Novel DTIRC-based lens design for use with an extended light source for a rectangular footprint

It is believed by the authors, with supporting experimental evidence, that as little as 0.5°, or less, knife clearance angle may be a critical factor in obtaining optimum quality ultrathin sections. The degree increments located on the knife holder provides the investigator with only a crude approximation of the angle at which the holder is set. With the increments displayed on the holder one cannot set the clearance angle precisely and reproducibly. The ability to routinely set this angle precisely and without difficulty would obviously be of great assistance to the operator. A device has been contrived to aid the investigator in precisely setting the clearance angle. This device is relatively simple and is easily constructed. It consists of a light source and an optically flat, front surfaced mirror with a minute black spot in the center. The mirror is affixed to the knife by placing it permanently on top of the knife holder.

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Recent developments in automated Transmission Electron MI

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100152203 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 46-47

Author(s):

W.J. de Ruijter ◽

P. Rez ◽

David J. Smith

Keyword(s):

Image Analysis ◽

Computer Image ◽

Lens Design ◽

Computer Image Analysis ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Resolution Electron ◽

Recent Developments ◽

On Line ◽

Routine Procedures ◽

Near Future

There is growing interest in the on-line use of computers in high-resolution electron n which should reduce the demands on highly skilled operators and thereby extend the r of the technique. An on-line computer could obviously perform routine procedures hand, or else facilitate automation of various restoration, reconstruction and enhan These techniques are slow and cumbersome at present because of the need for cai micrographs and off-line processing. In low resolution microscopy (most biologic; primary incentive for automation and computer image analysis is to create a instrument, with standard programmed procedures. In HREM (materials researc computer image analysis should lead to better utilization of the microscope. Instru (improved lens design and higher accelerating voltages) have improved the interpretab the level of atomic dimensions (approximately 1.6 Å) and instrumental resolutior should become feasible in the near future.

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A confocal laser scanning microscope for fluorescence and reflection at video rates

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100152641 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 134-135

Author(s):

P.M. Houpt ◽

A. Draaijer

Keyword(s):

Light Source ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Focal Point ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Point Light Source ◽

Volume Of Interest ◽

Ion Laser ◽

Point Light ◽

Point Detector

In confocal microscopy, the object is scanned by the coinciding focal points (confocal) of a point light source and a point detector both focused on a certain plane in the object. Only light coming from the focal point is detected and, even more important, out-of-focus light is rejected.This makes it possible to slice up optically the ‘volume of interest’ in the object by moving it axially while scanning the focused point light source (X-Y) laterally. The successive confocal sections can be stored in a computer and used to reconstruct the object in a 3D image display.The instrument described is able to scan the object laterally with an Ar ion laser (488 nm) at video rates. The image of one confocal section of an object can be displayed within 40 milliseconds (1000 х 1000 pixels). The time to record the total information within the ‘volume of interest’ normally depends on the number of slices needed to cover it, but rarely exceeds a few seconds.

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The Added Value of Graphical Input and Display for Electron Lens Design

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100179701 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 190-191

Author(s):

B. Lencova ◽

G. Wisselink

Keyword(s):

Flux Density ◽

Numerical Data ◽

Added Value ◽

Lens Design ◽

Step Size ◽

Magnetic Lens ◽

Flux Lines ◽

Fine Mesh ◽

Electron Lens ◽

User Friendly

Recent progress in computer technology enables the calculation of lens fields and focal properties on commonly available computers such as IBM ATs. If we add to this the use of graphics, we greatly increase the applicability of design programs for electron lenses. Most programs for field computation are based on the finite element method (FEM). They are written in Fortran 77, so that they are easily transferred from PCs to larger machines.The design process has recently been made significantly more user friendly by adding input programs written in Turbo Pascal, which allows a flexible implementation of computer graphics. The input programs have not only menu driven input and modification of numerical data, but also graphics editing of the data. The input programs create files which are subsequently read by the Fortran programs. From the main menu of our magnetic lens design program, further options are chosen by using function keys or numbers. Some options (lens initialization and setting, fine mesh, current densities, etc.) open other menus where computation parameters can be set or numerical data can be entered with the help of a simple line editor. The "draw lens" option enables graphical editing of the mesh - see fig. I. The geometry of the electron lens is specified in terms of coordinates and indices of a coarse quadrilateral mesh. In this mesh, the fine mesh with smoothly changing step size is calculated by an automeshing procedure. The options shown in fig. 1 allow modification of the number of coarse mesh lines, change of coordinates of mesh points or lines, and specification of lens parts. Interactive and graphical modification of the fine mesh can be called from the fine mesh menu. Finally, the lens computation can be called. Our FEM program allows up to 8000 mesh points on an AT computer. Another menu allows the display of computed results stored in output files and graphical display of axial flux density, flux density in magnetic parts, and the flux lines in magnetic lenses - see fig. 2. A series of several lens excitations with user specified or default magnetization curves can be calculated and displayed in one session.

