WSN11-4: A Cross Layer Design of IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Protocol

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mishra ◽  
P. Papadimitratos
Keyword(s):  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
Cross Layer Design

scholarly journals Patient Data Prioritization in the Cross-Layer Designs of Wireless Body Area Network

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fasee Ullah ◽  
Abdul Hanan Abdullah ◽  
Muhammad Qasim Jan ◽  
Kashif Naseer Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Patient Data ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
Cross Layer Design ◽  
Ieee 802.15.6 ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area

In Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN), various biomedical sensors (BMSs) are deployed to monitor various vital signs of a patient for detecting the abnormality of the vital signs. These BMSs inform the medical staff in advance before the patient’s life goes into a threatening situation. In WBAN, routing layer has the same challenges as generally seen in WSN, but the unique requirements of WBANs need to be addressed by the novel routing mechanisms quite differently from the routing mechanism in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The slots allocation to emergency and nonemergency patient’s data is one of the challenging issues in IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.15.6 MAC Superframe structures. In the similar way, IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.15.6 PHY layers have also unique constraints to modulate the various vital signs of patient data into continuous and discrete forms. Numerous research contributions have been made for addressing these issues of the aforementioned three layers in WBAN. Therefore, this paper presents a cross-layer design structure of WBAN with various issues and challenges. Moreover, it also presents a detail review of the existing cross-layer protocols in the WBAN domain by discussing their strengths and weaknesses.

Design and Evaluation of a Cross-Layer Framework for Improving 802.11 Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-27
Author(s):  
Nurul I. Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Packet Delay ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
Cross Layer Design ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Packet Dropping ◽  
802.11 Networks ◽  
Layer Medium ◽  
Channel Information

This paper reports on the design and evaluation of a class of cross-layer design (CLD) framework for improving the performance of 802.11-based wireless local area networks (WLANs). While various CLD approaches have been proposed for improving the performance of WLANs in recent years, the problem of efficient channel utilization, higher throughput, lower packet delay, and fairness has not been fully solved yet. To overcome the performance problems of 802.11, we propose a CLD framework which is based on a cross-layer medium access control (MAC) protocol called the channel-aware buffer unit multiple access (C-BUMA). In the framework, the radio propagation (i.e. physical layer) is combined with the MAC sub-layer to develop a robust cross-layer communication. By sharing channel information with the MAC protocol, the approach reduced unnecessary packet transmissions, and hence reduced bandwidth wastage and significantly improved the system performance. The proposed CLD method is evaluated by extensive simulation experiments. A comparison with 802.11 standards is provided. Results obtained show that the network achieves up to 13.5% higher throughput, 56% lower packet delay, 40% better fairness, and 38% lower packet dropping with the proposed CLD. We also found that the proposed CLD outperforms Pham’s CLD with respect to network throughput and packet dropping. The analysis and empirical results reported in this paper provide some insights into the design and evaluation of a CLD framework for improving data rate of 802.11 networks which may help researchers in this field to overcome the remaining design issues and challenges.

scholarly journals Energy Efficient MAC Protocol for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network using Cross-Layer Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1019-1026
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Sleep Mode ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
Cross Layer Design ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network

Over the last decade, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has gained considerable attention in various real-time applications. Since WSN works with battery operated nodes, utilization and optimization of node energy is one the primary challenge. For effectively handling and controlling the energy consumption problem in WSN, cross-layer optimization is one of the important methods. For a researcher working in the domain of WSN, energy constraint is a huge challenge to deal with. MAC layer is one of the major source of energy consumption so, an innovative energy efficient MAC protocol using a cross-layer approach in the heterogeneous wireless sensor network is proposed. In this protocol, first, packet retransmission by reducing packet loss is addressed by considering buffer space, channel state and remaining energy. Second, the synchronization scheme for a global schedule is implemented by deliberating adaptive listening using the length of the transmission queue. Finally, sleep time issue is worked out to reduce energy consumption. In this scenario, the nodes will be in sleep mode unless it has some packets to send or receive. The proposed protocol is implemented in Network Simulation (NS2). The simulation results show that the heterogeneous wireless network performs better in terms of energy consumption, packet data rate and energy buffer state while implementing through the proposed protocol.

scholarly journals A Novel Self-Forming Virtual Sub-Nets Based Cross-Layer MAC Protocol for Multihop Tactical Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2470
Author(s):  
Rukaiya Rukaiya ◽  
Shoab Ahmed Khan ◽  
Muhammad Umar Farooq ◽  
Farhan Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Access ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Network Throughput ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
Cross Layer Design ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Cross Layer Optimization ◽  
Mission Critical

A tactical network mainly consists of software-defined radios (SDRs) integrated with programmable and reconfigurable features that provide the addition and customization of different waveforms for different scenarios, e.g., situational awareness, video, or voice transmission. The network, which is mission-critical, congested, and delay-sensitive, operates in infrastructure-less terrains with self-forming and self-healing capabilities. It demands reliability and the need to survive by seamlessly maintaining continuous network connectivity during mobility and link failures. SDR platforms transfer large amounts of data that must be processed with low latency transmissions. The state-of-the-art solutions lack the capability to provide high data throughput and incorporate overhead in route discovery and resource distribution that is not appropriate for resource-constrained mission-critical networks. A cross-layer design exploits existing resources to react to environment changes efficiently, enable reliability, and escalate network throughput. A solution that integrates SDR benefits and cross-layer optimization can perform all the mentioned operations efficiently. In tactical networks, SDR’s maximum usable bandwidth can be utilized by exploiting radios’ autonomous behavior. This paper presents a novel virtual sub-nets based cross-layer medium access control (VSCL-MAC) protocol for self-forming multihop tactical radio networks. It is a MAC-centric design with cross-layer optimization that enables dynamic routing and autonomous time-slot scheduling in a multichannel network environment among SDRs. The cross-layer coupling uses link-layer information from the hybrid of time division multiple access and frequency division multiple access (TDMA/FDMA) MAC to proactively enable distributed intelligent routing at the network layer. The virtual sub-nets based distributed algorithm exploits spectrum resources and provides call setup with persistently available k-hop route information and simultaneous collision-free transmission of voice and data. The experimental results over extensive simulations show significant performance improvements in terms of minimum control overhead, processing time in relay nodes, a substantial increase in network throughput, and lower data latency (up to 76.98%) compared to conventional time-slotted MAC protocols. The design is useful for mission-critical, time-sensitive networks and exploits multihop simultaneous communication in a distributed manner.

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