Measurement of Cross-Sectional Area of Spinal Canal through Coordinate Axis Rotation and Projection Transformation

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongli Yang ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Anbing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Coordinate Axis ◽  
Axis Rotation ◽  
Projection Transformation

scholarly journals Change in the cross-sectional area of the thecal sac following balloon kyphoplasty for pathological vertebral compression fractures prior to spine stereotactic radiosurgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Lis ◽  
Ilya Laufer ◽  
Ori Barzilai ◽  
Yoshiya Yamada ◽  
Sasan Karimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Balloon Kyphoplasty ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Vertebral Compression Fractures ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compression Fractures ◽  
Bone Fragments ◽  
The Cross

OBJECTIVEPercutaneous vertebral augmentation procedures such as vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are often performed in cancer patients to relieve mechanical axial-load pain due to pathological collapse deformities. The collapsed vertebrae in these patients can be associated with varying degrees of spinal canal compromise that can be worsened by kyphoplasty. In this study the authors evaluated changes to the spinal canal, in particular the cross-sectional area of the thecal sac, following balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) prior to stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed the records of all patients with symptomatic vertebral compression fractures caused by metastatic disease who underwent kyphoplasty prior to single-fraction SRS. The pre-BKP cross-sectional image, usually MRI, was compared to the post-BKP CT myelogram required for radiation treatment planning. The cross-sectional area of the thecal sac was calculated pre- and postkyphoplasty, and intraprocedural CT imaging was reviewed for epidural displacement of bone fragments, tumor, or polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) extravasation. The postkyphoplasty imaging was also evaluated for evidence of fracture progression or fracture reduction.RESULTSAmong 30 consecutive patients, 41 vertebral levels were treated with kyphoplasty, and 24% (10/41) of the augmented levels showed a decreased cross-sectional area of the thecal sac. All 10 of these vertebral levels had preexisting epidural disease and destruction of the posterior vertebral body cortex. No bone fragments were displaced posteriorly. Minor epidural PMMA extravasation occurred in 20% (8/41) of the augmented levels but was present in only 1 of the 10 vertebral segments that showed a decreased cross-sectional area of the thecal sac postkyphoplasty.CONCLUSIONSIn patients with preexisting epidural disease and destruction of the posterior vertebral body cortex who are undergoing BKP for pathological fractures, there is an increased risk of further mass effect upon the thecal sac and the potential to alter the SRS treatment planning.

scholarly journals Correlation between severity of spinal stenosis and multifidus atrophy in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gen Xia ◽  
Xueru Li ◽  
Yanbing Shang ◽  
Bin Fu ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Stenosis ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Multifidus Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis ◽  
Lumbar Spinal ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area

Abstract Background Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS) is a common degenerative condition in older adults. Muscle atrophy (MA) is a leading cause of muscle weakness and disability commonly reported in individuals with spinal stenosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate if the MA correlates with the grade of spinal stenosis in patients with DLSS. Methods A retrospective analysis on 48 male and 184 female DLSS patients aged around 54.04 years (54.04 ± 8.93) were involved and divided into 6 groups according to claudication-distance-based grading of spinal stenosis, which confirmed by two independent orthopedic surgeons using T2- weighted images. Using 1.5T MRI scanner, the severity of MA is assessed based on its negative correlation with the ratio of total fat-free multifidus muscle cross-sectional area (TFCSA) to total multifidus muscle cross-sectional area (TCSA). Adobe Photoshop CS6 was used for qualitative image analysis and calculate the TFCSA/TCSA ratio to assess the severity of MA, compare the grade of MA with the spinal stenosis segment, stenosis grade and symptom side. Results In DLSS group, The TFCSA/TCSA ratio are 74.33 ± 2.18 in L3/4 stenosis, 75.51 ± 2.79 in L4/5 stenosis, and 75.49 ± 2.69 in L5/S1 stenosis. there were significant decreases in the TFCSA/TCSA ratio of stenotic segments compared with non-stenotic segments of the spinal canal (P < 0.05) while no significant difference between the non-stenotic segments (P > 0.05). TFCSA/TCSA ratios is significant differences in the TFCSA/TCSA ratios of the 6 DLSS groups (F = 67.832; P < 0.05). From Group 1 to Group 6, the TFCSA/TCSA ratio of stenotic segments positively correlated with the absolute claudication distance (ACD). (P < 0.001, r = 0.852). Besides, the TFCSA/TCSA ratios are smaller in the symptomatic sides of the spine than the contralateral sides (t = 4.128, P = 0.001). Conclusions The stenotic segments of the spinal canal are more atrophied than the non-stenotic segment in DLSS patients. It is shows that a strong positive correlation between the severity of multifidus atrophy and the severity of spinal stenosis.

scholarly journals Correlation Analysis for the Selection of Microtitanium Plates with Different Specifications for use in a Cervical Vertebral Dome Expansion Laminoplasty

