TCP Connection Game: A Study on the Selfish Behavior of TCP Users

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honggang Zhang ◽  
D. Towsley ◽  
Weibo Gong
Keyword(s):  
Selfish Behavior ◽  
Connection Game

A Game Theoretic Approach to Thwart Selfishness Attack in MANET

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 3944-3948
Author(s):  
Prasenjit Choudhury ◽  
Anita Pal ◽  
Anjali Gupchup ◽  
Krati Budholiya ◽  
Alokparna Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Selfish Nodes ◽  
Selfish Behavior ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Game Theoretic Approach

Ad-hoc networks are attractive, since they can provide a high level of connectivity without the need of a fixed infrastructure. Nodes that are not within the same transmission range communicate through multi-hops, where intermediate nodes act as relays. Mutual cooperation of all the participating nodes is necessary for proper operation of MANET. However, nodes in MANET being battery-constrained, they tend to behave selfishly while forwarding packets. In this paper, we have investigated the security of MANET AODV routing protocol by identifying the impact of selfish nodes on it. It was observed that due to the presence of selfish nodes, packet loss in the network increases and the performance of MANET degrades significantly. Finally a game theoretic approach is used to mitigate the selfishness attack. All the nodes in MANET should cooperate among themselves to thwart the selfish behavior of attacker nodes.

Escape from the Prisoner’s Dilemma

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Adami
Keyword(s):  
Prisoner's Dilemma ◽  
Prisoner’S Dilemma ◽  
Selfish Behavior ◽  
Seminal Work

William Press and Freeman Dyson’s serendipitous and seminal work on zero determinant strategies has shined a spotlight on how to escape from the trap that is set by dangling a reward for selfish behavior.

scholarly journals A Survey on the Noncooperative Environment in Smart Nodes-Based Ad Hoc Networks: Motivations and Solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Muhammad Altaf Khan ◽  
Moustafa M. Nasralla ◽  
Muhammad Muneer Umar ◽  
Zeeshan Iqbal ◽  
Ghani Ur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Wireless Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Selfish Nodes ◽  
Selfish Behavior ◽  
Work Distribution ◽  
Hoc Networks

In ad hoc networks, the communication is usually made through multiple hops by establishing an environment of cooperation and coordination among self-operated nodes. Such nodes typically operate with a set of finite and scarce energy, processing, bandwidth, and storage resources. Due to the cooperative environment in such networks, nodes may consume additional resources by giving relaying services to other nodes. This aspect in such networks coined the situation of noncooperative behavior by some or all the nodes. Moreover, nodes sometimes do not cooperate with others due to their social likeness or their mobility. Noncooperative or selfish nodes can last for a longer time by preserving their resources for their own operations. However, such nodes can degrade the network's overall performance in terms of lower data gathering and information exchange rates, unbalanced work distribution, and higher end-to-end delays. This work surveys the main roots for motivating nodes to adapt selfish behavior and the solutions for handling such nodes. Different schemes are introduced to handle selfish nodes in wireless ad hoc networks. Various types of routing techniques have been introduced to target different types of ad hoc networks having support for keeping misbehaving or selfish nodes. The major solutions for such scenarios can be trust-, punishment-, and stimulation-based mechanisms. Some key protocols are simulated and analyzed for getting their performance metrics to compare their effectiveness.

scholarly journals RELEVANSI AJARAN ETIKA SUNDA WIWITAN DI ERA MODERNITAS: STUDI ATAS NASKAH SANGYANG SIKSAKANDANG KARESIAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Novi Nur Azizah
Keyword(s):  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
True Self ◽  
Selfish Behavior ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
Teaching Values ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Universal Values ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Local Value

