Testing of non-toroidal shape primary pass-through current transformer for electrical machine monitoring and protection

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Platero ◽  
R. Granizo ◽  
F. Blazquez ◽  
E. Marchesi
Keyword(s):  
Current Transformer ◽  
Electrical Machine ◽  
Machine Monitoring ◽  
Pass Through

An Electrical Machine Monitoring System For The Offshore Industry

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Penman ◽  
M. Dey ◽  
J.R. Smith ◽  
W.E. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Electrical Machine ◽  
Machine Monitoring ◽  
Offshore Industry

Smart sensor for electrical machine monitoring through statistical analysis

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Cabal-Yepez ◽  
Arturo A. Fernandez-Jaramillo ◽  
Rene J. Romero-Troncoso ◽  
Arturo Garcia-Perez ◽  
Roque A. Osornio-Rios
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Electrical Machine ◽  
Smart Sensor ◽  
Machine Monitoring

scholarly journals Experimental researches in electricity.―Fourth Series

1837 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 198-199
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Electrical Machine ◽  
Lead Glass ◽  
General Law ◽  
General Proposition ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Fourth Series ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The One

The author, while prosecuting his researches on electro-chemical decomposition, observed some phenomena which appeared to be referable to a general law of electric conduction not hitherto recognised. He found that an electric current from a voltaic battery, which is readily conducted by water, did not pass through ice : even the thinnest film of ice, interposed in the circuit, was sufficient to intercept all electric influence of such low intensities as that produced by the voltaic apparatus, although it allows of the transmission of electricity of such high intensity as that excited by the common electrical machine. The author ascertained that a great number of other substances, which are solid at ordinary temperatures, do not conduct the electric current from the voltaic battery until they are liquefied. Among these are potassa, protoxide of lead, glass of antimony, and oxide of bismuth; various chlorides, iodides, and sulphurets; and also many of the ordinary neutral salts with alkaline bases. In almost every instance the bodies subjected to this law are decomposable by electricity; and their decomposition can be effected only when they are in a fluid state, and while they are conductors of electricity. The author inquires how far these two properties are connected together, or dependent the one upon the other; but finds that several exceptions occur to any general proposition that he attempted to establish on this subject. The general conclusions to which he is led from the experiments detailed in this paper are the following:— First, that all bodies conduct electricity in the same manner, but in very different degrees;— Secondly, that in some the conducting power is powerfully increased by heat, in others diminished, and this without any difference that has yet been discovered, either in the general nature of the substance, or of the influence of electricity upon it;—Thirdly, that there is a numerous class of bodies which, when solid, insulate electricity, and, when fluid, conduct it freely, and are decomposed by it; yet that there are many fluid bodies which do not sensibly conduct electricity of low intensity; and some that conduct it, and are not decomposed;—and, Lastly, that fluidity is not essential to decomposition. Sulphuret of silver is the only body yet known to be capable of insulating a voltaic current when solid, and of conducting it, without decomposition, when fluid. No distinction can as yet be drawn between the conducting powers of bodies supposed to be elementary and those known to be compounds.

scholarly journals Machine Monitoring System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S) ◽  
pp. 130-133
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Current Transformer ◽  
Machine Monitoring ◽  
The Status

At present, it is hard to maintain and monitor the machine tool in industry. This paper proposed one kind of machine monitoring system using current transformer and RTC. In this scheme, C.T, P.T, ZCD continuously monitor the machine and give the status to the arduino. The arduino intimates the GSM to send the message to the owner/manager whenever the non-working timing is exceed the certain limit

scholarly journals An experimental inquiry into the relative merits of mag­netic electrical machines and voltaic batteries, as implements of philosophical research

1837 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 412-413
Keyword(s):  
Copper Wire ◽  
Electrical Machines ◽  
Electrical Machine ◽  
Single Wire ◽  
Electrical Currents ◽  
Original Length ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
The Common ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The One

The first part of this paper is occupied by a description of two forms of constructing the magnetic electrical machine, which the author has adopted ; and the second, with the particulars of some experiments made with a view to determine the respective powers of these machines as compared with the common voltaic battery. In the first form of the instrument, a reel, round the periphery of which 200 feet of copper wire, one 20th of an inch in diameter and covered with stout sewing-silk, are coiled, is made to revolve on a spindle, placed in the axis of a system of horse-shoe magnets, so as to remain within the branches of the latter during its whole revolu­tion. The electric currents produced in the copper wire by mag­netic induction, while the coil is moved at right angles to the plane of the magnets, are conducted by means of four semicircular metallic flanges attached to the spindle, into cisterns of mercury, the one being positive, and the other negative; and which consequently act as the two poles of the battery. In the second form of the ap­paratus, a piece of soft iron, of which the ends are bent into the shape of two arms, and which is surrounded with a coil of 300 feet of copper wire, is made to revolve in front of the poles of a horse­ shoe magnet; its axis of motion coinciding with that of the magnet; and the electrical currents determined in the wire by this rotation, being collected in the same manner as in the former instrument. The author next details several series of experiments which he made for the purpose of ascertaining the relation observable between different velocities of rotation in these instruments and the corresponding effects: first, with regard to the deflection of a mag­netic galvanometer ; secondly, with regard to chemical decompo­sitions; thirdly, with regard to the production of sparks; and lastly, with regard to the intensity of the shock communicated to the hu­man body. He compares the effects produced by the magnetic electrical battery, first, when the coil consisted of one continuous length of wire ; secondly, when the coil was doubled upon itself so as to constitute two sets of conductors of half the length of the former ; thirdly, when, upon being again doubled, it composed four conductors of one quarter of the length of the first; and lastly, when, on being doubled a third time, the electric current was made to pass through eight wires, each one eighth of the original length of the single wire. It was found that by thus multiplying the channels of conduction, although both the magnetic and the luminous effects continue to be produced with scarcely any sensible difference of intensity, the power of effecting chemical decompositions becomes more and more impaired, and the physiological influence is weak­ened in a still more remarkable degree. In the four-stranded coil, in­ deed, no shock whatever could be produced, however rapidly the in­strument was made to revolve. The author endeavours to account for these variations of effect by the diminution of velocity in the elec­tric current, its quantity remaining unaltered, consequent on its division into several streams by the multiplied channels offered to its progress. He also tried the effects of conjoining the magnetic electrical machine with ordinary voltaic combinations; sometimes acting in cooperation, and at other times in opposition to one an­ other; and notices the corresponding results, which were sufficiently accordant with theory.

