An aggregated model of CSMA/CD as an example for runtime reduction in LAN-simulation

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Heck ◽  
R. Lange
Keyword(s):  
Aggregated Model ◽  
Runtime Reduction

scholarly journals Perceptions of Hospitality and Safety Are Two Sides of the Same Coin

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Brenda Groen ◽  
Hester van Sprang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Critical Incidents ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Security Officer ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Aggregated Model ◽  
Perception Of Care ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Reception Area

Entering a building is a ‘moment of truth’ and may invoke feelings of hospitableness. Physical environments and staff behaviour deliver ‘clues’ that may result in the experience of hospitality. The focus in a reception area may be on mitigation of risks, or on a hospitable atmosphere, with either a host or a security officer at the entrance. However, the division of tasks to either the pleasing host or the controlling security officer to a certain extent disavows the overlap between perceptions of hospitality and safety. This exploratory qualitative study combines a group interview with three managers responsible for hospitality and security in reception areas and Critical Incidents by staff and visitors (N = 51). Thematic coding was based on The Egg Aggregated Model and the Experience of Hospitality Scale. Results show that hospitality and safety are indeed two sides of the same coin. Usually people do accept security measures, provided that staff act in a hospitable way. A lack of security measures may seem ‘inviting’, but also decreases the perception of care for your visitor, and may cause uncertainty and therefore decrease comfort. A correct risk perception, flexible appliance of security measures, and a friendly approach connect aspects of ‘safe’ and ‘hospitable’ sentiments.

scholarly journals An Equivalent Aggregated Model of Large-Scale Flexible Loads for Load Scheduling

IEEE Access ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 143431-143444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Tu ◽  
Ming Zhou ◽  
Hantao Cui ◽  
Fangxing Li
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Load Scheduling ◽  
Flexible Loads ◽  
Aggregated Model

scholarly journals An Aggregated Model for Energy Management Considering Crowdsourcing Behaviors of Distributed Energy Resources

IEEE Access ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 145757-145766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bomiao Liang ◽  
Weijia Liu ◽  
Lei Sun ◽  
Zhiyuan He ◽  
Beiping Hou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Aggregated Model

scholarly journals Algorithms and software solution of thinning models for SIBYLA growth simulator

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 431-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fabrika ◽  
J. Ďurský
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Causal Modeling ◽  
Equilibrium Curve ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Target Frequency ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Tree Thinning ◽  
Aggregated Model ◽  
Growth Simulator

The paper deals with a proposal for a thinning model for the growth simulator SIBYLA. The model is based on an analytical-causal modeling approach. Some partial theorems are tested on experimental data from thinning sample plots. The model is composed of the following components: the model of bio-sociological tree status, the model for score of existence, the model for type of selection, the model for amount of thinning, and the aggregated model of the thinning concept. The appropriate combination of type and amount of thinning allows the user to perform the following thinning concepts: thinning from below, thinning from above, neutral thinning, crop tree thinning, target diameter thinning, target frequency (equilibrium) curve thinning, clear cutting, and thinning by list (interactive thinning). A software solution of the algorithms, and an example of different thinning concepts for selected forest stands is presented at the end of the paper along with a discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of the thinning model compared to the SILVA 2.2 model.

MODELING OF ENVIRONMENTAL ADAPTATION: AMENITY VERSUS PRODUCTIVITY AND MODERNIZATION

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 1350006 ◽  
Author(s):  
NATALI HRITONENKO ◽  
YURI YATSENKO
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Environmental Adaptation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Aggregated Model ◽  
Total Productivity ◽  
Adaptation Policies ◽  
Adaptation Investments

We develop an aggregated model to study rational environmental adaptation policies that compensate negative consequences of climate change. The model distinguishes three categories of adaptation measures that (a) compensate the decrease of environmental amenity value, (b) compensate the decrease of total productivity, (c) develop and introduce new hazard-protected capital and technology. We analyze the optimal balance among consumption, capital investment, and different categories of adaptation investments under exogenous climate change. It appears that the climate change damage and subsequent adaptation do not lead to a higher level of capital modernization in the long run as compared to the benchmark case with no climate change. A synergism between productivity-related and amenity-related adaptation activities arises because the productivity-related adaptation positively impacts the economy and creates better possibilities for the amenity adaptation.

scholarly journals Cash flow disaggregation and prediction of cash flow

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Khansalar ◽  
Mohammad Namazi
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
Income Statement ◽  
Aggregated Model ◽  
Flow Components ◽  
Future Cash Flows

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the incremental information content of estimates of cash flow components in predicting future cash flows. Design/methodology/approach The authors examine whether the models incorporating components of operating cash flow from income statements and balance sheets using the direct method are associated with smaller prediction errors than the models incorporating core and non-core cash flow. Findings Using data from US and UK firms and multiple regression analysis, the authors find that around 60 per cent of a current year’s cash flow will persist into the next period’s cash flows, and that income statement and balance sheet variables persist similarly. The explanatory power and predictive ability of disaggregated cash flow models are superior to that of an aggregated model, and further disaggregating previously applied core and non-core cash flows provides incremental information about income statement and balance sheet items that enhances prediction of future cash flows. Disaggregated models and their components produce lower out-of-sample prediction errors than an aggregated model. Research limitations/implications This study improves our appreciation of the behaviour of cash flow components and confirms the need for detailed cash flow information in accordance with the articulation of financial statements. Practical implications The findings are relevant to investors and analysts in predicting future cash flows and to regulators with respect to disclosure requirements and recommendations. Social implications The findings are also relevant to financial statement users interested in better predicting a firm’s future cash flows and thereby, its firm’s value. Originality/value This paper contributes to the existing literature by further disaggregating cash flow items into their underlying items from income statements and balance sheets.

scholarly journals Aggregated Biomass Model Systems and Carbon Concentration Variations for Tree Carbon Quantification of Natural Mongolian Oak in Northeast China

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faris Rafi Almay Widagdo ◽  
Fengri Li ◽  
Lianjun Zhang ◽  
Lihu Dong
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Weighting Function ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Parameter Restriction ◽  
Aggregated Model ◽  
Mongolian Oak

Three systems of additive biomass models were developed and the effects of tree components, tree sizes, and tree growing regions on the carbon concentration were analyzed for Mongolian oak (Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb.) in the natural forests of Northeastern China. The nonlinear seemingly unrelated regression (NSUR) method was used to fit each of the three systems simultaneously; namely, aggregated model systems with no parameter restriction (AMS0), aggregated model systems with one parameter restriction (AMS1), and aggregated model systems with three parameter restrictions (AMS3). A unique weighting function for each biomass model was applied to address the heteroscedasticity issue. The systems assertively guarantee the additivity property, in which, the summation of the respective predicted tree components (i.e., root, stem, branch, and foliage) will match the prediction of subtotals (i.e., crown and aboveground) and total biomass. Using one-, two-, and three-predictor combinations (i.e., D (diameter at breast height), D and H (total height), and D, H, and CL (crown length)) as the general model underlying formats, three systems of additive biomass model were developed. Our results indicate that (1) all of the aggregated model systems performed well and the differences between the systems were relatively small; (2) the rank order of the three systems based on an array of statistics are as follows: AMS0 > AMS1 > AMS3; (3) the carbon concentration significantly varied depending on the types of tree tissues and growing regions; (4) the regional respective component carbon concentration and regional weighted mean carbon concentration multiplied by observed biomass value appeared to be the best approach to calculate carbon stock.

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