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Inter-Method Reliability of Pulse Volume Related Measures Derived Using Finger-Photoplethysmography

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027/0269-8803/a000197 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 182-190 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kenta Matsumura ◽

Koichi Shimizu ◽

Peter Rolfe ◽

Masanori Kakimoto ◽

Takehiro Yamakoshi

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Light Source ◽

Direct Current ◽

Resting State ◽

Current Component ◽

Psychophysiological Measures ◽

Pulse Volume ◽

Optical Paths ◽

Sensor Positions

Abstract. Pulse volume (PV) and its related measures, such as modified normalized pulse volume (mNPV), direct-current component (DC), and pulse rate (PR), derived from the finger-photoplethysmogram (FPPG), are useful psychophysiological measures. Although considerable uncertainties exist in finger-photoplethysmography, little is known about the extent of the adverse effects on the measures. In this study, we therefore examined the inter-method reliability of each index across sensor positions and light intensities, which are major disturbance factors of FPPG. From the tips of the index fingers of 12 participants in a resting state, three simultaneous FPPGs having overlapping optical paths were recorded, with their light intensity being changed in three steps. The analysis revealed that the minimum values of three coefficients of Cronbach’s α for ln PV, ln mNPV, ln DC, and PR across positions were .948, .850, .922, and 1.000, respectively, and that those across intensities were .774, .985, .485, and .998, respectively. These findings suggest that ln mNPV and PR can be used for psychophysiological studies irrespective of minor differences in sensor attachment positions and light source intensity, whereas and ln DC can also be used for such studies but under the condition of light intensity being fixed.

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X-ray microscopy by phase-retrieval methods at the advanced light source

Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings) ◽

10.1051/jp4:20030143 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 104 ◽

pp. 557-561 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. R. Howells ◽

H. Chapman ◽

S. Hau-Riege ◽

H. He ◽

S. Marchesini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Light Source ◽

Phase Retrieval ◽

X Ray ◽

Advanced Light Source

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Keynote

Conference Proceedings of the Academy for Design Innovation Management ◽

10.33114/adim.2017.225 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jeanne LIEDTKA

Keyword(s):

Organizational Performance ◽

Design Thinking ◽

Social Systems ◽

Field Research ◽

Higher Order ◽

Lens Design ◽

Social Sector ◽

Extensive Field ◽

Innovative Solutions ◽

The Impact

The value delivered by design thinking is almost always seen to be improvements in the creativity and usefulness of the solutions produced. This paper takes a broader view of the potential power of design thinking, highlighting its role as a social technology for enhancing the productivity of conversations for change across difference. Examined through this lens, design thinking can be observed to aid diverse sets of stakeholders’ abilities to work together to both produce higher order, more innovative solutions and to implement them more successfully. In this way, it acts as a facilitator of the processes of collectives, by enhancing their ability to learn, align and change together. This paper draws on both the author’s extensive field research on the use of design thinking in social sector organizations, as well as on the literature of complex social systems, to discuss implications for both practitioners and scholars interested in assessing the impact of design thinking on organizational performance.

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Organic Light Emitting Diodes - Innovative Light Sources

Light & Engineering ◽

10.33383/2018-157 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 101-107

Author(s):

Sergei A. Stakharny

Keyword(s):

Light Source ◽

Organic Light Emitting Diodes ◽

Organic Leds ◽

Light Sources ◽

High Quality ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Organic Light ◽

Lighting Systems ◽

Physical Principles ◽

Prospects Of Application

This article is a review of the new light source – organic LEDs having prospects of application in general and special lighting systems. The article describes physical principles of operation of organic LEDs, their advantages and principal differences from conventional non-organic LEDs and other light sources. Also the article devoted to contemporary achievements and prospects of development of this field in the spheres of both general and museum lighting as well as other spheres where properties of organic LEDs as high-quality light sources may be extremely useful.

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