Calculation of air temperature and pressure history during the operation of a flux compression generator

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobin Le ◽  
J. Rasty ◽  
A. Neuber ◽  
J. Dickens ◽  
M. Kristiansen
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Pressure History ◽  
Flux Compression ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Prediction of Peak Cylinder Pressure Variations Over Varying Inlet Air Condition of Compression-Ignition Engine

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Design ◽  
Peak Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Cylinder Compression

Peak cylinder pressure of a compression-ignition engine can be affected by engine inlet air condition such as its temperature and pressure. The variation of peak cylinder pressure due to varying inlet air temperature and pressure is analytically studied in this paper. An analytical model is developed and thus the variations of peak cylinder pressure can be predicted along with inlet air temperature or pressure varying. It is indicated that cylinder compression ratio (CR) and intake air boost ratio (pm0/pi0) play significant roles in affecting the variation of peak cylinder pressure over inlet air temperature and pressure, and the pressure variation is proportional to CRk and pm0/pi0. The predicted results are compared to those from engine experiments, and show a close agreement. The prediction also includes the investigation of the variation in peak cylinder pressure due to varying the cylinder TDC volume. Results from the analytical studies are presented and show that the change in pmax versus a change in the volume is also affected by compression ratio. This indicates that for a certain change in the clearance volume, a higher compression-ratio configuration would produce a greater change in pmax than a lower compression-ratio would with the rest of the engine design parameters remaining unchanged.

scholarly journals Effects of Incomplete Premixing on NOx Formation at Temperature and Pressure Conditions of LP Combustion Turbines

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodora Rutar ◽  
Scott M. Martin ◽  
David G. Nicol ◽  
Philip C. Malte ◽  
David T. Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Chemical Reactor ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Reactor Model ◽  
Nox Formation ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Primary Zone ◽  
Lean Premixed ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

A probability density function/chemical reactor model (PDF/CRM) is applied to study how NOx emissions vary with mean combustion temperature, inlet air temperature, and pressure for different degrees of premixing quality under lean-premixed (LP) gas turbine combustor conditions. Inlet air temperatures of 550, 650 and 750 K, and combustor pressures of 10, 14 and 30 atm are examined in different chemical reactor configurations. Primary results from this study are: incomplete premixing can either increase or decrease NOx emissions, depending on the primary zone stoichiometry; an Arrhenius-type plot of NOx emissions may have promise for assessing the premixer quality of lean-premixed combustors; and decreasing premixing quality enhances the influence of inlet air temperature and pressure on NOx emissions.

scholarly journals Fate of sea ice in the 'New Arctic': A database of daily Lagrangian Arctic sea ice parcel drift tracks with coincident ice and atmospheric conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Horvath ◽  
Linette Boisvert ◽  
Chelsea Parker ◽  
Melinda Webster ◽  
Patrick Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Ice Mass Balance ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Abstract. Since the early 2000s, sea ice has experienced an increased rate of decline in thickness and extent and transitioned to a seasonal ice cover. This shift to thinner, seasonal ice in the 'New Arctic' is accompanied by a reshuffling of energy flows at the surface. Understanding the magnitude and nature of this reshuffling and the feedbacks therein remains limited. A novel database is presented that combines satellite observations, model output, and reanalysis data with daily sea ice parcel drift tracks produced in a Lagrangian framework. This dataset consists of daily time series of sea ice parcel locations, sea ice and snow conditions, and atmospheric states. Building on previous work, this dataset includes remotely sensed radiative and turbulent fluxes from which the surface energy budget can be calculated. Additionally, flags indicate when sea ice parcels travel within cyclones, recording distance and direction from the cyclone center. The database drift track was evaluated by comparison with sea ice mass balance buoys. Results show ice parcels generally remain within 100km of the corresponding buoy, with a mean distance of 82.6 km and median distance of 54 km. The sea ice mass balance buoys also provide recordings of sea ice thickness, snow depth, and air temperature and pressure which were compared to this database. Ice thickness and snow depth typically are less accurate than air temperature and pressure due to the high spatial variability of the former two quantities when compared to a point measurement. The correlations between the ice parcel and buoy data are high, which highlights the accuracy of this Lagrangian database in capturing the seasonal changes and evolution of sea ice. This database has multiple applications for the scientific community; it can be used to study the processes that influence individual sea ice parcel time series, or to explore generalized summary statistics and trends across the Arctic. Applications such as these may shed light on the atmosphere-snow-sea ice interactions in the changing Arctic environment.

Oxygen Fluorescence as a Means for Temperature and Pressure Measurement

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadej Semenic ◽  
Ben Blake ◽  
Matthew Messana ◽  
Ivan Catton
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Laser Induced Fluorescence ◽  
Fluorescence Ratio ◽  
Broadband Laser ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Xenon Flashlamp ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Large Wavelength

The application of interest in this work is the measurement of air temperature and pressure using broadband laser-induced fluorescence (LIF). Because of the cost, bulkiness, and operating complications of ArF lasers, a xenon flashlamp is used instead of LIF. The oxygen is excited by photons in the 185–200nm range. Large wavelength windows (100nm and 65nm) are used to reduce the fluctuations in the total measured fluorescence. A correlation between temperature and fluorescence ratio is developed with an error in fluorescence ratio of approximately ±1.3%, resulting in an error in temperature of ±1.35° C for temperatures from 25–50° C.

Variability and Trends of Air Temperature and Pressure in the Maritime Arctic, 1875–2000

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2067-2077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor V. Polyakov ◽  
Roman V. Bekryaev ◽  
Genrikh V. Alekseev ◽  
Uma S. Bhatt ◽  
Roger L. Colony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Prediction of Peak Cylinder Pressure Variations Over Varying Inlet Air Condition of Compression-Ignition Engine

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 589-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Design ◽  
Peak Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Cylinder Compression

Peak cylinder pressure (pmax) of a compression-ignition engine can be affected by the engine inlet air condition, such as its inlet air temperature (Ti) and pressure (pi). The variation of peak cylinder pressure due to varying inlet air temperature or pressure is analytically studied. A model is developed and simplified, and thus the variations of pmax can be predicted along with varying inlet air temperature or pressure. The analysis and prediction indicate that cylinder active compression ratio (CR) and intake air boost ratio (pm0∕pi0) play relatively significant roles in affecting the variation of pmax over inlet air temperature and pressure, and the pressure variation is proportional to CRk and ratio pm0∕pi0. Comparison between the predicted results using the simplified model and those from engine experiments shows a close agreement in both the trend and magnitude. The investigation and prediction also include modeling the variation in pmax due to varying the cylinder TDC clearance volume (Vc). The simplified model is presented and shows that the change in pmax versus varying Vc also depends on the cylinder compression ratio. It is indicated that for a certain change in the clearance volume, a higher compression-ratio configuration would produce a greater change in pmax than a lower one does, especially as the rest of the engine design and operating parameters remain unchanged.

Infradian, notably circaseptan testable feedsidewards among chronomes of the ECG and air temperature and pressure

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. s84-s92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Delyukov ◽  
Y. Gorgo ◽  
G. Cornélissen ◽  
K. Otsuka ◽  
F. Halberg
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature And Pressure
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