Touching Character Separation in Chinese Handwriting Using Visibility-Based Foreground Analysis

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Xu ◽  
Fei Yin ◽  
Qiu-Feng Wang ◽  
Cheng-Lin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Foreground Analysis

scholarly journals Fingerprint of Galactic Loop I on polarized microwave foregrounds

2018 ◽  
Vol 617 ◽  
pp. A90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Supernova Explosion ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Local Bubble ◽  
Galactic Emission ◽  
Primordial Gravitational Waves ◽  
Polarized Emission ◽  
Supernova Explosions ◽  
Foreground Analysis ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Context. Currently, detection of the primordial gravitational waves using the B-mode of cosmic microwave background (CMB) is primarily limited by our knowledge of the polarized microwave foreground emissions. Improvements of the foreground analysis are therefore necessary. As we revealed in an earlier paper, the E-mode and B-mode of the polarized foreground have noticeably different properties, both in morphology and frequency spectrum, suggesting that they arise from different physicalprocesses, and need to be studied separately. Aims. I study the polarized emission from Galactic loops, especially Loop I, and mainly focus on the following questions: Does the polarized loop emission contribute predominantly to the E-mode or B-mode? In which frequency bands and in which sky regions can the polarized loop emission be identified? Methods. Based on a well known result concerning the magnetic field alignment in supernova explosions, a theoretical expectation is established that the loop polarizations should be predominantly E-mode. In particular, the expected polarization angles of Loop I are compared with those from the real microwave band data of WMAP and Planck. Results and conclusions. The comparison between model and data shows remarkable consistency between the data and our expectations at all bands and for a large area of the sky. This result suggests that the polarized emission of Galactic Loop I is a major polarized component in all microwave bands from 23 to 353 GHz, and a considerable part of the polarized foreground likely originates from a local bubble associated with Loop I, instead of the far more distant Galactic emission. This result also provides a possible way to explain the E-to-B excess problem by contribution of the loops. Finally, this work may also provide the first geometrical evidence that the Earth was hit by a supernova explosion.

scholarly journals Limits on Polarized Dust Spectral Index Variations for CMB Foreground Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 921 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Keisuke Osumi ◽  
Janet L. Weiland ◽  
Graeme E. Addison ◽  
Charles L. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Index ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Polarization Data ◽  
Planck Data ◽  
Parameter Recovery ◽  
Fitting Method ◽  
Low Latitudes ◽  
Foreground Analysis ◽  
Template Fitting

Abstract Using Planck polarization data, we search for and constrain spatial variations of the polarized dust foreground for cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations, specifically in its spectral index, β d . Failure to account for such variations will cause errors in the foreground cleaning that propagate into errors on cosmological parameter recovery from the cleaned CMB map. It is unclear how robust prior studies of the Planck data that constrained β d variations are due to challenges with noise modeling, residual systematics, and priors. To clarify constraints on β d and its variation, we employ two pixel space analyses of the polarized dust foreground at >3.°7 scales on ≈60% of the sky at high Galactic latitudes. A template fitting method, which measures β d over three regions of ≈20% of the sky, does not find significant deviations from a uniform β d = 1.55, consistent with prior Planck determinations. An additional analysis in these regions, based on multifrequency fits to a dust and CMB model per pixel, puts limits on σ β d , the Gaussian spatial variation in β d . The data support σ β d up to 0.45 at the highest latitudes, 0.30 at midlatitudes, and 0.15 at low latitudes. We also demonstrate that care must be taken when interpreting the current Planck constraints, β d maps, and noise simulations. Due to residual systematics and low dust signal-to-noise ratios at high latitudes, forecasts for ongoing and future missions should include the possibility of large values of σ β d as estimated in this paper, based on current polarization data.

