Dynamic interaction of large offshore wind farms with the electric power system

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.W. Koch ◽  
I. Erlich ◽  
F. Shewarega ◽  
U. Bachmann
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Dynamic Interaction ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms

Planning and Operation of Large Offshore Wind Farms in Areas with Limited Power Transfer Capacity

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Olav Giæver Tande ◽  
Magnus Korpås ◽  
Kjetil Uhlen
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Power Installation ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Power System Operation ◽  
Wind Power Installation

At many locations with excellent wind conditions the wind farm development is hindered by grid issues. Conservative assumptions are often applied that unnecessarily limits the wind power installation. This paper shows that significantly more wind power can be allowed by taking proper account of the wind power characteristics and facilitating coordinated power system operation. A systematic approach is developed for assessing grid integration of wind farms subject to grid congestions. The method is applied to a case of connecting offshore wind farms to regional grid with hydro generation (380 MW) and loads (75–350 MW). The tie to the main grid is via a corridor with limited capacity (420 MW). With conservative assumptions (i.e. no changes in scheduled hydro generation or control of wind power output) the wind power installation is limited to 115 MW. The system operation is simulated on an hourly basis for multiple years taking into account the stochastic variations of wind speed and hydro inflow as well as the geographical distribution of wind farms. The simulation uses a control strategy for coordinated power system operation that maximises wind penetration. By using the developed methodology the wind power capacity can be increased from 115 MW to at least 600 MW with relatively little income reduction from energy sales compared to a case with unlimited grid capacity. It is concluded that coordinated operation allows for the integration of surprisingly large amounts of wind power. In order to realize the increase in transfer capability, it is essential to take account of the power system flexibility and the stochastic and dispersed nature of wind power. The presented methodology facilitates this and represents a rational approach for power system planning of wind farms.

Distributed placement of wind farms to minimize the impact of power fluctuations on the electric power system

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
V. A. Shakirov ◽  
V. G. Kurbatsky ◽  
N. V. Tomin ◽  
G. B. Guliev
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Power Fluctuations ◽  
The Impact

The problem of the influence of power fluctuations of wind farms due to the variability of the wind speed on the electric power system is considered. With high wind energy penetration, an increase in the operating reserve in electric power systems is required to cover possible sudden power fluctuations. One of the ways to reduce the stochastic nature of the wind farms power generation is their geographically distributed location. A method is proposed for the selection of capacity and distributed placement of wind farms, taking into account the factor of the variability of the total generated power. In each of the prospective areas for wind farm placement, the simulation of electricity generation by a single wind turbine with hour-by-hour breakdown is carried out using the developed WindMCA software based on long-term ground-based weather stations data. Optimization of wind farms capacity and their distributed placement in areas is carried out using a genetic algorithm in the MATLAB environment. The target function is the coefficient of variation of the power generated by all wind farms in the areas under consideration, depending on the number of wind turbines therein. Power duration curves are used in the final comparison of wind farms siting options. The application of the method is carried out on the example of the wind farms placement in the Zabaykalsky Krai. A solution has been obtained that provides a minimum coefficient of variation of the wind farms generated power and a relatively high capacity utilization factor. With a distributed location of wind farms, the duration of the period with the maximum output is reduced, however, the duration of low power generation is significantly increased. With an increase in the number of wind farms connected to various nodes of the electric power system, a certain guaranteed level of power generation can be obtained, which, ultimately, will reduce the required amount of the reserve of generating capacities.

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