scholarly journals Short-Term Scientific Missions on electromagnetic modelling and inversion techniques for Ground Penetrating Radar - COST Action TU1208

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Pajewski ◽  
Antonis Giannopoulos ◽  
Sebastien Lambot ◽  
Marian Marciniak ◽  
Simone Meschino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cost Action ◽  
Electromagnetic Modelling ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Inversion Techniques ◽  
And Inversion

Results of experimental tests for the evaluation of the signal-to-noise ratio, short-term stability, linearity in the time axis, and long-term stability of the GPR signal - according to COST Action TU1208 guidelines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Vrtunski ◽  
Lara Pajewski ◽  
Aleksandar Ristić ◽  
Željko Bugarinović ◽  
Miro Govedarica
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Time Axis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cost Action ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Ground Penetrating

<p>Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) systems need to be calibrated on a recurrent basis and their performance shall be periodically verified, in accordance with manufacturer recommendations and specifications. Nevertheless, most GPR owners in Europe employ their radar units and antennas for years without ever having them verified by manufacturers, unless major flaws or issues become evident. In this framework, Members of COST Action TU1208 have recently carried out a critical analysis of the few existing procedures for the calibration and performance verification of GPR systems; and, they have proposed four improved experimental tests to evaluate the signal-to-noise ratio, short-term stability, linearity in the time axis, and long-term stability of the GPR signal [1]. In this work, we present the results of the tests executed in Novi Sad, Serbia, on a GSSI SIR 3000 control unit equipped with GSSI ground-coupled antennas having central frequencies of 400 MHz and 900 MHz. We have experienced that the execution of the tests helps to attain stronger awareness about the behaviour and limits of owned GPR equipment. It is also interesting to check how the results of the tests change over time and in different environmental conditions, to analyze the performance evolution of the equipment. Main aim of this abstract is to spread the voice and encourage GPR owners and manufacturers to execute the tests. If a wide variety of control units and antennas are tested, of older and more recent conception, with different numbers of working hours, reliable thresholds for the tests can be established and the proposed procedures can be further refined and upgraded. Moreover, the results of the tests can be translated into accuracy levels of measured physical and geometrical quantities, to get some awareness about the uncertainty of results of a GPR survey (e.g., achieved accuracy levels in the estimation of layer thicknesses).</p><p> </p><p>[1] L. Pajewski, M. Vrtunski, Ž. Bugarinović, A. Ristić, M. Govedarica, A. van der Wielen, C. Grégoire, C. Van Geem, X. Dérobert, V. Borecky, S. Serkan Artagan, S. Fontul, V. Marecos, and S. Lambot, "GPR system performance compliance according to COST Action TU1208 guidelines,"  Ground Penetrating Radar, Volume 1, Issue 2, Article ID GPR-1-2-1, July 2018, pp. 2-36, doi.org/10.26376/GPR2018007.</p>

Time-domain inversion of GPR data containing attenuation due to conductive losses

Geophysics ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. K103-K109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingyun Di ◽  
Meigen Zhang ◽  
Maioyue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Domain Inversion ◽  
Inversion Techniques ◽  
And Inversion

Many seismic data processing and inversion techniques have been applied to ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data without including the wave field attenuation caused by conductive ground. Neglecting this attenuation often reduces inversion resolution. This paper introduces a GPR inversion technique that accounts for the effects of attenuation. The inversion is formulated in the time domain with the synthetic GPR waveforms calculated by a finite-element method (FEM). The Jacobian matrix can be computed efficiently with the same FEM forward modeling procedure. Synthetic data tests show that the inversion can generate high-resolution subsurface velocity profiles even with data containing strong random noise. The inversion can resolve small objects not readily visible in the waveforms. Further, the inversion yields a dielectric constant that can help to determine the types of material filling underground cavities.

scholarly journals Advanced Inversion Techniques for Ground Penetrating Radar

2017 ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Fedeli ◽  
Matteo Pastorino ◽  
Andrea Randazzo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Needed Information ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Inversion Techniques

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) systems arenowadays standard inspection tools in several application areas, such as subsurface prospecting, civil engineering and cultural heritage monitoring. Usually, the raw output of GPR isprovided as a B-scan, which has to be further processed inorder to extract the needed information about the inspectedscene. In this framework, inversescattering-based approachesare gaining an ever-increasing interest, thanks to their capabil-ities of directly providing images of the physical and dielectricproperties of the investigated areas. In this paper, some advances in the development of such inversion techniques in theGPR field are revised and discussed.

