A signaling pathway analysis model based on Kullback-Leibler divergence

Author(s):  
Hang Wei ◽  
Haoran Zheng ◽  
Yang Xu
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Zengming Zhao ◽  
Wenting Chen

Monetary policy is an important means for a country to regulate macroeconomic operations and achieve established economic goals. Moreover, a reasonable monetary policy improves the efficiency of financial operations on a global scale and effectively resolves the financial crisis. At present, scholars from various countries have begun to pay attention to the issue of differentiated formulation of monetary policy among regions. This paper combines machine learning to construct a monetary policy differentiation effect analysis model based on the GVAR model. Moreover, this paper uses the gray correlation analysis method to obtain the gray correlation matrix between industries, and then introduces the industry’s own characteristics, industry relevance and macroeconomic factors into the macro stress test of credit risk. In addition, this paper constructs a conduction model based on the industry GVAR model, and uses the first-order difference sequence of GDP growth rate, CPI growth rate and M2 growth rate of each economic region to construct a GVAR model to test the impulse response function. The results of the test show that the monetary policy shocks of various economic regions are significantly different. All in all, the research results show that the performance of the model constructed in this paper is good.


2018 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Qin Bian ◽  
Shufen Liu ◽  
Yongjian Zhao ◽  
Jianhua Huang ◽  
Ziyin Shen

Objective: Icariin (ICA), an extract from epimedium, has been reported to be effective in promoting bone formation. The objective of the study is to search for the molecular targets of ICA in bone mesenchymal stem cells (bMSCs) from the mice with ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis. Methods: Six-month-old Imprinting Control Region (ICR) mice that underwent OVX were treated with ICA. After three months, bone mass was evaluated by microcomputed tomography, morphometry and immunohistological detection. bMSCs were isolated from the femur and tibia to observe the self-renewal and differentiation capacities using colony-forming unit fibroblastic (CFU-F), colony-forming unit adipocyte (CFU-Adipo) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. In addition, microarray of bMSCs ex vivo was measured two weeks after ICA treatment and analyzed by heatmap and pathway analysis. The signaling pathway was further explored by western blot assay and inhibitors of p38 and ERK: SB203508 and PD98059. Results: [Formula: see text]CT displayed a decrease in bone mass for three months after OVX. ICA treatment increased the trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), osteoblast number while decreased osteoclast number, elevating osteocalcin (OC) protein levels in vivo and facilitating the self-renewal and osteoblastic differentiation of bMSCs ex vivo. Microarray data indicated ICA rescued several gene expressions that were dysregulated by OVX. Pathway analysis revealed that the core genes acted by ICA were highly involved in MAPK signaling pathway. Further study demonstrated ICA suppressed ERK while stimulated p38 phosphorylation to promote osteoblastic differentiation in vitro. Conclusion: ICA promotes osteoblastic differentiation of bMSCs in OVX mice. MAPK signaling pathway might be involved in the process.


1995 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Adams ◽  
James C. Gregor ◽  
Ann E. Kertesz ◽  
Leslie S. Valberg

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