scholarly journals Analytical thermal placement for VLSI lifetime improvement and minimum performance variation

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Kahng ◽  
Sung-Mo Kang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Bao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Performance Variation ◽  
Minimum Performance

scholarly journals A Generalized Approach for Sensitive Analysis of Four- Bar Mechanism and Identifying Sensitive Link/s Tolerances Using Relative Velocity Method

2011 ◽  
pp. 90-92
Author(s):  
P. S. Thakare ◽  
Dr. C. C. Handa
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Thermal Deformation ◽  
Velocity Ratio ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
Performance Variation ◽  
Manufacturing Errors ◽  
Manufacturing Tolerances ◽  
Minimum Performance ◽  
The Ideal

The performance of a mechanism is defined as ratio of difference between calculated angular velocity ratio and ideal angular velocity ratio to the ideal angular velocity ratio. The angular velocity ratio can be calculated from velocity diagram. The paper uses a crank – rocker mechanism, a type of simple four bar mechanism in which crank rotates 3600 and rocker oscillates. In the presence of manufacturing errors like manufacturing tolerances, thermal deformation, deflection of links, human errors, machine defects, etc., it is impossible to maintain a constant performance of the mechanism in bulk manufacturing. There will be slight variation in the performance due to variation in one or more links. Any manufacturing process is associated with dimensional tolerances that leads to variation in part dimensions and generally cost of manufacturing increases exponentially for closer tolerances to all links of the mechanism. The aim of the paper is to discuss an approach to determine maximum and minimum performance variation and identify links which causes maximum performance variation. The closer tolerances should be given to that link/s only which will permit to designer to give slightly loose tolerances on remaining links.

scholarly journals The Diamond League athletic series: does the air quality sparkle?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Hodgson ◽  
Lee Chapman ◽  
Francis D. Pope
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Urban Air Pollution ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Performance Variation ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Respiratory Conditions ◽  
Race Performance

AbstractUrban air pollution can have negative short- and long-term impacts on health, including cardiovascular, neurological, immune system and developmental damage. The irritant qualities of pollutants such as ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM) can cause respiratory and cardiovascular distress, which can be heightened during physical activity and particularly so for those with respiratory conditions such as asthma. Previously, research has only examined marathon run outcomes or running under laboratory settings. This study focuses on elite 5-km athletes performing in international events at nine locations. Local meteorological and air quality data are used in conjunction with race performance metrics from the Diamond League Athletics series to determine the extent to which elite competitors are influenced during maximal sustained efforts in real-world conditions. The findings from this study suggest that local meteorological variables (temperature, wind speed and relative humidity) and air quality (ozone and particulate matter) have an impact on athletic performance. Variation between finishing times at different race locations can also be explained by the local meteorology and air quality conditions seen during races.

scholarly journals Research of the Photo-Optical Method Application for Measuring Selected Data on the Movement of a Parachute for Type M-282

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5637
Author(s):  
Peter Kaľavský ◽  
Róbert Rozenberg ◽  
Peter Korba ◽  
Martin Kelemen ◽  
Matej Antoško ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Method ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Performance Standard ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Vertical Speed ◽  
Individualized Training ◽  
Minimum Performance

Testing in the field of parachute technology provides space for the application of new and innovative methods of measuring operating and functional parameters. The main aim of the paper is to present the results of research for the verification of the photo-optical method of measuring the vertical speed of the M-282 parachutes, and for its use in testing, collecting, and investigating motion data in parachuting. As part of this measuring technology, twelve jumps were performed. It was verified that the experiment was completed for the M-282 parachute according to the regulation of SAE AS 8015B “Minimum Performance Standard Parachute Assemblies and Components”. An analysis of the influencing factors and quantification of their influence on the uncertainty of the measurement results was also performed. The results of the measurement achieved by using the photo-optical method were compared with the measurement with the electronic variometer FLYTEC 4030. The vertical speed of the M-282 parachute (4.655 m·s−1) defined by the photo-optical method is significantly similar to the vertical speed of the M-282 parachute (4.662 m·s−1) defined by FLYTEC 4030. We can state that the process of identifying the vertical speed of the parachute by the photo-optical method was correct. This is a suitable method of evaluating motion data in the operation of M-282 type parachutes. In the following research for generalization of the methodology, we assume the performance of more than 60 experimental jumps using different types of parachutes, digital sensors (cameras), and a photo-optical method to examine motion data and formulate recommendations for testing, investigative applications, individualized training programs, and aspects of parachuting injury prevention.

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