An RF-Based System for Tracking Transceiver-Free Objects

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian Zhang ◽  
Jian Ma ◽  
Quanbin Chen ◽  
Lionel M. Ni
Keyword(s):  
Free Objects

GRAVITATIONAL BAG EFFECTS ON KALUZA KLEIN AND STRING EXCITATIONS

1989 ◽  
Vol 04 (19) ◽  
pp. 5119-5131 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. I. GUENDELMAN
Keyword(s):  
Extra Dimensions ◽  
Blow Up ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Spherically Symmetric ◽  
Massive String ◽  
Free Objects ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Kaluza Klein

Gravitational Bags are spherically symmetric solutions of higher-dimensional Kaluza Klein (K – K) theories, where the compact dimensions become very large near the center of the geometry, although they are small elsewhere. The K – K excitations therefore become very light when located near the center of this geometry and this appears to affect drastically the naive tower of the masses spectrum of K – K theories. In the context of string theories, string excitations can be enclosed by Gravitational Bags, making them not only lighter, but also localized, as observed by somebody, that does not probe the central regions. Strings, however, can still have divergent sizes, as quantum mechanics seems to demand, since the extra dimensions blow up at the center of the geometry. From a projected 4-D point of view, very massive string bits may lie inside their Schwarzschild radii, as pointed out by Casher, Gravitational Bags however are horizon free objects, so no conflict with macroscopic causality arises if the string excitations are enclosed by Gravitational Bags.

scholarly journals FREE ADEQUATE SEMIGROUPS

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK KAMBITES
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Semigroup ◽  
Word Problem ◽  
Explicit Description ◽  
Finitely Generated ◽  
Free Objects ◽  
Ample Semigroup ◽  
Free Inverse Semigroup ◽  
Adequate Semigroup

AbstractWe give an explicit description of the free objects in the quasivariety of adequate semigroups, as sets of labelled directed trees under a natural combinatorial multiplication. The morphisms of the free adequate semigroup onto the free ample semigroup and into the free inverse semigroup are realised by a combinatorial ‘folding’ operation which transforms our trees into Munn trees. We use these results to show that free adequate semigroups and monoids are 𝒥-trivial and never finitely generated as semigroups, and that those which are finitely generated as (2,1,1)-algebras have decidable word problem.

scholarly journals Polymer-mediated entropic forces between scale-free objects

2012 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad F. Maghrebi ◽  
Yacov Kantor ◽  
Mehran Kardar
Keyword(s):  
Scale Free ◽  
Free Objects

Free power-associative n-ary groupoids

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Celakoska-Jordanova ◽  
Valentina Miovska
Keyword(s):  
Free Objects

Abstract A power-associative n-ary groupoid is an n-ary groupoid G such that for every element a ∈ G, the n-ary subgroupoid of G generated by a is an n-ary subsemigroup of G. The class 𝓟a of power-associative n-ary groupoids is a variety. A description of free objects in this variety and their characterization by means of injective n-ary groupoids in 𝓟a are obtained.

scholarly journals Free objects in the category of geometries

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 765-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talal Ali Al-Hawary
Keyword(s):  
Free Objects

The aim of this note is to introduce the class of free geometries purely in terms of morphisms. Several classes of well-known matroid morphisms are characterized via the new concept.

Parametric algebraic specifications with Gentzen formulas – from quasi-freeness to free functor semantics

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Löwe ◽  
Uwe Wolter
Keyword(s):  
Function Spaces ◽  
Data Type ◽  
Finite Function ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Free Objects ◽  
Algebraic Specifications ◽  
Free Construction ◽  
Horn Formulas ◽  
Type Constructor ◽  
Parametric Case

Inspired by the work of S. Kaplan on positive/negative conditional rewriting, we investigate initial semantics for algebraic specifications with Gentzen formulas. Since the standard initial approach is limited to conditional equations (i.e. positive Horn formulas), the notion of semi-initial and quasi-initial algebras is introduced, and it is shown that all specifications with (positive) Gentzen formulas admit quasi-initial models.The whole approach is generalized to the parametric case where quasi-initiality generalizes to quasi-freeness. Since quasi-free objects need not be isomorphic, the persistency requirement is added to obtain a unique semantics for many interesting practical examples. Unique persistent quasi-free semantics can be described as a free construction if the homomorphisms of the parameter category are suitably restricted. Furthermore, it turns out that unique persistent quasi-free semantics applies especially to specifications where the Gentzen formulas can be interpreted as hierarchical positive/negative conditional equations. The data type constructor of finite function spaces is used as an example that does not admit a correct initial semantics, but does admit a correct unique persistent quasi-initial semantics. The example demonstrates that the concepts introduced in this paper might be of some importance in practical applications.

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