A Novel Data Set Importance Based Cost-Effective and Computation-Efficient Storage Strategy in the Cloud

Privacy preserving in Data mining & publishing, plays a major role in today networked world. It is important to preserve the privacy of the vital information corresponding to a data set. This process can be achieved by k-anonymization solution for classification. Along with the privacy preserving using anonymization, yielding the optimized data sets is also of equal importance with a cost effective approach. In this paper Top-Down Refinement algorithm has been proposed which yields optimum results in a cost effective manner. Bayesian Classification has been proposed in this paper to predict class membership probabilities for a data tuple for which the associated class label is unknown.

Download Full-text

Abstract 17309: Validation of a Novel Prediction Tool for Circulatory Etiology Death After Cardiac Arrest

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.132.suppl_3.17309 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Karen Bascom ◽

John Dziodzio ◽

Samip Vasaiwala ◽

Michael Mooney ◽

Nainesh Patel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Medical Center ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Circulatory Support ◽

Prediction Tool ◽

Data Set ◽

Derivation Cohort ◽

Maine Medical ◽

St Elevation ◽

Simple Bedside

Introduction: Post-resuscitation cardiac arrest (CA) triage to urgent angiography, percutaneous intervention, and mechanical circulatory support is hampered by inconclusive risk stratification, especially among patients without ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We analyzed registry data to develop a prediction tool to determine the risk of circulatory-etiology (CV) death in patients without STEMI, and validated it in a separate cohort. Methods: Using the International Cardiac Arrest Registry (INTCAR)-Cardiology data set and stepwise linear regression with an inclusion rule of P≤0.1, we determined demographic and clinical factors independently associated with CV death, and created a weighted prediction model for patients presenting after CA without STEMI. The model was then validated in a separate, larger cohort from INTCAR. This project was approved by the Maine Medical Center IRB. Results: Of 468 patients in the derivation cohort, 90 met criteria for the endpoint. In the multivariable model, age greater than 65 (OR=2.4, p=0.0001), preexisting coronary disease (OR=1.9, P=0.0065), diabetes (OR=1.8, P=0.01), in-hospital arrest (OR=1.5, P=0.1), time from collapse to return of circulation (TTROSC) greater than 25 minutes (OR=1.7, p=0.02), shock at presentation (OR=3.9, P<0.0001), and EF<30% on first echo (OR=1.6, P=0.05) were independently associated with CV death. Using weighted predictors (age>65 =1, prior CAD =1, diabetes =1, in-hospital arrest =1, TTROSC>25 =1, admission LVEF<30% =1, shock =2,), an additive score of 0-2 predicted CV death in 8.5% and ≥3 in 34% in the derivation cohort. In the validation cohort, which comprised 1197 patients, of whom 263 met criteria for CV death, a score of 0-2 was associated with 13.1% and ≥3 with 35.1% CV death, respectively. Conclusions: A simple bedside prediction tool can predict high (34-35.1%) vs. low (8.5-13.1%) risk of circulatory-etiology death in cardiac arrest survivors without STEMI. This model could be used to risk-stratify cardiac arrest survivors, and aid in the triage of patients to appropriate and cost-effective post-resuscitation treatments.

Download Full-text

A poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene)/carbon micro-sphere-bismuth nanoflake composite and multifunctional Co-doped graphene for a benchmark photo-supercapacitor

Nanoscale Advances ◽

10.1039/d0na00103a ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (7) ◽

pp. 2925-2942

Author(s):

Aparajita Das ◽

Manoranjan Ojha ◽

Palyam Subramanyam ◽

Melepurath Deepa

Keyword(s):

Cost Effective ◽

Efficient Storage ◽

Doped Graphene ◽

Micro Sphere ◽

Co Doped

Efficient storage of sunlight in the form of charge is accomplished by designing and implementing a photo-supercapacitor (PSC) with a novel, cost-effective architecture.

Download Full-text

Cost-Effectiveness of a Multifaceted Podiatry Intervention for the Prevention of Falls in Older People: The REducing Falls with Orthoses and a Multifaceted Podiatry Intervention Trial Findings

Gerontology ◽

10.1159/000489171 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 503-512 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Belen Corbacho ◽

Sarah Cockayne ◽

Caroline Fairhurst ◽

Catherine E. Hewitt ◽

Kate Hicks ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Older People ◽

Usual Care ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Falls Prevention ◽

