scholarly journals Attacking the Opioid Epidemic: Determining the Epistatic and Pleiotropic Genetic Architectures for Chronic Pain and Opioid Addiction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Joubert ◽  
Deborah Weighill ◽  
David Kainer ◽  
Sharlee Climer ◽  
Amy Justice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Opioid Addiction ◽  
Opioid Epidemic

scholarly journals Waking up from Dreamland: Opioid Addiction Precipitance and Support for Redistributive Drug Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Chavanne ◽  
Kimberly Goodyear
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Income Redistribution ◽  
Opioid Addiction ◽  
Opioid Epidemic ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Treatment Changes ◽  
Waking Up

AbstractMotivated by the historical components of the ongoing U.S. opioid epidemic, this study examines how public support for redistributive drug treatment changes with awareness that someone’s opioid addiction started with a legally acquired prescription. Using different versions of a vignette, we vary in a randomized design whether someone’s addiction to painkillers started with a legally acquired prescription or with the decision to take pills from a friend. After reading the vignette, participants expressed their level of support for a policy that uses income redistribution to fund a program that provides the person in the vignette with drug treatment. We find that participants are less likely to support redistributive drug treatment when a prescription precipitates the addiction. The results imply that emphasizing the medical establishment’s role in the opioid epidemic may actually make people less likely to favor using redistributive drug treatment to provide support.

Classification and identification of opioid addiction in chronic pain patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1014-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jette Højsted ◽  
Per Rotbøll Nielsen ◽  
Sally Kendall Guldstrand ◽  
Liv Frich ◽  
Per Sjøgren
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Opioid Addiction ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Pain Patients

scholarly journals Diagnosing opioid addiction in people with chronic pain

BMJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. k3949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Gorfinkel ◽  
Pauline Voon ◽  
Evan Wood ◽  
Jan Klimas
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Opioid Addiction

Safety and Efficacy Considerations of Gabapentin as Adjunctive Therapy to Opioids in the Perioperative Setting for Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 436-438
Author(s):  
Edgar Garcia ◽  
Justin P. Reinert ◽  
Michael Veronin
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Adjunctive Therapy ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Opioid Epidemic ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Initial Choice

While opioids have historically been the initial choice of analgesic for both acute and chronic pain, legislative and deprescribing trends as a result of the opioid epidemic have demonstrated an increase in the use of adjunctive therapies. These adjunctive agents are being utilized with increased frequency, especially in older adult patients, as a mechanism to mitigate any likelihood of dependency and in an effort to provide multimodal pain management. As this patient population can be more challenging because of comorbidities, the presence of polypharmacy, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic changes, it is important to evaluate the risk of any relevant adverse effects for opioids and adjuncts that can lead to higher risk of opioid toxicities. Gabapentin is one of the most commonly added adjunctive medications; however, its safety and efficacy in conjunction with opioids has not been exclusively considered in older adult patients in the perioperative setting. This report will summarize available evidence for gabapentin as an adjunctive therapy to opioids in older adult patients undergoing surgery.

Kratom and Future Treatment for the Opioid Addiction and Chronic Pain: Periculo Beneficium?

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismaliza Ismail ◽  
Suzaily Wahab ◽  
Hatta Sidi ◽  
Srijit Das ◽  
Loo Jiann Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Opioid Receptors ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Opioid Addiction ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Substitution Therapy ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa ◽  
Reward Pathways ◽  
Potential Use

Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa), a naturally existing plant found in South-East Asia, is traditionally used as a herb to help elevate a person’s energy and also to treat numerous medical ailments. Other than the analgesic property, kratom has been used as an agent to overcome opioid withdrawal as it contains natural alkaloids, i.e. mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine, and MGM-9, which has agonist affinity on the opioid receptors, including mu (µ) and kappa (κ). The role of neural reward pathways linked to µ-opioid receptors and both dopaminergic and gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic interneurons that express µ-opioid receptors were deliberated. However, kratom has been reported to be abused together with other illicit substances with high risk of potential addiction. There are also anecdotes of adverse effects and toxicity of kratom, i.e. tremor, fatigue, seizure, and death. Different countries have distinctive regulation and policy on the plantation and use of this plant when most of the countries banned the use of it because of its addiction problems and side effects. The aim of this review is to highlight on the potential use of kratom, unique ‘herbs” as a substitution therapy for chronic pain and opioid addiction, based on the neurobiological perspective of pain and the underlying mechanism of actions of drug addiction.

scholarly journals Pain volatility and prescription opioid addiction treatment outcomes in patients with chronic pain.

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 428-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Worley ◽  
Keith G. Heinzerling ◽  
Steven Shoptaw ◽  
Walter Ling
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Opioid Addiction ◽  
Prescription Opioid
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