Cycle Identification and Artifact Detection in Tidal Breathing Signals

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuojun Wang ◽  
Yanwu Ding ◽  
Douglas F. Parham ◽  
Kanghee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Artifact Detection

Convective exchange between the nose and the atmosphere

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 2575-2581 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Haselton ◽  
P. G. Sperandio
Keyword(s):  
Oscillatory Flow ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Ambient Atmosphere ◽  
Tidal Exchange ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Oscillating Flows ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Convective Exchange ◽  
Upper Respiratory

It is generally accepted that there is little rebreathing of gas exhaled through the nose. A detailed physical model system has been used to quantify and identify the mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon. By the use of a cast of the upper respiratory tract and oscillating flows with a Reynolds number of 500 and nondimensional frequency of 1.6, corresponding to quiet tidal breathing through the nose, dye dilution measurements indicated an efficiency of tidal exchange of 0.95. Flow visualization studies performed to trace the expiratory flow, as well as the streamlines during steady inspiratory flow, support the hypothesis that the high efficiency of exchange is due to radical differences in the velocity fields between inspiratory and expiratory phases of this oscillatory flow. These findings confirm that convective gas exchange between the nose and the atmosphere is highly efficient; however, the underlying mechanism responsible for this exchange also maximizes the exposure of the respiratory system to aerosols contained in the ambient atmosphere.

Development and maintenance of force and stiffness in airway smooth muscle

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Lan ◽  
Brandon A. Norris ◽  
Jeffrey C.-Y. Liu ◽  
Peter D. Paré ◽  
Chun Y. Seow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Airway Smooth Muscle ◽  
Deep Inspiration ◽  
Contractile Apparatus ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Actomyosin Interaction ◽  
Filament Network

Airway smooth muscle (ASM) plays a central role in the excessive narrowing of the airway that characterizes the primary functional impairment in asthma. This phenomenon is known as airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR). Emerging evidence suggests that the development and maintenance of ASM force involves dynamic reorganization of the subcellular filament network in both the cytoskeleton and the contractile apparatus. In this review, evidence is presented to support the view that regulation of ASM contraction extends beyond the classical actomyosin interaction and involves processes within the cytoskeleton and at the interfaces between the cytoskeleton, the contractile apparatus, and the extracellular matrix. These processes are initiated when the muscle is activated, and collectively they cause the cytoskeleton and the contractile apparatus to undergo structural transformation, resulting in a more connected and solid state that allows force generated by the contractile apparatus to be transmitted to the extracellular domain. Solidification of the cytoskeleton also serves to stiffen the muscle and hence the airway. Oscillatory strain from tidal breathing and deep inspiration is believed to be the counter balance that prevents hypercontraction and stiffening of ASM in vivo. Dysregulation of this balance could lead to AHR seen in asthma.

Tidal breathing FeNO measurements: A new algorithm

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther van Mastrigt ◽  
Ruben C.A. de Groot ◽  
Hans W. van Kesteren ◽  
Anton T.J. Vink ◽  
Johan C. de Jongste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Breathing

scholarly journals Respiratory Measurement Utilizing a Novel Laser Displacement Technique: Normal Tidal Breathing

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Hargrove ◽  
Eric D. Zemper ◽  
Mary L. Jannausch
Keyword(s):  
Control Volume ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Laser Sensor ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Displacement Sensors ◽  
Respiratory Inductive Plethysmography ◽  
Volume Measurements ◽  
Inductive Plethysmography

Abstract A novel technique for achieving plethysmography measurements utilizing noncontact laser displacement sensors is described. This method may have utility in measuring respiratory and pulmonary function similar to that of respiratory inductive plethysmography. The authors describe the apparatus and method and provide results of a validation study comparing respiratory excursion data obtained by (1) the laser sensor technique, (2) standard respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP), and (3) lung volume measurements determined by pressure variations in a control volume. Six healthy volunteers (five female, one male, ages ranging from 19 to 23 years) were measured for tidal breathing excursions simultaneously via all three measurement techniques. Results: Excellent correlation between the techniques was shown. Pairwise comparisons among all three measurement techniques across all subjects showed intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.995 in each case. These results indicate the laser plethysmograph (LP) system provides results that are, at a minimum, equivalent to those of the RIP at the two sites commonly measured by RIP. Use of the LP system has the potential to provide much more extensive and precise measurements of chest wall function and the respiratory musculature.

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