Data Set ◽

Life Years ◽

The Cost

Background: Falls are a major cause of morbidity among older people. Multifaceted interventions may be effective in preventing falls and related fractures. Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness alongside the REducing Falls with Orthoses and a Multifaceted podiatry intervention (REFORM) trial. Methods: REFORM was a pragmatic multicentre cohort randomised controlled trial in England and Ireland; 1,010 participants (> 65 years) were randomised to receive either a podiatry intervention (n = 493), including foot and ankle strengthening exercises, foot orthoses, new footwear if required, and a falls prevention leaflet, or usual podiatry treatment plus a falls prevention leaflet (n = 517). Primary outcome: incidence of falls per participant in the 12 months following randomisation. Secondary outcomes: proportion of fallers and quality of life (EQ-5D-3L) which was converted into quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) for each participant. Differences in mean costs and QALYs at 12 months were used to assess the cost-effectiveness of the intervention relative to usual care. Cost-effectiveness analyses were conducted in accordance with National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence reference case standards, using a regression-based approach with costs expressed in GBP (2015 price). The base case analysis used an intention-to-treat approach on the imputed data set using multiple imputation. Results: There was a small, non-statistically significant reduction in the incidence rate of falls in the intervention group (adjusted incidence rate ratio 0.88, 95% CI 0.73–1.05, p = 0.16). Participants allocated to the intervention group accumulated on average marginally higher QALYs than the usual care participants (mean difference 0.0129, 95% CI –0.0050 to 0.0314). The intervention costs were on average GBP 252 more per participant compared to the usual care participants (95% CI GBP –69 to GBP 589). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios ranged between GBP 19,494 and GBP 20,593 per QALY gained, below the conventional National Health Service cost-effectiveness thresholds of GBP 20,000 to GBP 30,000 per additional QALY. The probability that the podiatry intervention is cost-effective at a threshold of GBP 30,000 per QALY gained was 0.65. The results were robust to sensitivity analyses. Conclusion: The benefits of the intervention justified the moderate cost. The intervention could be a cost-effective option for falls prevention when compared with usual care in the UK.

Download Full-text

Fog and Low Stratus Obstruction of Wind Lidar Observations in Germany—A Remote Sensing-Based Data Set for Wind Energy Planning

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13153859 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 3859

Author(s):

Benjamin Rösner ◽

Sebastian Egli ◽

Boris Thies ◽

Tina Beyer ◽

Doron Callies ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Planning Process ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Data Availability ◽

Cloud Base ◽

Radiation Fog ◽

Data Set ◽

Weather Types ◽

Lidar Measurements

Coherent wind doppler lidar (CWDL) is a cost-effective way to estimate wind power potential at hub height without the need to build a meteorological tower. However, fog and low stratus (FLS) can have a negative impact on the availability of lidar measurements. Information about such reductions in wind data availability for a prospective lidar deployment site in advance is beneficial in the planning process for a measurement strategy. In this paper, we show that availability reductions by FLS can be estimated by comparing time series of lidar measurements, conducted with WindCubes v1 and v2, with time series of cloud base altitude (CBA) derived from satellite data. This enables us to compute average maps (2006–2017) of estimated availability, including FLS-induced data losses for Germany which can be used for planning purposes. These maps show that the lower mountain ranges and the Alpine regions in Germany often reach the critical data availability threshold of 80% or below. Especially during the winter time special care must be taken when using lidar in southern and central regions of Germany. If only shorter lidar campaigns are planned (3–6 months) the representativeness of weather types should be considered as well, because in individual years and under persistent weather types, lowland areas might also be temporally affected by higher rates of data losses. This is shown by different examples, e.g., during radiation fog under anticyclonic weather types.

Download Full-text

Neuronavigation using susceptibility-weighted venography: application to deep brain stimulation and comparison with gadolinium contrast

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2014.3.jns131860 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 121 (1) ◽

pp. 131-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Silvain Bériault ◽

Abbas F. Sadikot ◽

Fahd Alsubaie ◽

Simon Drouin ◽

D. Louis Collins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Deep Brain Stimulation ◽

Brain Stimulation ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Neurological Deficits ◽

