Remote handling test and full-scale equipment development for ITER blanket maintenance

Development of Blanket Remote Maintenance System

Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics ◽

10.20965/jrm.1998.p0078 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 78-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Satoshi Kakudate ◽

◽

Masataka Nakahira ◽

Kiyoshi Oka ◽

Kou Taguchi

Keyword(s):

Gamma Radiation ◽

Full Scale ◽

Positioning Accuracy ◽

Home Team ◽

Remote Handling ◽

Maintenance System ◽

Remote Maintenance ◽

Critical Technology ◽

Blanket Maintenance

ITER in-vessel components such as blankets are scheduled maintenance components, including complete shield blanket replacement for breeding blankets. In-vessel components are activated by 14 MeV neutrons, so blanket maintenance requires remote handling equipment and tools able to handle heavy payloads of about 4 tons within a positioning accuracy of 2 mm under intense gamma radiation. To facilitate remote maintenance, blankets are segmented into 730 modules and railmounted vehicle remote maintenance was developed. According to the ITER R&D program, critical technology related to blanket maintenance was developed extensively through joint efforts of the Japan, EU, and U.S. home teams. This paper summarizes current blanket maintenance technology conducted by the Japan Home Team, including development of full-scale remote handling equipment and tools for blanket maintenance.

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Measurement and Control System for ITER Remote Maintenance Equipment

Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics ◽

10.20965/jrm.1998.p0139 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 139-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kiyoshi Oka ◽

◽

Satoshi Kakudate ◽

Nobukazu Takeda ◽

Yuji Takiguchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Control System ◽

Full Scale ◽

Dead Weight ◽

Measurement And Control System ◽

Home Team ◽

Remote Handling ◽

Remote Maintenance ◽

Blanket Maintenance ◽

And Control ◽

Measurement And Control

ITER in-vessel components such as blankets and divertors are categorized as scheduled maintenance components because they are subjected to severe plasma heat and particle loads. Blanket maintenance requires remote handling equipment and tools able to handle Heavy payloads of about 4 tons within a 2mm precision tolerance. divertor maintenance requires remote replacement of 60 cassettes with a dead weight of about 25 tons each. In the ITER R&D program, full-scale remote handling equipment for blanket and divertor maintenance has been designed and assembled for demonstration tests. This paper reviews the measurement and control system developed for full-scale remote handling equipment, the Japan Home Team contribution.

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Remote Maintenance Development for ITER

Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics ◽

10.20965/jrm.1998.p0071 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 71-77

Author(s):

Eisuke Tada ◽

◽

Kiyoshi Shibanuma

Keyword(s):

Reactor Design ◽

Full Scale ◽

Design Concept ◽

Design Concepts ◽

Remote Handling ◽

Remote Maintenance ◽

Radiation Hard

This paper describes the overall ITER remote maintenance design concept developed mainly for in-vessel components such as diverters and blankets, and outlines the ITER R&D program to develop remote handling equipment and radiation hard components. Reactor structures inside the ITER cryostat must be maintained remotely due to DT operation, making remote handling technology basic to reactor design. The overall maintenance scenario and design concepts have been developed, and maintenance design feasibility, including fabrication and testing of full-scale in-vessel remote maintenance handling equipment and tool, is being verified.

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Relation of Statistically Significant, Abnormal, and Typical WAIS-R VIQ-PIQ Discrepancies to Full Scale IQs

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027//1015-5759.16.2.107 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 107-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Louis M. Hsu ◽

Judy Hayman ◽

Judith Koch ◽

Debbie Mandell

Keyword(s):

Graphical Method ◽

The United States ◽

Full Scale ◽

True Score ◽

Absolute Value ◽

Normative Population ◽

The Us ◽

The Mean ◽

And Performance ◽

Quadratic Models

Summary: In the United States' normative population for the WAIS-R, differences (Ds) between persons' verbal and performance IQs (VIQs and PIQs) tend to increase with an increase in full scale IQs (FSIQs). This suggests that norm-referenced interpretations of Ds should take FSIQs into account. Two new graphs are presented to facilitate this type of interpretation. One of these graphs estimates the mean of absolute values of D (called typical D) at each FSIQ level of the US normative population. The other graph estimates the absolute value of D that is exceeded only 5% of the time (called abnormal D) at each FSIQ level of this population. A graph for the identification of conventional “statistically significant Ds” (also called “reliable Ds”) is also presented. A reliable D is defined in the context of classical true score theory as an absolute D that is unlikely (p < .05) to be exceeded by a person whose true VIQ and PIQ are equal. As conventionally defined reliable Ds do not depend on the FSIQ. The graphs of typical and abnormal Ds are based on quadratic models of the relation of sizes of Ds to FSIQs. These models are generalizations of models described in Hsu (1996) . The new graphical method of identifying Abnormal Ds is compared to the conventional Payne-Jones method of identifying these Ds. Implications of the three juxtaposed graphs for the interpretation of VIQ-PIQ differences are discussed.

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A Modification of the Payne-Jones Method of Identifying Abnormal Differences in WISC-R Performance and Verbal IQ's

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759.12.1.27 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 27-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Louis M. Hsu

Keyword(s):

Full Scale ◽

True Score ◽

Verbal Iq ◽

Score Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

And Performance

The difference (D) between a person's Verbal IQ (VIQ) and Performance IQ (PIQ) has for some time been considered clinically meaningful ( Kaufman, 1976 , 1979 ; Matarazzo, 1990 , 1991 ; Matarazzo & Herman, 1985 ; Sattler, 1982 ; Wechsler, 1984 ). Particularly useful is information about the degree to which a difference (D) between scores is “abnormal” (i.e., deviant in a standardization group) as opposed to simply “reliable” (i.e., indicative of a true score difference) ( Mittenberg, Thompson, & Schwartz, 1991 ; Silverstein, 1981 ; Payne & Jones, 1957 ). Payne and Jones (1957) proposed a formula to identify “abnormal” differences, which has been used extensively in the literature, and which has generally yielded good approximations to empirically determined “abnormal” differences ( Silverstein, 1985 ; Matarazzo & Herman, 1985 ). However applications of this formula have not taken into account the dependence (demonstrated by Kaufman, 1976 , 1979 , and Matarazzo & Herman, 1985 ) of Ds on Full Scale IQs (FSIQs). This has led to overestimation of “abnormality” of Ds of high FSIQ children, and underestimation of “abnormality” of Ds of low FSIQ children. This article presents a formula for identification of abnormal WISC-R Ds, which overcomes these problems, by explicitly taking into account the dependence of Ds on FSIQs.

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