Etika Sunda Wiwitan merupakan sebuah nilai lokal yang mengajarkan tentang kehidupan kepada masyarakat Sunda. Dalam naskah Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian diajarkan tentang hubungan manusia dengan manusia, manusia sebagai pribadi, dan manusia dengan masyarakatnya. Peneliti berasumsi bahwa ajaran nilai tersebut masih relevan untuk diaktualisasikan di era modern saat ini. Mengingat bahwa di era modern orang bisa menemukan jati dirinya; bisa mencari guru yang sesuai dengan keinginannya. Namun yang terjadi justru membentuk perilaku menyimpang dari ajaran dalam naskah Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian, misalnya perilaku egois, menyendiri, tidak suka bergaul, dan semacamnya. Penelitian ini mencoba mencari keterkaitan nilai ajaran dalam naskah Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian dengan budaya modern. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai ajaran dalam naskah Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian memiliki nilai universal yang bisa diterapkan dalam budaya modern, seperti nilai untuk mencari guru yang baik dalam beretika dan berilmu tinggi, bersikap saling menghormati antar manusia, dan selalu menjaga dari sikap buruk.AbstractSundanese Ethics Wiwitan is a local value that teaches Sundanese people about life. In the text Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian is taught about human relations with humans, humans as individuals, and humans with their communities. Researchers assume that the teachings of these values are still relevant to be actualized in the current modern era. Given that in the modern era one can find one's true self; can find a teacher in accordance with his wishes. But what happens is that it forms deviant behavior from the teachings in the Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian manuscript, for example selfish behavior, being alone, not sociable, and the like. This research tries to find the correlation between teaching values in the Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian manuscript with modern culture. The results of this study indicate that the teaching values in the Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian manuscript have universal values that can be applied in modern culture, such as the value of looking for good teachers in ethics and high knowledge, being respectful between people, and always guarding from bad attitudes.Keyword: Sunda Wiwitan, Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian, modernitas.

scholarly journals A scheme for stimulating message relaying cooperation

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 155014772090703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Lin ◽  
Fuquan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Private Information ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Selfish Nodes ◽  
Relay Nodes ◽  
Selfish Behavior ◽  
Estimation Scheme ◽  
Memory Power ◽  
Intermittent Connection ◽  
Store And Forward

It is expected that all the nodes try their best to store and forward the messages in the intermittent connection network. However, due to the limited resources, such as memory, power, and transient communication chance, selfish nodes may relay the messages without responsibility. Stimulating selfish to behave normally could improve network performance. However, usually, it is difficult to distinguish the selfish behavior from the inability to relaying the message. By monitoring the behavior of relay nodes that messages are forwarding through, this article proposes a scheme that relays messages according to the reputation of intermediate nodes. The proposed reputation estimation scheme combines selfish behavior and inability behavior, and reveals very little private information for the protocol practice. There is a trade-off between the threshold and the performance. Too low value may not distinguish the selfish nodes. On the contrary, some normal nodes may excluded and cannot join the relaying and processing. Simulation effectively demonstrates that the reputation affects the node’s performance, and an appropriate reputation threshold value is useful for improving the network performance.

scholarly journals An efficient cooperative message authentication based on reputation mechanism in vehicular ad hoc networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 155014771985491
Author(s):  
Yong Xie ◽  
Songsong Zhang ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Yanggui Li
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Message Authentication ◽  
Selfish Behavior ◽  
Reputation Mechanism ◽  
Single Vehicle ◽  
Detection Ratio ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular ad hoc networks have emerged as a promising approach to increasing road safety and efficiency. Vehicles periodically broadcast traffic-related status messages. Message authentication is a common way for ensuring information reliability, but it is an unaffordable computational cost for single vehicle. In this article, we propose an efficient cooperative message authentication based on reputation mechanism. In the proposed scheme, reputation model is used to assess authentication efforts of vehicles, which enhances initiative for cooperative message authentication and inhabits selfish behavior; sequence optimization algorithm solves messages overflowing on condition limited computation of onboard unit and improves the speed of message authentication at the premise of ensuring the reliability of message authentication. Simulation results show that our scheme presents a nice performance of authentication efficiency, packet loss ratio, and missing detection ratio.

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