Host Identification via USB Fingerprinting

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Letaw ◽  
Joe Pletcher ◽  
Kevin Butler
Keyword(s):  
Host Identification

scholarly journals Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses at the Wild–Domestic Bird Interface in Europe: Future Directions for Research and Surveillance

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
Josanne H. Verhagen ◽  
Ron A. M. Fouchier ◽  
Nicola Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Domestic Bird ◽  
Hpai H5n1 ◽  
Host Identification

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks in wild birds and poultry are no longer a rare phenomenon in Europe. In the past 15 years, HPAI outbreaks—in particular those caused by H5 viruses derived from the A/Goose/Guangdong/1/1996 lineage that emerged in southeast Asia in 1996—have been occuring with increasing frequency in Europe. Between 2005 and 2020, at least ten HPAI H5 incursions were identified in Europe resulting in mass mortalities among poultry and wild birds. Until 2009, the HPAI H5 virus outbreaks in Europe were caused by HPAI H5N1 clade 2.2 viruses, while from 2014 onwards HPAI H5 clade 2.3.4.4 viruses dominated outbreaks, with abundant genetic reassortments yielding subtypes H5N1, H5N2, H5N3, H5N4, H5N5, H5N6 and H5N8. The majority of HPAI H5 virus detections in wild and domestic birds within Europe coincide with southwest/westward fall migration and large local waterbird aggregations during wintering. In this review we provide an overview of HPAI H5 virus epidemiology, ecology and evolution at the interface between poultry and wild birds based on 15 years of avian influenza virus surveillance in Europe, and assess future directions for HPAI virus research and surveillance, including the integration of whole genome sequencing, host identification and avian ecology into risk-based surveillance and analyses.

Temporal Detection Limits of Remnant Larval Bloodmeals in Nymphal Ixodes scapularis (Say, Ixodida: Ixodidae) Using Two Next-Generation Sequencing DNA Barcoding Assays

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve A M Lumsden ◽  
Evgeny V Zakharov ◽  
Sarah Dolynskyj ◽  
J Scott Weese ◽  
L Robbin Lindsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Ixodes Scapularis ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Host Detection ◽  
Host Identification ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Assay Detection

Abstract Using next-generation sequencing DNA barcoding, we aimed to determine: 1) if the larval bloodmeal can be detected in Ixodes scapularis nymphs and 2) the post-moult temporal window for detection of the larval bloodmeal. Subsets of 30 nymphs fed on a domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus Linnaeus, Lagomorphia: Leporidae) as larvae were reared and frozen at 11 time points post-moult, up to 150 d. Vertebrate DNA was amplified using novel universal (UP) and species-specific primers (SSP) and sequenced for comparison against cytochrome c oxidase subunit I barcodes to infer host identification. Detectable bloodmeals decreased as time since moult increased for both assays. For the SSP assay, detection of bloodmeals decreased from 96.7% (n = 29/30) in day 0 nymphs to 3.3% (n = 1/30) and 6.7% (n = 2/30) at 4- and 5-mo post-moult, respectively. A shorter temporal detection period was achieved with the UP assay, declining from 16.7% (n = 5/30) in day 0 nymphs to 0/30 in 3-d-old nymphs. Bloodmeal detection was nonexistent for the remaining cohorts, with the exception of 1/30 nymphs at 2-mo post-moult. Host detection was significantly more likely using the SSP assay compared to the UP assay in the first three time cohorts (day 0: χ 2 = 39.1, P < 0.005; day 2: χ 2 = 19.2, P < 0.005; day 3: χ 2 = 23.3, P < 0.005). Regardless of the primer set used, the next-generation sequencing DNA barcoding assay was able to detect host DNA from a larval bloodmeal in the nymphal life stage; however, a short window with a high proportion of detection post-moult was achieved.

scholarly journals Biodiversity, Leishmania genetic typing and host identification of phlebotomine species in endemic foci of southeastern Iran

Heliyon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. e02369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Amiri Ghannat Saman ◽  
Mohammad Saaid Dayer ◽  
Majid Pirestani
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Typing ◽  
Host Identification

scholarly journals Chemical evolution models: GRB host identification and cosmic dust predictions

2014 ◽  
Vol 444 (2) ◽  
pp. 1054-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Grieco ◽  
F. Matteucci ◽  
F. Calura ◽  
S. Boissier ◽  
F. Longo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Evolution ◽  
Cosmic Dust ◽  
Host Identification

Trichobilharzia ocellata: chemical stimuli of duck skin for cercarial attachment

Parasitology ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Feiler ◽  
W. Haas
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Preen Gland ◽  
Surface Lipids ◽  
Skin Surface Lipids ◽  
Chemical Stimuli ◽  
Host Identification ◽  
Host Signals ◽  
Trichobilharzia Ocellata ◽  
Stimulation Of

SUMMARYTrichobilharzia ocellatacercariae attach readily to the foot skin of their duck host, but poorly to preen-gland contents. The attachment to duck foot disappears when the skin surface lipids are extracted, and can be restored by reapplication of the lipids to the skin. Hydrophilic skin extracts are without any effect. Thin-layer chromatographic fractionation of duck-foot skin surface lipids reveals cholesterol and ceramides as attachment stimuli. A stimulation of cercarial attachment by these hydrophobic host signals is supported by the host identification pattern of the cercariae, which secures a close contact with encountered substrates.

Host Identification by Schistosoma japonicum Cercariae

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfried Haas ◽  
Monika Granzer ◽  
Edito G. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Japonicum ◽  
Japonicum Cercariae ◽  
Host Identification
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document