Effects of active or passive touch on perception precision of edge direction using tactile mouse exhibiting convex dot-patterns on the palm

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiraku Komura ◽  
Masahiro Ohka
Keyword(s):  
Passive Touch ◽  
Edge Direction

Improvement of Recognition on a Multi-Modal Pattern Discrimination Test

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cappon ◽  
Robin Banks ◽  
Craig Ramsey
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Pattern Discrimination ◽  
Repeated Exposure ◽  
Practice Effects ◽  
Discrimination Test ◽  
Passive Touch ◽  
Modal Test ◽  
Treatment Variation

A multi-modal test of pattern discrimination, including vision, hearing, active and passive touch, is described. It measures changes in veridicality of recognition as a result of two kinds of treatment: variation in pattern definition or context and practice effects. The test consists essentially of stable familiar geometrical figures in the foreground against a background of graduated “noise” in the same modality as the embedded figure. 240 Ss, divided into four groups (one of each modality) were employed. Ss were exposed to corrective feedback, repeated exposure or a control condition and to a random presentation of varying background for each of the foreground figures in a particular modality. Results indicated that both practice and background noise level affected veridicality of recognition.

scholarly journals Edge orientation perception during active touch

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 2423-2429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Olczak ◽  
Vaishnavi Sukumar ◽  
J. Andrew Pruszynski
Keyword(s):  
Motor System ◽  
Active Touch ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Edge Orientation ◽  
Passive Touch ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Orientation Perception ◽  
Psychophysical Studies ◽  
Psychophysical Task ◽  
Better Than

Previous studies investigating the perceptual attributes of tactile edge orientation processing have applied their stimuli to an immobilized fingertip. Here we tested the perceptual attributes of edge orientation processing when participants actively touched the stimulus. Our participants moved their finger over two pairs of edges, one pair parallel and the other nonparallel to varying degrees, and were asked to identify which of the two pairs was nonparallel. In addition to the psychophysical estimates of edge orientation acuity, we measured the speed at which participants moved their finger and the forces they exerted when moving their finger over the stimulus. We report four main findings. First, edge orientation acuity during active touch averaged 12.4°, similar to that previously reported during passive touch. Second, on average, participants moved their finger over the stimuli at ~20 mm/s and exerted contact forces of ~0.3 N. Third, there was no clear relationship between how people moved their finger or how they pressed on the stimulus and their edge orientation acuity. Fourth, consistent with previous work testing tactile spatial acuity, we found a significant correlation between fingertip size and orientation acuity such that people with smaller fingertips tended to have better orientation acuity. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Edge orientation acuity expressed by the motor system during manipulation is many times better than edge orientation acuity assessed in psychophysical studies where stimuli are applied to a passive fingertip. Here we show that this advantage is not because of movement per se because edge orientation acuity assessed in a psychophysical task, where participants actively move their finger over the stimuli, yields results similar to previous passive psychophysical studies.

Role of Primary Somatosensory Cortex in Active and Passive Touch

1996 ◽  
pp. 329-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Elaine Chapman ◽  
François Tremblay ◽  
Stacey A. Ageranioti-Bélanger
Keyword(s):  
Somatosensory Cortex ◽  
Primary Somatosensory Cortex ◽  
Passive Touch

Response Patterns in Second Somatosensory Cortex (SII) of Awake Monkeys to Passively Applied Tactile Gratings

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 780-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Pruett ◽  
R. J. Sinclair ◽  
H. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Somatosensory Cortex ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Random Force ◽  
Groove Width ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
Passive Touch ◽  
Movement Parameters

This experiment explored the effects of controlled manipulations of three parameters of tactile gratings, groove width (1.07–2.53 mm), contact force (30–90 g), and scanning speed (40–120 mm/s), on the responses of cells in second somatosensory cortex (SII) of awake monkeys that were performing a groove-width classification task with passively presented stimuli. A previous experiment involving an active touch paradigm demonstrated that macaque SII cells code groove-width and hand-movement parameters in their average firing rates. The present study used a passive-touch protocol to remove somatosensory activation related to hand movements that accompany haptic exploration of surfaces. Monkeys maintained a constant hand position while a robotic device delivered stimulation with tactile gratings to a single stabilized finger pad. Single-unit recordings isolated 216 neurons that were retrospectively assigned to SII on histological criteria. Firing patterns for 86 of these SII cells were characterized in detail, while monkeys classified gratings as rough (1.90 and 2.53 mm groove widths) or smooth (1.07 and 1.42 mm groove widths), with trial-wise random, parametric manipulation of force or speed; the monkeys compared 1.07 versus 1.90 mm and 1.42 versus 2.53 mm in alternating blocks of trials. We studied 33 cells with systematic variation of groove width and force, 49 with groove width and speed, and four with all three variables. Sixty-three cells were sensitive to groove width, 43 to force (effects of random force in speed experiments contributed to N), and 34 to speed. Relatively equal numbers of cells changed mean firing rates as positive or negative functions of increasing groove width, force, and/or speed. Cells typically changed mean firing rates for two or three of the independent variables. Effects of groove width, force, and speed were additive or interactive. The variety of response functions was similar to that found in a prior study of primary somatosensory cortex (SI) that used passive touch. The SII sample population showed correlated changes (both positive and negative) in firing rates with increasing groove width and force and to a lesser degree, with increasing groove width and speed. This correlation is consistent with human psychophysical studies that found increasing groove width and force increase perceived roughness magnitude, and it strengthens the argument for SII's direct involvement in roughness perception.

scholarly journals In the Tactile Discrimination of Compliance, Perceptual Cues in Addition to Contact Area Are Required

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1535-1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Xu ◽  
Yuxiang Wang ◽  
Steven C. Hauser ◽  
Gregory J. Gerling
Keyword(s):  
Contact Area ◽  
Active Touch ◽  
Applied Force ◽  
Perceptual Cues ◽  
Tactile Discrimination ◽  
Passive Touch ◽  
Contact Areas ◽  
Effective Dynamic ◽  
Soft Objects ◽  
Finger Pad

In our ability to discriminate compliant, or ‘soft,’ objects, we rely upon information acquired from interactions at the finger pad. We have yet to resolve the most pertinent perceptual cues. However, doing so is vital for building effective, dynamic displays. By introducing psychophysical illusions through spheres of various size and elasticity, we investigate the utility of contact area cues, thought to be key in encoding compliance. For both active and passive touch, we determine finger pad-to-stimulus contact areas, using an ink-based procedure, as well as discrimination thresholds. The findings indicate that in passive touch, participants cannot discriminate certain small compliant versus large stiff spheres, which generate similar contact areas. In active touch, however, participants easily discriminate these spheres, though contact areas remain similar. Supplementary cues based on stimulus rate and/or proprioception seem vital. One cue that does differ for illusion cases is finger displacement given a volitionally applied force.

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