Experience-based model-driven improvement management with combined data sources from industry and academia

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jedlitschka ◽  
D. Pfahl
Keyword(s):  
Data Sources ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Combined Data

scholarly journals Review of current approaches to spatially explicit urban vulnerability assessments: hazard complexity, data sources, and cartographic representations

GeoScape ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
Pavel Raška ◽  
Martin Dolejš ◽  
Jan Pacina ◽  
Jan Popelka ◽  
Jan Píša ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Multiple Hazards ◽  
Vulnerability Assessments ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Combined Data

AbstractSocio-ecological hazards are processes that − depending on the vulnerability of societal systems − may have profound adverse impacts. For this reason, the current discourse in disaster risk reduction (DRR) has been experiencing a shift toward a vulnerability-led paradigm, raising new questions about how to address (i) the complexity of vulnerabilities to multiple hazards, (ii) their cultural, dynamic, and subjective character, and (iii) the effectiveness and legitimacy of vulnerability assessments as decision-support tools. In this paper, we present a review of 707 vulnerability studies (derived from the Clarivate WoS database; 1988−2018) with a particular focus on urban settings and spatially explicit assessments in order to evaluate current efforts to meet the aforementioned issues. The reviewed studies assessed vulnerabilities to 35 hazard types that were predominantly (n=603, 85%) analysed as single hazards (mostly seismic, flood, and groundwater contamination hazards, as well as climate change), whereas only 15% (n=104) of studies focused on multiple hazards (mostly atmospheric hazards). Within the spatially explicit vulnerability studies, almost 60% used data collected by the study itself (mostly seismic hazards), while statistical and combined data were both employed in 20% of cases (mostly floods, climate change, and social and political hazards). Statistical data were found to have only limited transferability, often being generalised to be applicable in small-scale studies, while reducing the role of cultural and contextual factors. Field research data provided high-resolution information, but their acquisition is time-consuming, and therefore fixed at a local scale and single temporal stage. Underlying hazard types and suitable data sources resulting in other differences found a preference towards the specific coverage and resolution of vulnerability maps that appeared in 44% of all reviewed studies. Altogether, the differences we found indicated a division of spatially explicit vulnerability research in two major directions: (i) geological and geomorphological studies focusing on physical vulnerability, using their own data surveys at a detailed scale and lacking links to other hazards, and (ii) other studies (mostly atmospheric hazards and socialpolitical hazards) focusing on social or combined vulnerabilities, using primarily statistical or combined data at a municipal, regional, and country scale with occasional efforts to integrate multiple hazards. Finally, although cartographic representations have become a frequent component of vulnerability studies, our review found only vague rationalisations for the presentation of maps, and a lack of guidelines for the interpretation of uncertainties and the use of maps as decision-support tools.

scholarly journals Model Driven Development Applied to Complex Event Processing for Near Real-Time Open Data

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Clemente ◽  
Adolfo Lozano-Tello
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Complex Event Processing ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Event Processing ◽  
Model Driven Development ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Concrete Syntax ◽  
Use Of The Internet

Nowadays, data are being produced like never before because the use of the Internet of Things, social networks, and communication in general are increasing exponentially. Many of these data, especially those from public administrations, are freely offered using the open data concept where data are published to improve their reutilisation and transparency. Initially, the data involved information that is not updated continuously such as budgets, tourist information, office information, pharmacy information, etc. This kind of information does not change during large periods of time, such as days, weeks or months. However, when open data are produced near to real-time such as air quality sensors or people counters, suitable methodologies and tools are lacking to identify, consume, and analyse them. This work presents a methodology to tackle the analysis of open data sources using Model-Driven Development (MDD) and Complex Event Processing (CEP), which help users to raise the abstraction level utilised to manage and analyse open data sources. That means that users can manage heterogeneous and complex technology by using domain concepts defined by a model that could be used to generate specific code. Thus, this methodology is supported by a domain-specific language (DSL) called OpenData2CEP, which includes a metamodel, a graphical concrete syntax, and a model-to-text transformation to specific platforms, such as complex event processing engines. Finally, the methodology and the DSL have been applied to two near real-time contexts: the analysis of air quality for citizens’ proposals and the analysis of earthquake data.

