CVS release history data for detecting logical couplings

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Gall ◽  
M. Jazayeri ◽  
J. Krajewski
Keyword(s):  
History Data

Experiences with the Use of Automation for Collecting and Recording Medical-History Data

1969 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mayne
Keyword(s):  
Medical History ◽  
English Language ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Video Screen ◽  
History Data ◽  
Computer Storage ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Questionnaire Studies ◽  
Health Questionnaires

For the past several years, experimental studies have been undertaken at the Mayo Clinic to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing electronic data processing to handle medical information, especially the medical information which makes up a medical record. We have experimented with automated techniques for collecting and storing medical-history data, specifically with techniques for computer generation and processing of health questionnaires, for computer-controlled administration of health questionnaires, and for computer-controlled entry and retrieval of medical-history data directly by physicians in ordinary English language by use of a video-screen and light-pen computer terminal.The questionnaire studies are concerned with ways of entering into computer storage medical-history data obtained from patients without physician involvement; the video-screen studies are concerned with entry into computer storage of medical-history data obtained by physicians in their interview with the patient. The paper describes our experiences in these studies.

CPT-based liquefaction case histories compiled from three earthquakes in Canterbury, New Zealand

2021 ◽  
pp. 875529302199636
Author(s):  
Mertcan Geyin ◽  
Brett W Maurer ◽  
Brendon A Bradley ◽  
Russell A Green ◽  
Sjoerd van Ballegooy
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Case History ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
History Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surface Manifestation ◽  
The Many

Earthquakes occurring over the past decade in the Canterbury region of New Zealand have resulted in liquefaction case-history data of unprecedented quantity. This provides the profession with a unique opportunity to advance the prediction of liquefaction occurrence and consequences. Toward that end, this article presents a curated dataset containing ∼15,000 cone-penetration-test-based liquefaction case histories compiled from three earthquakes in Canterbury. The compiled, post-processed data are presented in a dense array structure, allowing researchers to easily access and analyze a wealth of information pertinent to free-field liquefaction response (i.e. triggering and surface manifestation). Research opportunities using these data include, but are not limited to, the training or testing of new and existing liquefaction-prediction models. The many methods used to obtain and process the case-history data are detailed herein, as is the structure of the compiled digital file. Finally, recommendations for analyzing the data are outlined, including nuances and limitations that users should carefully consider.

scholarly journals The Use of External Controls in FDA Regulatory Decision Making

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahta Jahanshahi ◽  
Keith Gregg ◽  
Gillian Davis ◽  
Adora Ndu ◽  
Veronica Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Rare Diseases ◽  
The United States ◽  
External Control ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Published Data ◽  
History Data ◽  
Benefit Risk Assessment

AbstractThe regulatory standards of the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) require substantial evidence of effectiveness from adequate and well-controlled trials that typically use a valid comparison to an internal concurrent control. However, when it is not feasible or ethical to use an internal control, particularly in rare disease populations, relying on external controls may be acceptable. To better understand the use of external controls to support product development and approval, we reviewed FDA regulatory approval decisions between 2000 and 2019 for drug and biologic products to identify pivotal studies that leveraged external controls, with a focus on select therapeutic areas. Forty-five approvals were identified where FDA accepted external control data in their benefit/risk assessment; they did so for many reasons including the rare nature of the disease, ethical concerns regarding use of a placebo or no-treatment arm, the seriousness of the condition, and the high unmet medical need. Retrospective natural history data, including retrospective reviews of patient records, was the most common source of external control (44%). Other types of external control were baseline control (33%); published data (11%); and data from a previous clinical study (11%). To gain further insights, a comprehensive evaluation of selected approvals utilizing different types of external control is provided to highlight the variety of approaches used by sponsors and the challenges encountered in supporting product development and FDA decision making; particularly, the value and use of retrospective natural history in the development of products for rare diseases. Education on the use of external controls based on FDA regulatory precedent will allow for continued use and broader application of innovative approaches to clinical trial design, while avoiding delays in product development for rare diseases. Learnings from this review also highlight the need to update regulatory guidance to acknowledge the utility of external controls, particularly retrospective natural history data.

Profiling Darkweb Child Sexual Exploitation Material Forum Members Using Longitudinal Posting History Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 089443932199489
Author(s):  
Madeleine van der Bruggen ◽  
Arjan Blokland
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
English Language ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Developmental Pathways ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
History Data ◽  
Trajectory Modeling ◽  
Child Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Observation Period

Darkweb fora dedicated to the illegal exchange of child sexual exploitation material (CSEM) continue to thrive. Profiling forum members based on their communication patterns will increase our insights in the dynamics of online CSEM and may aid law enforcement to identify those members who are most influential and pose the highest risk. The current study uses data from a large English language Darkweb CSEM forum that was active between 2010 and 2014, containing over 400,000 posts. Posts were time stamped, categorized based on subforum topic, and linked to individual forum members by nickname. Group-based trajectory modeling was subsequently applied to derive forum member profiles based on members’ posting history. Analyses show that over the course of the observation period, overall activity levels—in terms of total number of posting members and the average number of posts per month per member—fluctuate substantially and that multiple developmental pathways—in terms of monthly patterns in the frequency of posts by individual members—can be distinguished. Theoretical and practical ramifications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Developing a vocabulary and ontology for modeling insect natural history data: example data, use cases, and competency questions

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Stucky ◽  
James Balhoff ◽  
Narayani Barve ◽  
Vijay Barve ◽  
Laura Brenskelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Data Systems ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
History Data ◽  
Insect Ecology ◽  
Many Sources ◽  
Multicellular Organisms ◽  
Initial Results

Insects are possibly the most taxonomically and ecologically diverse class of multicellular organisms on Earth. Consequently, they provide nearly unlimited opportunities to develop and test ecological and evolutionary hypotheses. Currently, however, large-scale studies of insect ecology, behavior, and trait evolution are impeded by the difficulty in obtaining and analyzing data derived from natural history observations of insects. These data are typically highly heterogeneous and widely scattered among many sources, which makes developing robust information systems to aggregate and disseminate them a significant challenge. As a step towards this goal, we report initial results of a new effort to develop a standardized vocabulary and ontology for insect natural history data. In particular, we describe a new database of representative insect natural history data derived from multiple sources (but focused on data from specimens in biological collections), an analysis of the abstract conceptual areas required for a comprehensive ontology of insect natural history data, and a database of use cases and competency questions to guide the development of data systems for insect natural history data. We also discuss data modeling and technology-related challenges that must be overcome to implement robust integration of insect natural history data.

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