An Attack-Resilient CPS Architecture for Hierarchical Control: A Case Study on Train Control Systems

Computer ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 46-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuchang Won ◽  
Buyeon Yu ◽  
Jaegeun Park ◽  
In-Hee Park ◽  
Haegeon Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
Train Control

Are we ready to change? A case study of Management Accounting Change (MAC) in an Italian Co-operative

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-164
Author(s):  
Silvia Macchia
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Managerial Efficiency ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Innovation And Change

Over the last 30 years, research on Management Accounting Change as a way to understand the circumstances, forces and consequences related to the develop-ment and implementation of new techniques has grown in popularity. Accounting practices are context-dependent, as are changes to such practices. They require setting-specific studies that pay attention to the complexity of their enactment and to the elements that shape these practices. This paper presents a retrospective lon-gitudinal case study of a management accounting change project undertaken by a co-operative firm, and includes descriptive and explanatory aims. The factors po-tentially influencing the firm's decision to invest in management accounting change were related to a requirement for managerial efficiency, the need to legiti-mize the company to its external stakeholders, and the behavioral aptitude of in-dividual employees in the accounting and management sections. Against propo-nents' expectations, the project proved difficult to implement because of different forms of resistance and opposition, some explicit, others less obvious, encountered during implementation.. The study provides insights into the role played by man-agement control systems in creating and fostering trust in innovation and change.

Neural network modeling of the efficiency of response to emergency situations in a multi-level control system

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 79-93
Author(s):  
N. G. Topolsky ◽  
◽  
S. Y. Butuzov ◽  
V. Y. Vilisov ◽  
V. L. Semikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Control System ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
Hierarchical Systems ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. It is important to have models that adequately describe the relationship between the integral indicators of the functioning of the system with the particular indicators of the lower levels of management in complex control systems, in particular in RSChS. Traditional approaches based on normative models often turn out to be untenable due to the impossibility of covering all aspects of the functioning of such systems, as well as due to the high variability of the environment and the values of the set of target indicators. Recently, adaptive machine-learning models have proven to be productive, allowing build stable and adequate models, one of the variants of which is artificial neural networks (ANN), based on the solution of inverse problems using expert estimates. The relevance of the study lies in the development of compact models that allow assessing the effectiveness of the functioning of complex multi-level control systems (RSChS) in emergency situations, developing according to complex scenarios, in which emergencies of various types can occur simultaneously. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the article is to build and test the technology for creating compact models that are adequate to the system of indicators of the functioning of hierarchically organized control systems. This goal gives rise to the task of choosing tools for constructing the necessary models and sources of initial data. Methods. The research tools include methods for analyzing hierarchical systems, mathematical statistics, machine learning methods of ANN, simulation modeling, expert assessment methods, software systems for processing statistical data. The research is based on materials from domestic and foreign publications. Results and discussion. The proposed technology for constructing a neural network model of the effectiveness of the functioning of complex hierarchical systems provides a basis for constructing dynamic models of this type, which make it possible to distribute limited financial and other resources during the operation of the system according to a complex scenario of emergency response. Conclusion. The paper presents the results of solving the problem of constructing an ANN and its corresponding nonlinear function, reflecting the relationship between the performance indicators of the lower levels of the hierarchical control system (RSChS) with the upper level. The neural network model constructed in this way can be used in the decision support system for resource management in the context of complex scenarios for the development of emergency situations. The use of expert assessments as an information basis makes it possible to take into account numerous target indicators, which are extremely difficult to take into account in other ways. Keywords: emergency situations, hierarchical control system, efficiency, artificial neural network, expert assessments

scholarly journals The Study of Interoperability Test for Onboard Control System in Railway Condition

2011 ◽  
Vol 2-3 ◽  
pp. 785-790
Author(s):  
Jong Hyen Baek ◽  
Yong Kyu Kim ◽  
Jae Ho Lee ◽  
Hyen Jung Jo
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Data Systems ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Simulation Environment ◽  
Train Control ◽  
Interoperability Test ◽  
Critical Characteristics ◽  
Site Test ◽  
Onboard Equipment

For the purpose of improving the future domestic train control systems and securing interoperability, according to the global development trends of train control systems, it is presented that the test results of interoperability between wayside train control systems installed in existed line, and the onboard train control system. Due to the safety-critical characteristics of train systems, the site test in the section where the wayside equipment is installed may lead to a danger against safety. Therefore, by way of constructing a simulation environment of train control systems, the T/R data systems of the equipment for interoperability are confirmed and the interoperability test are obtained by applying these systems to onboard equipment.

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