Instrumentation for detecting channelling radiation in the high-voltage electron microscope

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 318-319
Author(s):  
J. H. Butler ◽  
C. J. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Incident Beam ◽  
Laboratory Frame ◽  
Relativistic Electrons ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Dipole Emission ◽  
Sinusoidal Oscillations ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Incident Beam Energy ◽  
Increasing Function

Electromagnetic radiation is emitted when fast (relativistic) electrons pass through crystal targets which are oriented in a preferential (channelling) direction with respect to the incident beam. In the classical sense, the electrons perform sinusoidal oscillations as they propagate through the crystal (as illustrated in Fig. 1 for the case of planar channelling). When viewed in the electron rest frame, this motion, a result of successive Bragg reflections, gives rise to familiar dipole emission. In the laboratory frame, the radiation is seen to be of a higher energy (because of the Doppler shift) and is also compressed into a narrower cone of emission (due to the relativistic “searchlight” effect). The energy and yield of this monochromatic light is a continuously increasing function of the incident beam energy and, for beam energies of 1 MeV and higher, it occurs in the x-ray and γ-ray regions of the spectrum. Consequently, much interest has been expressed in regard to the use of this phenomenon as the basis for fabricating a coherent, tunable radiation source.

Radiation Damage, Contrast and Statistics in High Resolution Biological Electron Microscopy

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 260-261
Author(s):  
Robert M. Glaeser
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Particle Flux ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Resolution Image ◽  
High Resolution Image ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Counting Statistics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Picture Element

It is well known that a large flux of electrons must pass through a specimen in order to obtain a high resolution image while a smaller particle flux is satisfactory for a low resolution image. The minimum particle flux that is required depends upon the contrast in the image and the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio at which the data are considered acceptable. For a given S/N associated with statistical fluxtuations, the relationship between contrast and “counting statistics” is s131_eqn1, where C = contrast; r2 is the area of a picture element corresponding to the resolution, r; N is the number of electrons incident per unit area of the specimen; f is the fraction of electrons that contribute to formation of the image, relative to the total number of electrons incident upon the object.

A New High Intensity Grid Cap for RCA-EMU-3 Electron Microscopes

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 316-317
Author(s):  
George Christov ◽  
Bolivar J. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Tungsten Filament ◽  
Fluorescent Screen ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Ground Potential

A new high intensity grid cap has been designed for the RCA-EMU-3 electron microscope. Various parameters of the new grid cap were investigated to determine its characteristics. The increase in illumination produced provides ease of focusing on the fluorescent screen at magnifications from 1500 to 50,000 times using an accelerating voltage of 50 KV.The EMU-3 type electron gun assembly consists of a V-shaped tungsten filament for a cathode with a thin metal threaded cathode shield and an anode with a central aperture to permit the beam to course the length of the column. The cathode shield is negatively biased at a potential of several hundred volts with respect to the filament. The electron beam is formed by electrons emitted from the tip of the filament which pass through an aperture of 0.1 inch diameter in the cap and then it is accelerated by the negative high voltage through a 0.625 inch diameter aperture in the anode which is at ground potential.

Immunocytochemical localization of p65 with one-nanometer gold particles following silver development

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 1042-1043
Author(s):  
Richard W. Burry ◽  
Diane M. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Immunocytochemical Localization ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Gold Particles ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Label Distribution ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

Electron microscopic (EM) immunocytochemistry localization of the neuron specific protein p65 could show which organelles contain this antigen. Antibodies (Ab) labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) followed by chromogen development show a broad diffuse label distribution within cells and restricting identification of organelles. Particulate label (e.g. 10 nm colloidal gold) is highly desirable but not practical because penetration into cells requires destroying the plasma membrane. We report pre-embedding immunocytochemistry with a particulate marker, 1 nm gold, that will pass through membranes treated with saponin, a mild detergent.Cell cultures of the rat cerebellum were fixed in buffered 4% paraformaldehyde and 0.1% glutaraldehyde (Glut.). The buffer for all incubations and rinses was phosphate buffered saline with: 1% calf serum, 0.2% saponin, 0.1% gelatin, 50 mM glycine 1 mg/ml bovine serum albumin, and (not in the HRP labeled cultures) 0.02% sodium azide. The monoclonal #48 to p65 was used with three label systems: HRP, 1 nm avidin gold with IntenSE M development, and 1 nm avidin gold with Danscher development.

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