TU1208 GPR Association: Why? How? What?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Pajewski
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Scientific Journal ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Financial Model ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Cost Action ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Ground Penetrating

<p>TU1208 GPR Association (www.gpradar.eu/tu1208/) is a follow-up initiative of COST Action TU1208 “Civil engineering applications of ground penetrating radar” (www.gpradar.eu), which ended in October 2017. The association inherited the same primary objective of the Action, namely, to exchange and increase scientific-technical knowledge and experience of ground penetrating radar (GPR) technique, whilst promoting a wider and more effective use of this safe and non-destructive inspection method. Currently (2019) the association involves 41 Members from 30 Institutes in 14 Countries; participating institutions include universities, research centers, public agencies, GPR manufacturers and end-users. The association is open to experts from all over the world and not 'only' to Members of COST Action TU1208. The research activities supported by the association cover all areas of GPR technology, methodology, and applications.</p><p><strong>Why? </strong></p><p>The motivations to maintain, expand and leverage our COST network after the end of the Action could be summarized by saying that during the Action’s lifetime we acquired awareness that “we are stronger together.” There can be different ways to keep a COST network alive after the Action’s end, the most common being continuation through funding of another Action or EU/international collaborative research projects. We realized that establishing an association would offer a great added value. An association is actually a platform to coordinate, complement, and support any new initiatives undertaken by its members; it helps to avoid fragmentation of research, achieve better harmonization of activities and approaches, and constantly attain involvement of new actors. In perspective, an association can potentiate the contact of a community of innovators with policy makers. Moreover, an association gives identity to the group and encourages the discussion of general principles alongside more strictly scientific topics.</p><p><strong>How?</strong></p><p>TU1208 GPR association was founded in September 2017, before the Action’s Final Conference. The financial model is a non-profit scientific association with statutes, registered with the Italian Revenue Agency. Administrative and operative offices are in Rome. The simplest financial structure was chosen for the association, which has a fiscal code but does not have a VAT number; thus, the association can receive social quotas, donations, and occasionally other types of incomes. This model is the easiest to run and can be upgraded in the future, if useful.</p><p><strong>What?</strong></p><p>We believe that the key principles and values that we experienced together in COST Action TU1208 continue to matter notwithstanding the Action ended, so we aim to apply them and spread them out.</p><p>The association publishes books, proceedings, and educational material. We have founded the first peer-reviewed scientific journal dedicated to GPR, “Ground Penetrating Radar” (www.gpradar.eu/journal/): this is the most challenging and ambitious initiative that the association has initiated and carried out so far. Our publications are distributed in true open access, free to both Authors and Readers.</p><p>We organize networking and educational events, such as workshops, training schools, roundtables and scientific sessions in international conferences (including the EGU session «COST Actions in Geosciences», wherein this abstract is presented, and the EGU session «Ground Penetrating Radar: Technology, Methodology, Applications, and Case Studies»). The association has also funded/co-funded a few scientific missions.</p>

Use of COST networking tools to achieve the objectives of a COST Action, enhance its impact, and maximize the benefits of its Members – challenges and lessons learnt in COST Action TU1208

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Ristic ◽  
Lara Pajewski ◽  
Miro Govedarica ◽  
Milan Vrtunski
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Host Institution ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cost Action ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ground Penetrating