FOREGROUND ANALYSIS FROM THE 1-YEAR WILKINSON MICROWAVE ANISOTROPY PROBE (WMAP) DATA

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (07) ◽  
pp. 1273-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAVEL D. NASELSKY ◽  
LUNG-YIH CHIANG ◽  
IGOR D. NOVIKOV ◽  
OLEG V. VERKHODANOV
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Dust Emission ◽  
Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe ◽  
Spectral Indices ◽  
Frequency Independent ◽  
Invariant Part ◽  
Foreground Analysis ◽  
Wmap Data ◽  
Common Signal

We present a detailed analysis on the phases of the WMAP foregrounds (synchrotron, free–free and dust emission) of the WMAP K–W bands in order to estimate the significance of the variation of the spectral indices at different components. We first extract the spectral-index varying signals by assuming that the invariant part among different frequency bands have 100% cross-correlation of phases. We then use the minimization of variance, which is normally used for extracting the CMB signals, to extract the frequency independent signals. Such a common signal in each foreground component could play a significant role for any kind of component separation methods, because the methods cannot discriminate frequency independent foregrounds and CMB.

scholarly journals Molecular Analysis and Phenotypic Performances of BC3F2 Upland Rice Lines Containing Alt and Pup1 Loci

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rauful Mizan ◽  
Desta Wirnas ◽  
NFN Tasliah ◽  
Nurul Hidayatun ◽  
Joko Prasetiyono, S.P., M.Si.
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Al Toxicity ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Foreground Analysis ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Marker Assisted Backcrossing

<p>The challenges in upland rice cultivation are phosphorous (P) deficiency and aluminum (Al) toxicity, each controlled by Pup1 and Alt loci, respectively. Pyramiding the two genes into Indonesian rice varieties were previously done through Marker-Assisted Backcrossing method to obtain BC3F2 populations. The aims of this study were to analyze the BC3F2 upland rice lines containing the Alt and Pup1 loci molecularly (foreground and background analyses) and to test their phenotypic performances. Genetic materials tested included Dupa variety (donor of Alt) and three improved Indonesian genotypes (Dodokan-Pup1, Situ Bagendit-Pup1, and Batur-Pup1) as recurrent parents, Kasalath (donor of Pup1), and 300 BC3F2 lines from Dodokan-Pup1+Alt, Situ Bagendit-Pup1+Alt, and Batur-Pup1+Alt, respectively. The rice genotypes were selected individually using modified Yoshida nutrient solution, followed by foreground and background analyses. 150 out of 300 seedlings were selected and maintained until harvest in the greenhouse. Foreground analysis using markers (RM1361, RM12031, and Kas46-2) and tiller number performances resulted in 18 plants from BC3F2 Dodokan-Pup1+Alt, 30 plants from BC3F2 Situ Bagendit-Pup1+Alt, and 25 plants from BC3F2 Batur-Pup1+Alt still carrying Alt and Pup1 loci. Background analysis using molecular markers showed that the best individual lines of BC3F2 were number 56 for BC3F2 Dodokan-Pup1+Alt, number 32 or 70 for BC3F2 Situ Bagendit-Pup1+Alt, and number 20 for BC3F2 Batur-Pup1+Alt. The selected lines having both both Alt and Pup1 loci in homozygote condition with highest number of tiller per plant which are useful genetic materials for developing upland rice variety tolerance to low P and Al toxicity.</p>

Bayesian foreground analysis with CMB data

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 861-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.K. Eriksen ◽  
C. Dickinson ◽  
C.R. Lawrence ◽  
C. Baccigalupi ◽  
A.J. Banday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreground Analysis

scholarly journals A fast method for power spectrum and foreground analysis for 21 cm cosmology

2013 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua S. Dillon ◽  
Adrian Liu ◽  
Max Tegmark
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Fast Method ◽  
Foreground Analysis

Robust and efficient foreground analysis in complex surveillance videos

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 967-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
YingLi Tian ◽  
Andrew Senior ◽  
Max Lu
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance Videos ◽  
Foreground Analysis
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