Bioactive scorpion peptides: a powerful molecular tools for ion modulation in excitable cells

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Murgia ◽  
A. Frau ◽  
L.D. Possani ◽  
G. Prestipino
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Excitable Cells

scholarly journals Molecular Tools for Targeted Control of Nerve Cell Electrical Activity. Part I

Acta Naturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
Danila V. Kolesov ◽  
Elena L. Sokolinskaya ◽  
Konstantin A. Lukyanov ◽  
Alexey M. Bogdanov
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Excitable Cells ◽  
Neuronal Systems ◽  
Multicellular Organisms ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Reductionist Approach ◽  
Minimally Invasive Methods

In modern life sciences, the issue of a specific, exogenously directed manipulation of a cells biochemistry is a highly topical one. In the case of electrically excitable cells, the aim of the manipulation is to control the cells electrical activity, with the result being either excitation with subsequent generation of an action potential or inhibition and suppression of the excitatory currents. The techniques of electrical activity stimulation are of particular significance in tackling the most challenging basic problem: figuring out how the nervous system of higher multicellular organisms functions. At this juncture, when neuroscience is gradually abandoning the reductionist approach in favor of the direct investigation of complex neuronal systems, minimally invasive methods for brain tissue stimulation are becoming the basic element in the toolbox of those involved in the field. In this review, we describe three approaches that are based on the delivery of exogenous, genetically encoded molecules sensitive to external stimuli into the nervous tissue. These approaches include optogenetics (Part I) as well as chemogenetics and thermogenetics (Part II), which are significantly different not only in the nature of the stimuli and structure of the appropriate effector proteins, but also in the details of experimental applications. The latter circumstance is an indication that these are rather complementary than competing techniques.

Plasmalemmal transport of magnesium in excitable cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. d866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector Rasgado-Flores
Keyword(s):  
Excitable Cells

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Functions of Cellular Markers Associated with the Phenotype of Cancer Stem Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Alvarado-Ortiz ◽  
Miguel Á. Sarabia-Sánchez ◽  
Alejandro García-Carrancá
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Cellular Population ◽  
Cellular Markers ◽  
A Minor

Cancer Stem Cells (CSC) generally constitute a minor cellular population within tumors that exhibits some capacities of normal Stem Cells (SC). The existence of CSC, able to self-renew and differentiate, influences central aspects of tumor biology, in part because they can continue tumor growth, give rise to metastasis, and acquire drug and radioresistance, which open new avenues for therapeutics. It is well known that SC constantly interacts with their niche, which includes mesenchymal cells, extracellular ligands, and the Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM). These interactions regularly lead to homeostasis and maintenance of SC characteristics. However, the exact participation of each of these components for CSC maintenance is not clear, as they appear to be context- or cell-specific. In the recent past, surface cellular markers have been fundamental molecular tools for identifying CSC and distinguishing them from other tumor cells. Importantly, some of these cellular markers have been shown to possess functional roles that affect central aspects of CSC. Likewise, some of these markers can participate in regulating the interaction of CSC with their niche, particularly the ECM. We focused this review on the molecular mechanisms of surface cellular markers commonly employed to identify CSC, highlighting the signaling pathways and mechanisms involved in CSC-ECM interactions, through each of the cellular markers commonly used in the study of CSC, such as CD44, CD133, CD49f, CD24, CXCR4, and LGR5. Their presence does not necessarily implicate them in CSC biology.

Applying Molecular Tools for Monitoring Inhibition of Nitrification by Heavy Metals

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (10) ◽  
pp. 2825-2826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Kapoor ◽  
Xuan Li ◽  
Christopher A Impellitteri ◽  
Kartik Chandran ◽  
Jorge W Santo Domingo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Inhibition Of Nitrification

Molecular Tools Developed for Disease Resistant Genes in Wheat, Barley, Lentil and Chickpea: AReview

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 050-056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aladdin Hamawieh ◽  
◽  
Fida Alo ◽  
Seid Ahmed ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Disease Resistant

scholarly journals Volcano-Shaped Scanning Probe Microscopy Probe for Combined Force-Electrogram Recordings from Excitable Cells

Nano Letters ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 4520-4529
Author(s):  
B. X. E. Desbiolles ◽  
M. T. M Hannebelle ◽  
E. de Coulon ◽  
A. Bertsch ◽  
S. Rohr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Probe Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Probe ◽  
Excitable Cells ◽  
Probe Microscopy
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