<p>Scientists and experts participating in COST Actions can benefit from a wide range of COST networking tools. Meetings, workshops, conferences and training schools can be organized. Short-term scientific missions (STSM) can be funded: these are exchange visits where an Action Member spends five days up to six months abroad, in a host institution; the aim of STSMs is to foster collaboration between institutions and sharing of new techniques that may not be available in a participant’s home institution. COST also funds dissemination and communication of Action’s outcomes within research communities and beyond. Finally, conference grants for early-career researchers from Inclusiveness Target Countries (ITC) aim at helping participants from ITC to attend international science and technology related conferences that are not organised by COST Actions.</p><p>In this presentation, we discuss the challenges and lessons learnt in COST Action TU1208 “Civil engineering applications of ground penetrating radar” [1] while using COST networking tools to fulfill the objectives of the Action, enhance its impact, and maximize the benefits of its Members. We consider one tool at a time focusing on the obstacles that we encountered and how we overcame them, as well as giving hints on how the Action and its Members made the most from the use of the tool. We describe how the use of the tools changed during the Action’s lifetime. </p><p>COST networking tools can of course be used in a customary way and they are all extremely frutiful. More creative solutions can be implemented too, to keep Members engaged or achieve particular goals. Therefore, this presentation continues with examples of less-common exploitations of the tools in TU1208. For instance, we used the “Meeting” tool for the organization of a series of science communication initiatives aimed at increasing public awareness about ground penetrating radar capabilities and applications and at establishing a dialogue with policymakers, stakeholders and end-users of our research (TU1208 GPR RoadShow [2]); the Roadshow included non-scientific workshops, practical demonstrations, and a series of educational activities with children and citizens. We repeatedly exploited the “Meeting” tool also for one week gatherings with a small number of Members, where we worked full-time together at bringing forward specific Action’s activities, one of the challenges of COST Actions being the lack of funds to finance research and the difficulty to “make Members work” for the Action when they are at their home institutions.</p><p>We hope that recently started Actions can build upon our experience.</p><p> </p><p>[1] L. Pajewski, A. Benedetto, X. Dérobert, A. Giannopoulos, A. Loizos, G. Manacorda, M. Marciniak, C. Plati, G. Schettini, I. Trinks, "Applications of Ground Penetrating Radar in Civil Engineering – COST Action TU1208," Proc. 7th IWAGPR, 2013, Nantes, France, pp. 1-6, doi.org/10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601528</p><p>[2] L. Pajewski, H. Tõnisson, K. Orviku, M. Govedarica, A. Ristić, V. Borecky, S. S. Artagan, S. Fontul, and K. Dimitriadis, “TU1208 GPR Roadshow: Educational and promotional activities carried out by Members of COST Action TU1208 to increase public awareness on the potential and capabilities of the GPR technique,” Ground Penetrating Radar, Volume 2(1), March 2019, pp. 67-109, doi.org/10.26376/GPR2019004</p>

Applications of Ground Penetrating Radar in civil engineering — COST action TU1208

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Pajewski ◽  
Andrea Benedetto ◽  
Xavier Derobert ◽  
Antonis Giannopoulos ◽  
Andreas Loizos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Cost Action ◽  
Ground Penetrating

scholarly journals SPOT-GPR: A Freeware Tool for Target Detection and Localizationin GPR Data Developed within the COST Action TU1208

2017 ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Meschino ◽  
Lara Pajewski
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Matched Filter ◽  
Doa Estimation ◽  
Music Algorithm ◽  
Multiple Signal Classification ◽  
Cost Action ◽  
Filter Technique ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Noisy Background

SPOT-GPR (release 1.0) is a new freeware tool implementing an innovative Sub-Array Processing method, for the analysis of Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) data with the main purposes of detecting and localizing targets. The software is implemented in Matlab, it has a graphical user interface and a short manual. This work is the outcome of a series of three Short-Term Scientific Missions (STSMs) funded by European COoperation in Science and Technology (COST) and carried out in the framework of the COST Action TU1208 “Civil Engineering Applications of Ground Penetrating Radar” (www.GPRadar.eu). The input of the software is a GPR radargram (B-scan). The radargram is partitioned in subradargrams, composed of a few traces (A-scans) each. The multi-frequency information enclosed in each trace is exploited and a set of dominant Directions of Arrival (DoA) of the electromagnetic field is calculated for each sub-radargram. The estimated angles are triangulated, obtaining a pattern of crossings that are condensed around target locations. Such pattern is filtered, in order to remove a noisy background of unwanted crossings, and is then processed by applying a statistical procedure. Finally, the targets are detected and their positions are predicted. For DoA estimation, the MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm is employed, in combination with the matched filter technique. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the matched filter technique is used for the processing of GPR data. The software has been tested on GPR synthetic radargrams, calculated by using the finite-difference time-domain simulator gprMax, with very good results.

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