First Steps Towards Understanding How Non-Invasive Magnetic Stimulation Affects Neural Firing at Spinal Cord

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ortego-Isasa ◽  
A. Martins ◽  
N. Birbaumer ◽  
A. Ramos-Murguialday
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Neural Firing ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Modelling Studies of Non-invasive Electric and Magnetic Stimulation of the Spinal Cord

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-165
Author(s):  
Sofia Rita Fernandes ◽  
Ricardo Salvador ◽  
Mamede de Carvalho ◽  
Pedro Cavaleiro Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Functional Rehabilitation ◽  
Motor Pathways ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Individualized Dosing ◽  
Modelling Studies

AbstractExperimental studies on transcutaneous spinal cord direct current and magnetic stimulation (tsDCS and tsMS, respectively) show promising results in the neuromodulation of spinal sensory and motor pathways, with possible clinical application in spinal functional rehabilitation. Modelling studies on the electric field (EF) distribution during tsDCS and tsMS can be powerful tools to understand the underlying biophysics and to guide stimulation protocols for a specific clinical target. In this chapter, we review modelling studies of tsDCS and report on our own modelling findings on tsDCS and tsMS. We discuss the main differences between the EF induced by these two stimulation techniques and the implications for clinical practice, addressing the relevance of modelling studies for more personalized target protocols and individualized dosing.

scholarly journals Neurostimulation Methods in the Treatment of Chronic Pain

2012 ◽  
pp. S23-S31 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. ROKYTA ◽  
J. FRICOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Motor Cortex Stimulation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Deep Brain

The main neuromodulatory methods using neurostimulation principles are described. It concerns peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS), spinal cord stimulation (SCS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), motor cortex stimulation (MSC), and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). For each method the history, pathophysiology, the principles for use and the associated diagnoses are mentioned. Special attention is focused on the most common neuromodulatory invasive methods like SCS and MCS and non-invasive methods such as rTMS. In addition to the positive effects, side effects and complications are described and discussed in detail. In conclusion, neuromodulatory (neurostimulatory) techniques are highly recommended for the treatment of different types of pharmacoresistant pain.

scholarly journals Corticospinal-motor neuronal plasticity promotes exercise-mediated recovery in humans with spinal cord injury

Brain ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 1368-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Jin Jo ◽  
Monica A Perez
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Cord ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract Rehabilitative exercise in humans with spinal cord injury aims to engage residual neural networks to improve functional recovery. We hypothesized that exercise combined with non-invasive stimulation targeting spinal synapses further promotes functional recovery. Twenty-five individuals with chronic incomplete cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal cord injury were randomly assigned to 10 sessions of exercise combined with paired corticospinal-motor neuronal stimulation (PCMS) or sham-PCMS. In an additional experiment, we tested the effect of PCMS without exercise in 13 individuals with spinal cord injury with similar characteristics. During PCMS, 180 pairs of stimuli were timed to have corticospinal volleys evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation over the primary motor cortex arrive at corticospinal-motor neuronal synapses of upper- or lower-limb muscles (depending on the injury level), 1–2 ms before antidromic potentials were elicited in motor neurons by electrical stimulation of a peripheral nerve. Participants exercised for 45 min after all protocols. We found that the time to complete subcomponents of the Graded and Redefined Assessment of Strength, Sensibility and Prehension (GRASSP) and the 10-m walk test decreased on average by 20% after all protocols. However, the amplitude of corticospinal responses elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation and the magnitude of maximal voluntary contractions in targeted muscles increased on overage by 40–50% after PCMS combined or not with exercise but not after sham-PCMS combined with exercise. Notably, behavioural and physiological effects were preserved 6 months after the intervention in the group receiving exercise with PCMS but not in the group receiving exercise combined with sham-PCMS, suggesting that the stimulation contributed to preserve exercise gains. Our findings indicate that targeted non-invasive stimulation of spinal synapses might represent an effective strategy to facilitate exercise-mediated recovery in humans with different degrees of paralysis and levels of spinal cord injury.

Abstract #29: Scaling Spinal Cord injury Models for Non-invasive Stimulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. e10-e11
Author(s):  
Dennis Q. Truong ◽  
Catherine Maglione ◽  
Yishai Valter ◽  
Louis Zannou ◽  
A. Duke Shereen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Injury Models
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document