Data Sets ◽

Cerebral Vasculature ◽

Gadolinium Contrast ◽

Data Set ◽

Surgical Workflow ◽

Deep Brain

Careful trajectory planning on preoperative vascular imaging is an essential step in deep brain stimulation (DBS) to minimize risks of hemorrhagic complications and postoperative neurological deficits. This paper compares 2 MRI methods for visualizing cerebral vasculature and planning DBS probe trajectories: a single data set T1-weighted scan with double-dose gadolinium contrast (T1w-Gd) and a multi–data set protocol consisting of a T1-weighted structural, susceptibility-weighted venography, and time-of-flight angiography (T1w-SWI-TOF). Two neurosurgeons who specialize in neuromodulation surgery planned bilateral STN DBS in 18 patients with Parkinson's disease (36 hemispheres) using each protocol separately. Planned trajectories were then evaluated across all vascular data sets (T1w-Gd, SWI, and TOF) to detect possible intersection with blood vessels along the entire path via an objective vesselness measure. The authors' results show that trajectories planned on T1w-SWI-TOF successfully avoided the cerebral vasculature imaged by conventional T1w-Gd and did not suffer from missing vascular information or imprecise data set registration. Furthermore, with appropriate planning and visualization software, trajectory corridors planned on T1w-SWI-TOF intersected significantly less fine vasculature that was not detected on the T1w-Gd (p < 0.01 within 2 mm and p < 0.001 within 4 mm of the track centerline). The proposed T1w-SWI-TOF protocol comes with minimal effects on the imaging and surgical workflow, improves vessel avoidance, and provides a safe cost-effective alternative to injection of gadolinium contrast.

Download Full-text

Practical Calling Approach for Exome Array-Based Genome-Wide Association Studies in Korean Population

International Journal of Genomics ◽

10.1155/2015/421715 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tae-Joon Park ◽

Lyong Heo ◽

Sanghoon Moon ◽

Young Jin Kim ◽

Ji Hee Oh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clustering Algorithm ◽

Association Studies ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Valuable Insight ◽

Genome Wide Association Studies ◽

Data Set ◽

Genotype Calling ◽

Comparison Results ◽

Exome Chip

Exome-based genotyping arrays are cost-effective and have recently been used as alternative platforms to whole-exome sequencing. However, the automated clustering algorithm in an exome array has a genotype calling problem in accuracy for identifying rare and low-frequency variants. To address these shortcomings, we present a practical approach for accurate genotype calling using the Illumina Infinium HumanExome BeadChip. We present comparison results and a statistical summary of our genotype data sets. Our data set comprises 14,647 Korean samples. To solve the limitation of automated clustering, we performed manual genotype clustering for the targeted identification of 46,076 variants that were identified using GenomeStudio software. To evaluate the effects of applying custom cluster files, we tested cluster files using 804 independent Korean samples and the same platform. Our study firstly suggests practical guidelines for exome chip quality control in Asian populations and provides valuable insight into an association study using exome chip.

Download Full-text

Minimizing field operations in shallow 3‐D seismic reflection surveying

Geophysics ◽

10.1190/1.1487118 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 66 (6) ◽

pp. 1761-1773 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Roman Spitzer ◽

Alan G. Green ◽

Frank O. Nitsche

Keyword(s):

Seismic Reflection ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Unconsolidated Sediments ◽

Data Set ◽

Seismic Reflection Data ◽

Northern Switzerland ◽

Shallow Subsurface ◽

Reflection Data ◽

Effective Manner ◽

Original Survey

By appropriately decimating a comprehensive shallow 3‐D seismic reflection data set recorded across unconsolidated sediments in northern Switzerland, we have investigated the potential and limitations of four different source‐receiver acquisition patterns. For the original survey, more than 12 000 shots and 18 000 receivers deployed on a [Formula: see text] grid resulted in common midpoint (CMP) data with an average fold of ∼40 across a [Formula: see text] area. A principal goal of our investigation was to determine an acquisition strategy capable of producing reliable subsurface images in a more efficient and cost‐effective manner. Field efforts for the four tested acquisition strategies were approximately 50%, 50%, 25%, and 20% of the original effort. All four data subsets were subjected to a common processing sequence. Static corrections, top‐mute functions, and stacking velocities were estimated individually for each subset. Because shallow reflections were difficult to discern on shot and CMP gathers generated with the lowest density acquisition pattern (20% field effort) such that dependable top‐mute functions could not be estimated, data resulting from this acquisition pattern were not processed to completion. Of the three fully processed data subsets, two (50% field effort and 25% field effort) yielded 3‐D migrated images comparable to that derived from the entire data set, whereas the third (50% field effort) resulted in good‐quality images only in the shallow subsurface because of a lack of far‐offset data. On the basis of these results, we concluded that all geological objectives associated with our particular study site, which included mapping complex lithological units and their intervening shallow dipping boundaries, would have been achieved by conducting a 3‐D seismic reflection survey that was 75% less expensive than the original one.

