A New Class of Implicative Fuzzy Associative Memories for the Reconstruction of Gray-Scale Images Corrupted by Salt and Pepper Noise

In the field of image processing, removal of noise from Gray scale as well as RGB images is an ambitious task. The important function of noise removal algorithm is to eliminate noise from a noisy image. The salt and pepper noise (SPN) is frequently arising into Gray scale and RGB images while capturing, acquiring and transmitting over the insecure several communication mechanisms. In past, the numerous noise removal methods have been introduced to extract the noise from images adulterated with SPN. The proposed work introduces the SPN removal algorithm for Gray scale at low along with high density noise (10\% to 90\%). According to the different conditions of proposed algorithm, the noisy pixel is reconstructed by Winsorized mean or mean value of all pixels except the centre pixel which are present in the processing window. The noise from an image can be removed by using the proposed algorithm without degrading the quality of image. The performance evaluation of proposed and modified decision based unsymmetric median filter (MDBUTMF) is done on the basis of different performance parameters such as Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), Image Enhancement Factor (IEF) and Structure Similarity Index Measurement (SSIM).

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Model to estimate the salt and pepper noise density level on gray-scale digital image

EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web ◽

10.4108/eai.12-6-2018.154816 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (18) ◽

pp. 154816

Author(s):

Rajesh Kanna B ◽

Mohd Shafi Bhat ◽

Vijayalakshmi C ◽

Alex Noel Joseph Raj

Keyword(s):

Digital Image ◽

Density Level ◽

Salt And Pepper Noise ◽

Gray Scale ◽

Noise Density ◽

Salt And Pepper

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Hybrid Approach of Efficient Decision-Based Algorithm and Fuzzy Logic for the Removal of High Density Salt and Pepper Noise in Images

Journal of Circuits System and Computers ◽

10.1142/s0218126616501309 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (10) ◽

pp. 1650130 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. Karthikeyan ◽

S. Vasuki

Keyword(s):

Fuzzy Logic ◽

Hybrid Approach ◽

Image Features ◽

Color Images ◽

Fuzzy Membership Function ◽

Salt And Pepper Noise ◽

Gray Scale ◽

Processing Window ◽

Noisy Pixel ◽

Salt And Pepper

In this paper, this hybrid approach of efficient decision-based scheme and fuzzy logic are proposed for the restoration of gray scale and color images that are heavily corrupted by salt and pepper noise. The processed pixel is examined for 0 or 255; if found true, then it is considered as noisy pixel else not noisy. If found noisy the four neighbors of the noisy pixels are checked for 0 or 255. If all the four neighbors of the corrupted pixel are noisy, the mean of the four neighbors replaces the corrupted pixel. If any of the four neighbors is a non-noisy pixel, the number of corrupted pixels is calculated in the current processing window. If the count is less than three, then the noisy pixel is replaced by an unsymmetrical trimmed median. If the current window has more than three noisy pixels, then unsymmetrical trimmed mean replaces the corrupted pixels. If all the pixels of the current processing window are noisy then instead of enhanced decision-based algorithm, the fuzzy membership function of the window is replaced as output processing pixel. The uncorrupted pixel is left unchanged. The proposed algorithm is tested on various gray scale and color images and found that it gives excellent PSNR, high IEF and lowest MSE. Also it preserves the image features like the edges and color components at higher noise densities. The quality of the results of proposed algorithm is superior when compared to the various existing state-of-the-art methods.

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AN ITERATIVE UNSYMMETRICAL TRIMMED MIDPOINT-MEDIAN FILTER FOR REMOVAL OF HIGH DENSITY SALT AND PEPPER NOISE

International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology ◽

10.15623/ijret.2014.0304008 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 03 (04) ◽

pp. 44-50

Author(s):

Jitender Kumar .

Keyword(s):

Median Filter ◽

High Density ◽

Salt And Pepper Noise ◽

Salt And Pepper

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Enhancing the Performance of One Dimensional Median Filter

Restaurant Business ◽

10.26643/rb.v118i7.7249 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 118 (7) ◽

pp. 73-76

Author(s):

Sharanabasappa ◽

P Ravibabu

Keyword(s):

Impulse Noise ◽

Rank Order ◽

Median Filter ◽

Filter Method ◽

Salt And Pepper Noise ◽

Edge Preservation ◽

Word Level ◽

Look Ahead ◽

Filter Architecture ◽

Salt And Pepper

Nowadays, during the process of Image acquisition and transmission, image information data can be corrupted by impulse noise. That noise is classified as salt and pepper noise and random impulse noise depending on the noise values. A median filter is widely used digital nonlinear filter in edge preservation, removing of impulse noise and smoothing of signals. Median filter is the widely used to remove salt and pepper noise than rank order filter, morphological filter, and unsharp masking filter. The median filter replaces a sample with the middle value among all the samples present inside the sample window. A median filter will be of two types depending on the number of samples processed at the same cycle i.e, bit level architecture and word level architecture.. In this paper, Carry Look-ahead Adder median filter method will be introduced to improve the hardware resources used in median filter architecture for 5 window and 9 window for 8 bit and 16 bit median filter architecture.

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