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Run-tian ◽  
Zhao Yi-bo ◽  
Lu Xiang-dong ◽  
Zhao Xiao-feng ◽  
Wang Xiao-nan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Movement Distance ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Backgrounds: Cervical vertebral dome expansion laminoplasty is a new surgical method for the treatment of cervical spondylosis. We analyzed correlations between the selection of microtitanium plates with different specifications for use in a cervical vertebral dome expansion laminoplasty to establish guidance for the selection of suitable microtitanium plates.Methods: Sixteen patients that underwent the new, full lamina posterior spinal canal enlargement with a cervical spinal stenosis angioplasty procedure for treatment of their cervical spinal cords were recruited at our hospital. From February 2017-September 2018, medical records confirmed that all patients underwent cervical CT and MRI tests pre- and postsurgery. The anteroposterior diameter of the spinal canal, changes in the cross-sectional area of the spinal canal, and the pre- and postsurgery distance of the cervical spinal cord after applying microtitanium plates with different lengths were measured by Mimics version 17.0 software. A statistical regression and correlation analysis of relevant specification parameters of the microtitanium plate was then studied.Results: As the size of the microtitanium plate increased, we found that the cross-sectional area of cervical spinal canal and distance between the descendants of the lamina and the distance of cervical spinal cord concordantly increased. The regression equation associated with sagittal diameter, cross-sectional area, and posterior movement distance of the cervical spinal cord was obtained.Conclusions: The use of the corresponding regression equations enabled the prediction of the cervical spinal canal parameters and posterior movement distance of the cervical spinal cord when adopting different specifications of the microtitanium plate for different segments of the cervical vertebrae. This analysis guided the selection of microtitanium plates with appropriate specifications for different cervical vertebrae in a cervical vertebral dome expansion laminoplasty.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty in the Treatment of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures with Intravertebral Cleft

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Nakamae ◽  
Yoshinori Fujimoto ◽  
Kiyotaka Yamada ◽  
Takashi Hashimoto ◽  
Kjell Olmarker
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Percutaneous Vertebroplasty ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Kyphotic Angle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Intravertebral Cleft ◽  
The Mean

Intravertebral cleft (IVC) is frequently observed in patients with painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF). Some studies reported the usefulness of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for treating OVCF with IVC. However, systematic studies are scarce, and their results are conflicting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic results of PVP in the treatment of painful OVCF with IVC. Two hundred ninety-one patients with OVCF with IVC underwent PVP. Back pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS), and physical disability was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Three radiological parameters were assessed: the local kyphotic angle, percentage spinal canal cross-sectional area of compromise, and intravertebral instability of the affected vertebra. The mean follow-up period was 28 months. The mean values for the VAS and ODI were 8.4 and 60.0%, respectively, before PVP, versus 3.9 and 35.4%, respectively, at the final follow-up. The average local kyphotic angle, percentage spinal canal cross-sectional area of compromise, and intravertebral instability were 10.5°, 17.9% and 6.1°, respectively, before PVP and 8.1°, 15.2%, and 0.8°, respectively, at the final follow-up. There were no neurological or systemic complications due to cement leakage. PVP is an effective and safe intervention for treating OVCF with IVC.

scholarly journals Influence of Lumbar Spinal Canal Dimensions on Neurological Claudication Symptomatology - A Case Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 1019-1024
Author(s):  
Monika Reddy ◽  
Dr Ranganath Gangavelli ◽  
Priyanka Priyanka ◽  
Dr P Saikiran
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lateral Recess ◽  
Dural Sac ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Canal ◽  
Lumbar Spinal ◽  
Mri Measurements

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is abnormal narrowing of spinal canal of lumbar vertebrae causing compression of neural tissue which leads to a neurologic deficit. LSS is diagnosed based on clinical symptoms of patient and it is confirmed using MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). The aim of the study is to determine the association between MRI lumbar spinal canal and foraminal dimensions in on neurological claudication symptomology. A total of 89 patients (45 males ,44 females, age range: 20-60 years) referred for MRI Lumbar spine were included in this prospective study. Patients were categorized into symptomatic (49 cases) and asymptomatic (40 controls) based on Edinburgh claudication questionnaire (ECQ). The Antero-posterior diameter of dural sac, Transverse diameter of dural sac, Cross sectional area of dural sac, Cross sectional area of lateral recess, Lateral recess depth, Angle of lateral recess, Ligamentous interfacet distance was measured from L3 to S1 on Axial T2 weighted MRI images. The strength of association between MRI measurements and clinical symptoms were assessed using logistic regression analysis and Cramer’s V test. The Phi coefficient value for the lumbar spinal canal, foraminal dimensions with neurogenic claudication symptomology based on ECQ was 0.108 & 0.207 respectively, which showed weak positive correlation. Our study concludes that MRI measurements of lumbar spinal canal and foraminal dimensions denoting LSS were found to show weak positive correlation with clinical symptoms assessed based on Edinburgh claudication questionnaire.

Pelvic Canal Narrowing Caused by Triple Pelvic Osteotomy in the Dog

1994 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 110-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Holmberg ◽  
M. B. Hurtig ◽  
H. R. Sukhiani
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Pelvic Osteotomy ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Canal Width ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Post Operative Complications

SummaryDuring a triple pelvic osteotomy, rotation of the free acetabular segment causes the pubic remnant on the acetabulum to rotate into the pelvic canal. The resulting narrowing may cause complications by impingement on the organs within the pelvic canal. Triple pelvic osteotomies were performed on ten cadaver pelves with pubic remnants equal to 0, 25, and 50% of the hemi-pubic length and angles of acetabular rotation of 20, 30, and 40 degrees. All combinations of pubic remnant lengths and angles of acetabular rotation caused a significant reduction in pelvic canal-width and cross-sectional area, when compared to the inact pelvis. Zero, 25, and 50% pubic remnants result in 15, 35, and 50% reductions in pelvic canal width respectively. Overrotation of the acetabulum should be avoided and the pubic remnant on the acetabular segment should be minimized to reduce postoperative complications due to pelvic canal narrowing.When performing triple pelvic osteotomies, the length of the pubic remnant on the acetabular segment and the angle of acetabular rotation both significantly narrow the pelvic canal. To reduce post-operative complications, due to narrowing of the pelvic canal, overrotation of the acetabulum should be avoided and the length of the pubic remnant should be minimized.

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