Picobia dziabaszewskii sp. nov. (Acari, Syringophilidae)—combined description (morphology with DNA barcode data) of a new quill mite species parasitizing Garrulax formosus (Passeriformes: Leiothrichidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3224 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELIZA GLOWSKA ◽  
ANNA DRAGUN-DAMIAN ◽  
JACEK DABERT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Combined Data

A new species of quill mites Picobia dziabaszewskii sp. nov. (Acari, Syringophilidae) parasitizing Garrulax formosus(Verreaux) (Passeriformes: Leiothrichidae) is described using combined data sources: standard morphological informa-tion extended by mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I sequence (COI) and domene D2 of the nuclear gene 28S rDNA data(DNA barcode). Additionally, the case of polymorphism within domene D2 region of 28 rDNA is registered for the first time in syringophilid mites.

scholarly journals Co-occurrence Patterns of Character Strengths and Measured Core Virtues in German-Speaking Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willibald Ruch ◽  
Sonja Heintz ◽  
Lisa Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Character Strengths ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Character Strength ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Occurrence Patterns ◽  
Via Classification ◽  
Combined Data

The VIA Classification on character strengths and virtues suggests 24 character strengths clustered into six core virtues (wisdom and knowledge, courage, humanity, justice, temperance, and transcendence). Three recent studies employed different methods for testing the assignment of character strengths to virtues (e.g., expert and layperson ratings), and generally supported the VIA classification. However, the co-occurrence of character strengths and virtues within individuals has not been examined yet. Another untested assumption is that an individual’s composition of character strengths is related to being considered of “good character.” Thus, the present study addresses three research questions: (1) How do character strengths and measured virtues co-occur within individuals? (2.1) How does the number of character strengths an individual possesses within a virtue cluster relate to their level of the respective virtue? (2.2) How does the composition of an individual’s character strengths relate to being considered of “good character”? We combined data from different studies to obtain a sample of N = 1,241 participants (n = 897 self-raters, n = 344 informant-raters, 70.1% female) aged 18 to 92 years (M = 30.64). All participants completed assessments of character strengths and virtues. Regarding (1), we found a high convergence of the correlations between strengths and virtues and the VIA Classification: 22 out of 24 character strengths correlated with the assigned virtue (exceptions were hope, which correlated highest with courage, and humor, which correlated highest with humanity). Also, 15 character strengths showed the numerically highest correlation with their assigned virtue. Regarding (2.1), overall, we found a linear trend between the number of strengths within one cluster and the virtue level. Regarding (2.2), we found higher levels of reported “good character” in those who possessed either (a) at least one character strength in each virtue cluster or (b) all character strengths in at least one virtue compared to those who did not. The present results contribute to the discussion regarding the structure of character: individuals’ character strengths relate to differences in virtues, across different measures and data sources. Relationships were mostly as expected, and deviations were consistent with results obtained using other approaches.

scholarly journals New data identify an increasing sex ratio of multiple sclerosis in Sweden

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1578-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helga Westerlind ◽  
Inger Boström ◽  
Leszek Stawiarz ◽  
Anne-Marie Landtblom ◽  
Catarina Almqvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sampling Bias ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Disease Aetiology ◽  
National Patient ◽  
Combined Data

Background: An increasing women-to-men ratio in later birth cohorts of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has been observed in several populations and has been hypothesised to be due to one or several environmental factors of importance for disease aetiology. However, in a study based on data from the Swedish MS registry (SMSreg) this ratio was recently reported to be rather stable during the 20th century. Objective: The purpose of this study was to reinvestigate the women-to-men ratio in Sweden based on data from all available data sources, including deceased patients. Method: We combined data from the SMSreg with data from national patient registers. Results: In total we obtained information on 19,510 MS patients born 1931–1985, 13,321 women and 6189 men. The women-to-men ratio increased from 1.70 for patients born in the 1930s to 2.67 for patients born in the 1980s. When comparing the coverage of SMSreg to the full data set, a significantly higher proportion of women born 1931–1935 compared to men born in the same period were found in SMSreg, resulting in a sampling bias hiding the increasing sex ratio in the full material. Conclusion: The women-to-men ratio in MS has increased in Sweden during the 20th century similarly to observations in other western countries.

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