in Best Start, an early childhood intervention for children living in disadvantaged areas in Victoria, an Australian State. We will examine the application of theories of partnership effectiveness at a whole of intervention level and in the context of local evaluation initiatives at the Broadmeadows Early Years Partnership. For the statewide intervention, partnership effectiveness was measured using the VicHealth Partnership Analysis Tool at 11 Best Start Sites. The dependent variable was preschool enrolment in Best Start local government area. For the Broadmeadows Early Years Partnership case study, partnership is conceptualised in terms of the Lasker and Weiss (2003) model of collaborative decision making. Scores rose significantly between the two applications of the VicHealth Partnership Analysis Tool at the beginning and end of the Best Start funding period on almost all of the dimensions of the VicHealth Tool. Support for ‘making partnerships work’, ‘minimising barriers to partnerships’ and the ‘total’ partnership scores were associated with increased preschool enrolments. The results of the case study supported the model for collaborative decision making with particular emphasis on the role of shared leadership, synergy and bridging social ties as crucial processes in improving service integration. The results of the statewide intervention and the case study both provide evidence of the value of partnership approaches in improving service uptake and integration for children living in disadvantaged areas. The study also supports current conceptualisations of partnership value and effectiveness.

scholarly journals Perinatal Nurses Respond to Shared Decision-Making Education: A Quasi-Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-176
Author(s):  
Ashley Furr ◽  
Dana E. Brackney ◽  
Rebecca L. Turpin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Shared Decision Making ◽  
Tool Support ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Women’S Autonomy ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Women's Autonomy ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Women describe a loss of autonomy during childbirth as a contributing factor to labor dissatisfaction. Shared decision-making with choice, option, and decision talk may improve satisfaction. Nurses (n = 29) received education on supporting women's autonomy with a standardized communication tool (SUPPORT) to facilitate shared decision-making and create an evolving birth plan. This quasi-experimental pre-/post-test design evaluated participant responses to the education module. Participants supported the use of the SUPPORT tool for shared decision-making and developing evolving birth plans. Most recommended initiation between 13- and 26-weeks' gestation. Nurses' willingness to advocate for women's autonomy increased significantly after education (p = .022). Shared decision-making with standardized perinatal communication may support a woman's perinatal education and her satisfaction with labor.

scholarly journals Studying Conceptual Modeling Processes: A Modeling Tool, Research Observatory, and Multimodal Observation Setup

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-111
Author(s):  
Stefan Strecker ◽  
Kristina Rosenthal ◽  
Benjamin Ternes
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Conceptual Modeling ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Modeling Processes ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Tool Support ◽  
Modeling Tool ◽  
The Past ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

AbstractWhat do (non-)experienced modelers reason while conceptual modeling and how do they arrive at modeling decisions, which modeling and learning difficulties do they face and why, and how do they overcome these difficulties by tailored modeling tool support are questions of relevance and importance to practicing modelers and, likewise, to conceptual modeling research. For the past 7 years, we have been designing, developing, and evaluating a modeling tool integrating a research observatory aimed at studying individual modeling processes online, in the field, and under laboratory conditions—to contribute to a richer understanding of modeler reasoning and decision-making, to identify common modeling and learning difficulties, and, ultimately, to design tool support to mitigate difficulties and to improve assistance for (non-)experienced modelers. We present an overview of the modeling observatory and of a corresponding multimodal observation setup.

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