The Effect of Glucocorticoids and LPS on the Functional Activity of RAW Cell Line

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed A. Benghuzzi ◽  
Michelle A. Tucci ◽  
Ibrahim Farah ◽  
Elgenaid Hamadain ◽  
Joseph A. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Functional Activity

scholarly journals Intracellular Neuroprotective Mechanisms in Neuron-Glial Networks Mediated by Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Еlena V. Mitroshina ◽  
Tatiana A. Mishchenko ◽  
Olesya M. Shirokova ◽  
Tatiana A. Astrakhanova ◽  
Maria M. Loginova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Glial Cell ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Hypoxic Exposure ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Ischaemic Brain

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has a pronounced neuroprotective effect in various nervous system pathologies, including ischaemic brain damage and neurodegenerative diseases. In this work, we studied the effect of GDNF on the ultrastructure and functional activity of neuron-glial networks during acute hypoxic exposure, a key damaging factor in numerous brain pathologies. We analysed the molecular mechanisms most likely involved in the positive effects of GDNF. Hypoxia modelling was performed on day 14 of culturing primary hippocampal cells obtained from mouse embryos (E18). GDNF (1 ng/ml) was added to the culture medium 20 min before oxygen deprivation. Acute hypoxia-induced irreversible changes in the ultrastructure of neurons and astrocytes led to the loss of functional Сa2+ activity and neural network disruption. Destructive changes in the mitochondrial apparatus and its functional activity characterized by an increase in the basal oxygen consumption rate and respiratory chain complex II activity during decreased stimulated respiration intensity were observed 24 hours after hypoxic injury. At a concentration of 1 ng/ml, GDNF maintained the functional metabolic network activity in primary hippocampal cultures and preserved the structure of the synaptic apparatus and number of mature chemical synapses, confirming its neuroprotective effect. GDNF maintained the normal structure of mitochondria in neuronal outgrowth but not in the soma. Analysis of the possible GDNF mechanism revealed that RET kinase, a component of the receptor complex, and the PI3K/Akt pathway are crucial for the neuroprotective effect of GDNF. The current study also revealed the role of GDNF in the regulation of HIF-1α transcription factor expression under hypoxic conditions.

Glucosylceramide Synthetase Inhibitors Sensitise B-CLL Cells to Cytotoxic Agents without Reversing P-gp Functional Activity.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 1181-1181
Author(s):  
Gareth Gerrard ◽  
Terry D. Butters ◽  
Atul B. Mehta ◽  
A. Victor Hoffbrand ◽  
Derryln Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Cytotoxic Drugs ◽  
Cytotoxic Agents ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear

Abstract Malignant B-cells from a high proportion of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) patients over express the multidrug resistance (MDR) -1 gene encoded transmembrane efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Inhibition of glucosylceramide synthesis has been shown to correlate with the expression and function of P-gp and sensitise cells to cytotoxic agents. We analysed the ability of glucosylceramide synthetase (GCS) inhibitors N-butyl-deoxygalactonojirimycin (OGB-1, 500μM) and N-nonyl-deoxygalactonojirimycin (OGB-2, 100μM) to sensitise B-CLL cells to conventional cytotoxic drugs 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (CdA), chlorambucil (Chl) and fludarabine (FdR) using the in vitro cytotoxicity MTT assay. The effect on P-gp activity was also analysed using the calcein-AM accumulation assay and the results expressed as multidrug activity factor (MAF), where a MAF of >10 in the presence of a P-gp inhibitor denotes P-gp functional activity. GCS inhibitors were cultured with B-CLL cells for 24-48h before the assays were performed. The P-gp negative cell line CEM-CCRF had no MAF activity with an IC50 for vincristine (a known P-gp substrate) of <1ng/ml. The P-gp over expressing cell line CEM-VLB showed a MAF value of 96.4 with zosuquidar trihydrochloride (Z.3HCL), a specific inhibitor of P-gp, 15.7 with OGB-1 and 45.9 with OGB-2. The IC50 for vincristine was reduced from >10ug/ml to 55.5ng/ml in the presence of OGB-2. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 3 normal volunteers (all P-gp +ve), the mean MAF value for Z.3HCL was 23.86 and for OGB-2 was 16.2. In 9/13 B-CLL samples there was P-gp functional activity in the presence of Z.3HCL with a mean MAF value of 22.15 (range 11.27–37.3). P-gp was over expressed in10/13 B-CLL samples. However, when available samples from this cohort were assessed with OGB-1 (n=4) and OGB-2 (n=13) the MAF value was <10. Nevertheless, sensitisation of B-CLL cells was observed by a reduction in the IC50 in the presence of OGB-1 with CdA in 3/4 (to 40% in the presence of cytotoxic drug alone), Chl in 3/4 (39%), FdR in 2/4 (26%) and in the presence of OGB-2 with CdA in 8/13 (42%), Chl in 5/13 (40%) and FdR in 7/13 (34%). Although GCS inhibitors sensitize B-CLL cells to cytotoxic drugs in some B-CLL patients, they do not appear to have any effect on P-gp functional activity.

Changes in Functional Activity of JEG-3 Trophoblast Cell Line in the Presence of Factors Secreted by Placenta

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry I. Sokolov ◽  
Ksenya N. Furaeva ◽  
Olga I. Stepanova ◽  
Olga M. Ovchinnikova ◽  
Larisa P. Viazmina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Trophoblast Cell ◽  
Trophoblast Cell Line

Screen of Functional Activity of Polysaccharide and Glycosaminoglycan from Sea Hare (Aplysia kurodai) by Cell Line

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Mi Hong ◽  
Si-Hyang Park ◽  
Bo-Yeong Yoon ◽  
Byeong-Dai Choi ◽  
Yeung-Joon Choi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Sea Hare
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