Download Full-text

The cost-effectiveness of testing strategies for type 2 diabetes: a modelling study

Health Technology Assessment ◽

10.3310/hta19330 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (33) ◽

pp. 1-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Mike Gillett ◽

Alan Brennan ◽

Penny Watson ◽

Kamlesh Khunti ◽

Melanie Davies ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

High Risk ◽

Risk Score ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Data Set ◽

Uptake Rates ◽

Multiethnic Population ◽

The Cost

BackgroundAn estimated 850,000 people have diabetes without knowing it and as many as 7 million more are at high risk of developing it. Within the NHS Health Checks programme, blood glucose testing can be undertaken using a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or a glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) test but the relative cost-effectiveness of these is unknown.ObjectivesTo estimate and compare the cost-effectiveness of screening for type 2 diabetes using a HbA1ctest versus a FPG test. In addition, to compare the use of a random capillary glucose (RCG) test versus a non-invasive risk score to prioritise individuals who should undertake a HbA1cor FPG test.DesignCost-effectiveness analysis using the Sheffield Type 2 Diabetes Model to model lifetime incidence of complications, costs and health benefits of screening.SettingEngland; population in the 40–74-years age range eligible for a NHS health check.Data sourcesThe Leicester Ethnic Atherosclerosis and Diabetes Risk (LEADER) data set was used to analyse prevalence and screening outcomes for a multiethnic population. Alternative prevalence rates were obtained from the literature or through personal communication.Methods(1) Modelling of screening pathways to determine the cost per case detected followed by long-term modelling of glucose progression and complications associated with hyperglycaemia; and (2) calculation of the costs and health-related quality of life arising from complications and calculation of overall cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY), net monetary benefit and the likelihood of cost-effectiveness.ResultsBased on the LEADER data set from a multiethnic population, the results indicate that screening using a HbA1ctest is more cost-effective than using a FPG. For National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)-recommended screening strategies, HbA1cleads to a cost saving of £12 and a QALY gain of 0.0220 per person when a risk score is used as a prescreen. With no prescreen, the cost saving is £30 with a QALY gain of 0.0224. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis indicates that the likelihood of HbA1cbeing more cost-effective than FPG is 98% and 95% with and without a risk score, respectively. One-way sensitivity analyses indicate that the results based on prevalence in the LEADER data set are insensitive to a variety of alternative assumptions. However, where a region of the country has a very different joint HbA1cand FPG distribution from the LEADER data set such that a FPG test yields a much higher prevalence of high-risk cases relative to HbA1c, FPG may be more cost-effective. The degree to which the FPG-based prevalence would have to be higher depends very much on the uncertain relative uptake rates of the two tests. Using a risk score such as the Leicester Practice Database Score (LPDS) appears to be more cost-effective than using a RCG test to identify individuals with the highest risk of diabetes who should undergo blood testing.LimitationsWe did not include rescreening because there was an absence of required relevant evidence.ConclusionsBased on the multiethnic LEADER population, among individuals currently attending NHS Health Checks, it is more cost-effective to screen for diabetes using a HbA1ctest than using a FPG test. However, in some localities, the prevalence of diabetes and high risk of diabetes may be higher for FPG relative to HbA1cthan in the LEADER cohort. In such cases, whether or not it still holds that HbA1cis likely to be more cost-effective than FPG depends on the relative uptake rates for HbA1cand FPG. Use of the LPDS appears to be more cost-effective than a RCG test for prescreening.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.

Download Full-text

Cycling Performance of NMC811 Anode-Free Pouch Cells with 65 Different Electrolyte Formulations

Journal of The Electrochemical Society ◽

10.1149/1945-7111/ac39e3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmed Eldesoky ◽

Alex Louli ◽

Annika Benson ◽

Jeff R Dahn

Keyword(s):

Cost Effective ◽

Cycling Performance ◽

High Energy ◽

High Energy Density ◽

Data Set ◽

Liquid Electrolytes ◽

Discharge Rates ◽

Cu Foil ◽

Marginal Improvement ◽

Effective Path

Abstract Liquid electrolytes for anode-free Li metal batteries (LMBs) provide a cost-effective path to high energy density. However, liquid electrolytes are challenging due to the reactivity of Li0 with the electrolyte and the resulting Li loss, as well as mossy Li deposits leading to inactive Li and dendrite formation. Thus, more research is needed to develop electrolytes capable of 80% capacity retention after 800 cycles to meet electric vehicle (EV) demands. Here, we report cycle life results from 65 electrolyte mixtures consisting of various additives or co-solvents added to a dual-salt base electrolyte previously reported by our group. We tested these electrolyte systems using a practical anode-free pouch cell design with a high-loading (16 mg cm-2, or 3.47 mAh cm 2) LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) cathode, with a bare Cu foil as the counter electrode. All cells in this work were cycled at 40 °C with 0.2C/0.5C charge/discharge rates between 3.55 4.40 V. Based on the total energy delivered over 140 cycles, only five electrolytes showed marginal improvement over the baseline, while the other electrolytes were uncompetitive. This data set can serve as a guide for LMB researchers investigating electrolyte systems and highlights the challenges associated with liquid electrolytes.

Download Full-text