Agile Environmental Monitoring Exploits Rapid Prototyping and In Situ Adaptation

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasue Kishino ◽  
Yutaka Yanagisawa ◽  
Yoshinari Shirai ◽  
Shin Mizutani ◽  
Takayuki Suyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Environmental Monitoring

Weathering conditions of Buddhist caves dug in soft rocks and conservation attempting from the deterioration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiaki Oguchi ◽  
Momoko Ogawa ◽  
Kaisei Sakane ◽  
Yasuhiko Tamura
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Central Japan ◽  
Soft Rocks ◽  
Geologic Materials ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Non Destructive

<p>The Taya Cave, a sacred Buddhist cave, locates in the precincts of Josenji Temple in Yokohama City, central Japan. The geologic materials of the hills surrounding the cave are soft rocks composed of early Quaternary sedimentary rocks. The cave has a complex three-layer structure with a total length of 570 m. The excavation of the cave is estimated to start in the Kamakura era around A.D. 1200. Since then, the cave became a training place for Buddhists until around 19 C. There are many Buddhist reliefs on the walls and ceiling inside the cave. Because the bedrock is extremely weak, the rocks easily break when they get wet again after drying, namely prone to slaking. Thus, weathering and deterioration have progressed in various parts of the cave. Many valuable Buddhist reliefs have damaged by exfoliation. The walls at several points in the cave have also collapsed on a small scale. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate such deteriorated parts in the cave by simple non-destructive tests of physical and mechanical properties by using Silver Schmidt hammer and ultrasonic velocity test. These measurements clarified the vulnerable points even in the main worship route of the cave. In October 2018, a stainless-steel door installed at the cave entrance to save from deterioration due to slaking. The effect of the door was verified as well by monitoring the environmental conditions inside the cave. Environmental monitoring results revealed that the temperature and humidity near the entrance changed most drastically in this cave. Although the door was closed only at night, the range of maximum and minimum values ​​of temperature and humidity near the entrance became smaller after installation than before. Non-destructive measurements and in situ environmental monitoring are a useful way to assess weathering without damaging geoarchaeological sites. </p>

scholarly journals Autonomous and In Situ Ocean Environmental Monitoring on Optofluidic Platform

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Jiaomeng Zhu ◽  
Longfei Chen ◽  
Yunfeng Zuo ◽  
Xuejia Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Large Size ◽  
High Power Consumption ◽  
Marine Disasters ◽  
Ocean Monitoring

Determining the distributions and variations of chemical elements in oceans has significant meanings for understanding the biogeochemical cycles, evaluating seawater pollution, and forecasting the occurrence of marine disasters. The primary chemical parameters of ocean monitoring include nutrients, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and heavy metals. At present, ocean monitoring mainly relies on laboratory analysis, which is hindered in applications due to its large size, high power consumption, and low representative and time-sensitive detection results. By integrating photonics and microfluidics into one chip, optofluidics brings new opportunities to develop portable microsystems for ocean monitoring. Optofluidic platforms have advantages in respect of size, cost, timeliness, and parallel processing of samples compared with traditional instruments. This review describes the applications of optofluidic platforms on autonomous and in situ ocean environmental monitoring, with an emphasis on their principles, sensing properties, advantages, and disadvantages. Predictably, autonomous and in situ systems based on optofluidic platforms will have important applications in ocean environmental monitoring.

Potentiometric microelectrode sensors for in situ environmental monitoring

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Hwan Lee ◽  
R.R. Myers ◽  
Am Jang ◽  
P. Bhadri ◽  
F. Beyette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Monitoring
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